Mhlawumbi uya kugqirha xa unomkhuhlane, ukhwehlela, okanye olunye usulelo aze akunike i-antibiotic, akunjalo? Udidi olulodwa olukhethekileyo lwala ma-antibiotics lubizwa ngokuba yi-'Macrolides'. Usenokuba ukhe wanikwa iyeza elibizwa ngeli gama ngaphambili. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngokuba zeziphi ezi macrolides, zeziphi izifo ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga, kunye noko kufuneka sikuqaphele xa uzisebenzisa.
Zithini ezi macrolides?
Ngamafutshane, ii-macrolides ziluhlobo lwee-antibiotics. Umsebenzi wazo ophambili kukuthintela ukukhula kweebhaktheriya ezingene emizimbeni yethu. Ngokuchanekileyo, la mayeza asebenza ngokuthintela umsebenzi weebhaktheriya ukuze zingasasazeki okanye zikhule ngakumbi.
Kodwa kukho into ebaluleke kakhulu ekufuneka siyiqonde sonke apha. Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane e-Macrolide asebenza kuphela ngokuchasene nosulelo lweentsholongwane. Azinyangi usulelo lweentsholongwane olufana nomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo kunye nomkhuhlane.
Kwakhona, abanye abantu banokuba ne-aleji kwezinye ii-antibiotics, ezifana ne-penicillin. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, oogqirha banika ii-macrolides njengenye indlela.
Ziziphi ii-macrolides ezisetyenziswa kakhulu?
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zee-macrolides eziqhele ukumiselwa ngoogqirha eSri Lanka nakwihlabathi liphela. Usenokuba uqhelene nelinye lala magama.
| Igama leziyobisi | Intshayelelo emfutshane |
|---|---|
| I-Azithromycin | Olu luhlobo lwe-macrolide abantu abaninzi abaye beva ngalo kwaye lusetyenziswa rhoqo. |
| IClarithromycin | Isetyenziselwa ukunyanga iintlobo ngeentlobo zezifo, kuquka neebhaktheriya ezibangela izilonda zesisu. |
| I-Erythromycin | Uhlobo oludala lwe-macrolide oluza ngohlobo lweepilisi kunye nekhrimu (ijeli) esetyenziswa eluswini. |
| I-Fidaxomicin | Isetyenziswa ngokukodwa kwi-C. diff infection, usulelo olubi lwamathumbu. |
Zeziphi iimeko ezisetyenziselwa ii-macrolides?
La mayeza asetyenziswa ukunyanga iintlobo ngeentlobo zezifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane. Nazi ezinye zemizekelo:
- I-pneumonia engaqhelekanga: Uhlobo olukhethekileyo lwe-pneumonia, olukwaziwa ngokuba yi-"walking pneumonia".
- Usulelo lwamehlo olubangelwa ziintsholongwane: Usulelo olubangela iimpawu ezifana nokubomvu kunye namehlo anamanzi.
- Izifo zolusu: Kwiimeko ezifana ne-acne, ijeli equlethe i-Erythromycin ngamanye amaxesha iyanikwa ukulawula iintsholongwane eluswini.
- Umphimbo obuhlungu: Ingakumbi kwabo bane-aleji kwi-penicillin.
- Ukukhohlela/iPertussis: Usulelo olubangela ukukhohlela okunzima nokuhlala ixesha elide.
- Usulelo lwe-H. pylori: Le yintsholongwane ebangela izilonda esiswini. Inyangwa ngamayeza anjenge-`(Clarithromycin)` kunye namanye amayeza.
- Izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo: Kwizifo ezifana neChlamydia.
- Ezinye izifo: Zikwasetyenziselwa ukunyanga izifo ezibangelwa kukukrweleka kwekati (umkhuhlane wekati), i-diphtheria, kunye norhudo olubangelwa yi-traveler.
Zisetyenziswa njani ezi ziyobisi kwaye ixesha elingakanani?
Ii-antibiotics ze-Macrolide ziza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.
- Iipilisi eziginyiweyo
- Ulwelo
- Iigel okanye izisombululo ezisetyenziswa eluswini
- Izithambiso
- Iinaliti ezinikwa ngugqirha
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthatha amayeza kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuxelele, ngokwedosi emiselweyo, nangenani leentsuku ezimiselweyo. Ingakumbi ukuba liyeza elingamanzi, sebenzisa kuphela isixhobo sokulinganisa esiza nalo. Ukulinganisa ngeetispuni ekhaya akuyi kukunika idosi echanekileyo.
Nokuba uzive ungcono, kufuneka usele amayeza kangangeentsuku ezimiselweyo ngugqirha. Kungenjalo, isifo sisenokunganyangeki ngokupheleleyo, kwaye ezinye iibhaktheriya zisenokuhlala emzimbeni, nto leyo ebangela ukuba isifo siphinde sibuye. Kungoko ke, kubalulekile ukugqiba unyango.
Ngaba ii-macrolides zineziphumo ebezingalindelekanga?
Njengayo nayiphi na i-antibiotic, ii-macrolides zinokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezincinci. Ezona zixhaphakileyo kukuphazamiseka kwesisu.
- Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
- Intlungu yesisu okanye isisu
- Urhudo
Ezi ziphumo bezingalindelekanga azibi kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, uhlobo lwazo lunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-macrolide oyithathayo. Ugqirha wakho uza kukwazisa ngale nto.
Ukongeza, ii-macrolides zinokusebenzisana namanye amayeza owasebenzisayo. Ngoko ke, qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho ngawo onke amayeza, iivithamini, kunye nezongezo ozisebenzisayo. Kwakhona, xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba usela utywala. Ngamanye amaxesha unokufuna ukuphepha utywala ngelixa usebenzisa la mayeza.
Nangona kunqabile, abanye abantu banokuba neempendulo ze-allergy. Uphawu oluqhelekileyo kukuqhambuka kwesikhumba. Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba kubekho iimeko ezinzima zesikhumba ezifana neStevens-Johnson syndrome.
Ngaba utshintsho lwesantya sentliziyo (i-arrhythmias) lunokwenzeka?
Oku nako kunqabile kakhulu, kodwa kubalulekile ukukuqaphela. Amanye ama-macrolide anomngcipheko omncinci kakhulu wokubangela izingqisho zentliziyo ezingaqhelekanga (i-arrhythmias). Oku kungenxa yokuba la mayeza anokwandisa into ebizwa ngokuba yi-QT interval. Ngamafutshane, kuthatha ixesha elide ukuba izihlunu zentliziyo zifinyele zize ziphumle. Oku kunokubangela isingqisho sentliziyo esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuba yiTorsades de Pointes.
Ukuba unesifo sentliziyo, ugqirha uya kukuqwalasela oko aze akunike olunye uhlobo lonyango lokubulala iintsholongwane ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Udinga nini ukubona ugqirha?
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha nogqirha wakho kwezi meko zilandelayo.
| Amathuba | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Kwimeko enjalo, thetha nogqirha. | |
| Imibuzo malunga nendlela yokuthatha amayeza | Ukuba awucaci ngezinto ezifana nomthamo kunye nexesha. |
| Ukungonwabi ngenxa yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga | Ukuba kunzima kakhulu ukusela iyeza ngenxa yezinto ezifana nesicaphucaphu nokuhlanza. |
| Akukho kuncipha kweempawu | Ukuba isigulo sakho asikanyangeki nasemva kokugqiba unyango. |
| Iimpawu ze-aleji | Ukuba kuvela into efana nokuqhambuka kwesikhumba. |
| Kwimeko enjalo, yiya kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele ngoko nangoko. | |
| Urhudo oluqatha | Ukuba unesifo sohudo esinamanzi izihlandlo ezininzi ngemini okanye ukuba uneempawu zokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni. |
| Ukunganyamezelani kakuhle komzimba | Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ze-anaphylaxis, ezinje ngobunzima bokuphefumla kunye nokudumba kobuso, le yingxamiseko enkulu. |
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- IiMacrolides luhlobo lwe-antibiotic olunikwa ukunyanga usulelo lweentsholongwane . Azisebenzi nxamnye nosulelo lweentsholongwane olufana nomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo.
- Sela yonke imithi oyinikwe ngugqirha wakho, kangangeentsuku ezipheleleyo . Musa ukuyeka ukuyisela phakathi.
- Yazisa ugqirha wakho ngazo zonke ezinye iziyobisi ozisebenzisayo kunye nazo naziphi na ezinye iingxaki zempilo onazo (ingakumbi isifo sentliziyo).
- Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezincinci ezifana nokudumba kwesisu zinokubakho, kodwa ukuba ufumana urhudo olukhulu, amaqhakuva eluswini, okanye ubunzima bokuphefumla , funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko.
- Ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu ze-allergy okanye ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni ezifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo, yiya kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane.
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