Ngaba ugqirha wakho ukuxelele ukuba ivalvu yakho ye-mitral ibuthathaka kwaye udinga utyando? Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika kwaye ukhathazekile xa usiva into efana nale. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Olu lutyando oluphambili kakhulu noluphumeleleyo ngoku. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngokutshintshwa kweMitral Valve, ithetha ukuthini, kutheni yenziwe, kunye nendlela eyenziwa ngayo, ngendlela elula kakhulu onokuyiqonda.
Okokuqala, masibone, yintoni le valve ye-mitral?
Cinga ngentliziyo yakho njengendlu enamagumbi amane. Kukho iingcango phakathi kwala magumbi ezivumela igazi ukuba liphume liye phambili nangasemva. Ezi ngcango zivuleka kwicala elinye kuphela. Ngoko ke, le valve ye-mitral ngumnyango obaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwegumbi eliphezulu (i-atrium yasekhohlo) kunye negumbi elisezantsi (i-ventricle yasekhohlo) kwicala lasekhohlo lentliziyo.
Igazi elicocekileyo neligcwele ioksijini elivela emiphungeni liqala lingene kweli gumbi liphezulu ngasekhohlo. Emva koko, ivalvu ye-mitral iyavuleka kwaye elo gazi lingena kweli gumbi lisezantsi. Kukwigumbi elisezantsi apho igazi limpontshwa khona emzimbeni wonke. Ngoko ke olu cango, oko kukuthi, ivalvu, kufuneka luvuleke luze luvalwe ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
Kodwa ngenxa yezifo ezithile, le valve ayisebenzi kakuhle. Emva koko intliziyo iziva ixinezelekile kakhulu. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oku kungonakalisa intliziyo nemiphunga.
Kukweziphi iimeko apho kufuneka kutshintshwe ivalvu ye-mitral?
Olu tyando lufuneka kakhulu ngenxa yeemeko ezimbini zempilo.
1. Ukubuyela kwe-Mitral: Oku kwenzeka xa ivalvu ingavaleki kakuhle. Emva koko elinye igazi elingene kwigumbi elisezantsi livuza libuyele kwigumbi eliphezulu. Kufana nesitshixo socango esiphukileyo.
2. I-Mitral Stenosis: Okwenzekayo apha kukuba ivalvu ayivuli kakuhle. Iba mxinwa kwaye ivalwe. Emva koko indlela yegazi eliphuma kwigumbi eliphezulu ukuya kwigumbi elingaphantsi iyavalwa. Kufana nocango oluvalelekileyo.
Oogqirha basoloko bezama ukulungisa ivalvu yakho. Kungcono ukugcina izicwili zakho. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ivalvu yonakele kakhulu ukuba ingalungiswa, ivalvu entsha yeyona ndlela ikhuselekileyo nefanelekileyo.
Ivalvu isenokungalungiseki ngenxa yezi zizathu zilandelayo:
- Ukuba ivalvu yonakele kakhulu ngenxa yosulelo entliziyweni (endocarditis).
- Ukuba ivalvu iye yaba namanxeba kwaye yatyeba ngenxa yesifo sentliziyo esibangelwa yirheumatic (Rheumatic Heart Disease) esenzeka ebuntwaneni.
- Ukuba iidipozithi zekhalsiyam zakheke kwivalvu zaza zafana nelitye.
- Ukuba inkqubo yentambo ethambileyo (izihlunu zepapillary okanye i-chordae) exhasa ivalvu yonakele.
Ziziphi iintlobo ezintsha zeevalvu?
Ukuba ufumana ivalvu entsha, kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili onokukhetha kuzo. Zombini zinezibonelelo kunye neengxaki zazo. Wena nogqirha wakho kuya kufuneka nigqibe kunye ukuba yeyiphi ekulungeleyo, ngokusekwe kwiminyaka yakho, indlela ophila ngayo, kunye nempilo yakho.
| Uhlobo lwevalvu | Inkcazo kunye neenzuzo | Izinto ezingalunganga kunye nezinto eziphawulekayo |
|---|---|---|
| Ivalvu yoomatshini | Ezi ziivalvu ezihlala ixesha elide ezenziwe ngeentsimbi ezifana nekhabhoni kunye netitanium. Zihlala ixesha elide. Azidingi utyando kwakhona. | Kuya kufuneka uthathe i-blood thinner ubomi bakho bonke (iWarfarin). Kukho umngcipheko ophezulu wokopha xa usebenzisa eli yeza. Kuya kufuneka uvavanye igazi lakho rhoqo. Oku kuyingozi kubafazi abakhulelweyo nakwabo bawa rhoqo. |
| Ivalvu yebhayoloji/ye-Bioprosthetic | Ezi zenziwe ngezicubu zezilwanyana (ezithathwe kwiihagu okanye kwiinkomo). Eyona nzuzo inkulu kukuba akufuneki usele amayeza okunciphisa igazi ubomi bakho bonke (mhlawumbi ngaphandle kweenyanga ezimbalwa zokuqala). | Ezi azihlali ixesha elide njengeevalvu zoomatshini. Zidla ngokuguga emva kweminyaka eli-10 ukuya kwengama-20. Emva koko kufuneka wenze olunye utyando uze ufake ivalvu entsha. |
Oogqirha badla ngokusebenzisa isikhokelo esifana nesi:
- Ukuba ungaphantsi kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala: ivalvu yomatshini (ngaphandle kokuba ukhulelwe okanye uceba ukukhulelwa).
- Ukuba uneminyaka ephakathi kwama-50 nama-65 ubudala: naluphi na uhlobo kwezi zimbini.
- Ukuba ungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala: ivalvu yendalo.
Esi sisigqibo esikhulu, ngoko ungathandabuzi ukuxoxa ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo okanye uloyiko onalo nogqirha wakho.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphambi nangexesha lotyando?
Ukulungiselela ngaphambi kotyando
Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika imiyalelo yendlela yokulungiselela utyando. Kuya kufuneka wenze oku kulandelayo:
- Yeka ukuthatha amayeza athile (ingakumbi amayeza okunciphisa igazi) kwiiveki ezimbalwa ngaphambi kotyando.
- Ukuba uyatshaya, yeka ngokupheleleyo.
- Hlamba umzimba wakho ngesepha yokubulala iintsholongwane ngobusuku bangaphambi kotyando.
- Yeka ukutya nokusela ukususela ezinzulwini zobusuku ngaphambi kotyando.
- Lungiselela umntu oza kukunceda xa ufika ekhaya. Unokufumana kunzima ukuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo okanye ukupheka okwethutyana. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufumana uncedo kwilungu losapho okanye kumhlobo.
Ngexesha lotyando
Olu lutyando lwentliziyo oluhlala luvulekile. Oku kuthetha ukuba utyando lwenziwa ngomngxuma osesifubeni. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu banokwenza utyando nge-catheter (i-transcatheter). Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba oku kulungile na kuwe.
Ngexesha lotyando:
1. Uza kupholiswa ngokupheleleyo yintlungu. Ngoko ke akuyi kuva okanye ukukhumbula nto.
2. Ngexesha lotyando, uza kuqhagamshelwa kumatshini okhethekileyo (Cardiopulmonary Bypass Machine) ukuze wenze umsebenzi wentliziyo yakho nemiphunga.
3. Ugqirha wenza utyando esifubeni aze afikelele entliziyweni.
4. Emva koko, ivalvu ye-mitral eyonakeleyo isuswa ngononophelo, kwaye ivalvu entsha ithungelwa endaweni yayo. Oogqirha bazama ukonga uninzi lwezicubu zakho ezisempilweni kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
5. Ivalvu entsha iyahlolwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba isebenza kakuhle, isifuba siyavalwa, uze emva koko ukhutshwe kumatshini wentliziyo nemiphunga.
Olu tyando ludla ngokuthatha malunga neeyure ezimbini ukuya kwezine.
Emva kotyando kunye nokuchacha
Kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele kangangeveki emva kotyando.
- Uza kuchitha usuku lokuqala okanye ezimbini kwigumbi lonyango oluphezulu (ICU), apho yonke into ukususela kwintliziyo yakho ukuya ekuphefumleni kwakho iya kuhlolwa ngokusondeleyo.
- Emva koko badluliselwa kwigumbi eliqhelekileyo.
- Kuqhelekile ukuba nentliziyo ebetha ngendlela engacwangciswanga (`Arrhythmias`) emva kotyando. Kunikwa amayeza oku.
- Amayeza okuthintela ukujiya kwegazi (unyango lokuthintela ukujiya kwegazi) aqalisiwe.
- Uza kuthunyelwa kwinkqubo yonyango lwentliziyo ukuze ukhawulezise ukuchacha kwakho.
Kudla ngokuthatha iiveki ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-8 ukuze umntu aphile. Kodwa oku kuyahluka kumntu nomntu. Eli xesha linokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana neminyaka yakho kunye nempilo yakho yangaphambi kotyando. Ngoko ke musa ukungxama. Mamela umzimba wakho kwaye ufumane ukuphumla okwaneleyo.
Ziziphi iimpawu zomngcipheko ekufuneka uzixele kugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko?
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo emva kokubuyela ekhaya, musa ukuzityeshela. Fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) elikufutshane nawe.
| Iimpawu ezinobungozi | |
|---|---|
|
|
| Ukuba uthatha amayeza okunciphisa igazi, qaphela ezi zinto zilandelayo: | |
| |
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Akukho sizathu sokoyika ukutshintsha ivalvu yeMitral. Lutyando oluphumelele kakhulu olunokusindisa ubomi bakho kwaye luphucule umgangatho wobomi bakho.
- Ukukhetha ivalvu efanelekileyo kuwe, phakathi koomatshini kunye nebhayoloji, sisigqibo esibalulekileyo ekufuneka wena nogqirha wakho nisenze kunye.
- Kuthatha ixesha ukuchacha emva kotyando. Ngeli xesha, ukuphumla kunye nenkxaso yosapho kubalulekile. Ungaze ungxamise izinto.
- Qaphela izinto ezinokubangela umngcipheko emva kokubuyela ekhaya. Ukuba unamathandabuzo, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko.
💬 Comments (0)
No comments yet. Be the first to share your thoughts here.
Add Your Comment