Ngaba uzama ukugula? Okanye wenza njengaye? Oku kusenokuba yi-'Factitious Disorder Imposed on Self' (eyayisaziwa ngokuba yi-'Munchausen Syndrome')!

Ngaba wakha weva ngomntu ozenza ngathi uyagula okanye ozenza ngathi uyagula? Usenokumangaliswa kukuva oku. Kodwa, le yingxaki yempilo yengqondo. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemeko enjalo.

Yintoni kanye kanye le? `Ingxaki Yokwenene Ebangelwa Nguwe`?

Ngamafutshane, 'Ingxaki Yokungaziphathi Kakuhle' yimeko yengqondo apho uzenza ngathi uyagula, okanye uzenza ngathi uneempawu, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha uzama nokuzenza ugula . Oku kwakubizwa ngokuba yi-'(Munchausen Syndrome)' ngaphambili.

Amaxesha amaninzi, aba bantu babonisa iimpawu ezinxulumene nezifo zomzimba. Cinga ngeentlungu zesifuba, iintlungu zesisu, okanye umkhuhlane. Nangona kunjalo, umntu onesi sifo unokufumana iimpawu zengqondo, ezifana nokubona izinto ezingekhoyo okanye amazwi okuva.

Le yimeko eyingozi kancinci, kuba ngale ndlela yokuziphatha unokubangela "ukuzilimaza" .

Igama elithi `Munchausen Syndrome` lavela njani?

Le meko yayibizwa ngokuba yi-'Munchausen Syndrome' emva kukaBaron Munchausen, igosa laseJamani lenkulungwane ye-18. Wayesaziwa ngamabali akhe agqithisileyo ngobomi bakhe namava akhe. Ngoko ke, kule meko, iimpawu ziyagqithiswa, yiyo loo nto ibizwa njalo. Nangona kunjalo, elo gama alibonisi ukuba oku kunzima kangakanani njengesigulo sengqondo. Yiyo loo nto oogqirha namhlanje besebenzisa igama elithi 'Factitious Disorder Imposed on Self'.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?

Ingxaki Yokungaziphathi Kakuhle ayiqhelekanga kangako. Kunzima ukutsho ukuba bangaphi abantu abanayo. Ngenxa yokuba abantu abaninzi baya koogqirha abaninzi abahlukeneyo ukuze bafumane unyango, akunakwenzeka ukufumana iinkcukacha-manani ezichanekileyo.

Luhlobo luni lokuziphatha olu?

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuziphatha ezinokubonwa kule meko:

• Ukwenza ngathi uneempawu zomzimba (umz., intloko ebuhlungu, isisu esibuhlungu, isifuba esibuhlungu) ezingekhoyo.
• Ukwenza ngathi uneempawu zengqondo ezingekhoyo (umz., ukubona izinto ezingekhoyo, ukuva umntu ethetha).
• Ukuzenza ugula okanye ukubangela iimpawu zomzimba (umz., ukonakalisa inxeba ngokungalivumeli ukuba liphile, lihlanze, okanye litye into enetyhefu).

Zeziphi iimpawu ozibonayo koku?

Ukuba une-'Factitious Disorder Imposed on Self', ungenza iimpawu zobuxoki okanye uzibaxe. Ungenza oku kulandelayo:

• Ungaxoka uthi uneempawu ongaziboniyo.
• Iimpawu ezintsha zinokuvela emva kokuba iziphumo zovavanyo zifikile okanye emva kokuba unyango luqalile.
• Iimpawu zingabonakala kuphela xa uwedwa .
• Uvavanyo lokuxilonga lunokutshintshwa (umz., ukongeza enye into kwisampuli yomchamo).
• Basenokuzenza ngathi basela iyeza, balifihle, okanye balishiye ngaphandle.
• Ungazilimaza ngamaxesha onke .

Ezinye iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• Iimbali zonyango eziphikisanayo.
• Ukutshintsha ubuwena bomntu okanye ukubonisa ubuwena obungebobo.
• Ukuya kwizibhedlele ezininzi ezahlukeneyo nakumaziko ezonyango ukuze ufumane unyango.
• Ukungafuni ukuvumela oogqirha ukuba babone iintsapho zabo, okanye ukuthetha noogqirha abakhe babanyanga ngaphambili.
• Ukuzimisela ukwenza uvavanyo okanye unyango olubuhlungu.

Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Zithini izizathu?

Oogqirha abakayazi kakuhle into ebangela iFactitious Disorder. Nangona kunjalo, izifundo zibonisa ukuba isenokubangelwa zizinto zengqondo (iinxalenye zobuntu bakho ezichaphazela iingcinga nezenzo zakho) kunye nezinto zebhayoloji (iikhemikhali ezikwingqondo yakho kunye nokwakheka kwemfuza).

Uphando lubonisa ukuba ezi zinto zilandelayo zinokuchaphazela umkhwa wakho wokukopa oogqirha:

• Ukuzimisela komnye umntu ukukhathalela iimfuno zakho zomzimba okanye zengqondo.
• Ukufuna amandla okanye ukubalasela kwabanye.
• Nciphisa ixhala lokushiywa.
• Yenza ubuwena obutsha.

Nangona kunjalo, le meko inokwenzeka ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo .

Yintoni ebangela le ndlela yokuziphatha?

Abantu abanale meko badla ngokuziqonda ukuba bayaziphethe kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo, abalindeli naziphi na izibonelelo ezicacileyo (umz., ukuphuma emsebenzini, ukufumana izibonelelo zokukhubazeka) ngokuzenzisa okanye ukuzibaxa ezi zinto. Ezi zibonelelo zihlala zingaphantsi kwengqondo, ngokweemvakalelo . Basenokungazi nokuba zizibonelelo abazifumanayo.

Ingaba le yinto evela kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana?

Akukho khonkco laziwayo phakathi kwe-'Factitious Disorder Imposed on Self' kunye ne-genes. Uphando olongezelelweyo luyaqhubeka ukuze kufumaneke unobangela.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuba nale meko?

Nangona i-Factitious Disorder ingaqhelekanga, umngcipheko wakho unokwanda ukuba uye wahlangabezana nezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ukuxhatshazwa okanye ukungakhathalelwa njengomntwana.
• Ukufumana ingozi enkulu.
• Izifo ezihlala zikuchaphazela wena okanye umntu omthandayo.
• Ukubakho kwemisebenzi engaqhelekanga kusapho.
• Ndichithe ixesha elininzi kwindawo ebonelela ngeenkonzo zonyango.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani le nto?

`Ingxaki Yokwenyani Ebangelwa Nguwe` inzima kancinci koogqirha ukuyixilonga. Ugqirha uqala ngokuzikhanyela ezinye iimeko zomzimba nezengqondo aze amisele iindlela zokuxilonga. Kufuneka kubekho ubungqina obucacileyo bokuba uzenza ngathi ungumntu okhohlisayo okanye ozenzela iimpawu. Uxilongo ludla ngokwenziwa emva kovavanyo oluninzi kunye nonyango. Uxilongo lwenziwa ngoogqirha abahlukeneyo abasebenza kunye.

Ngaba kukho uvavanyo olukhethekileyo loku?

Akukho vavanyo luthile lokuxilonga `Ingxaki Yokwenene Ebangelwa Nguwe`. Uvavanyo lwegazi, uvavanyo lomchamo, kunye `(Uvavanyo lomfanekiso)` lunokwenziwa ukuze kuthintelwe ezinye iimeko.

Ugqirha wakho ufumanisa ukuba kukho izifo zomzimba okanye ezinye izifo zengqondo aze ajonge indlela ozijonga ngayo izinto kunye nokuziphatha kwakho.

Kwezinye iimeko, ugqirha wakho unokukuthumela kwingcali yezifo zengqondo okanye kwingcali yezengqondo (iingcali eziqeqeshwe ngokukodwa ukuxilonga nokunyanga iimeko zempilo yengqondo). Iingcali zengqondo kunye neengcali zengqondo zenza uvavanyo zisebenzisa imbali epheleleyo yezonyango, imbali yomzimba, uvavanyo lwelebhu kunye/okanye imifanekiso, kunye nezixhobo zovavanyo lwengqondo.

"Ingxaki Yokwenyani Ebangelwa Nguwe" kwi "DSM-5"

Oogqirha bakho baza kusebenzisa i-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) ukuthelekisa iimpawu zakho kunye neendlela ezisetyenziswa kwesi sifo. I-DSM-5 yincwadi eqhelekileyo yokuxilonga iimeko zempilo yengqondo eMelika.

Iikhrayitheriya zokuxilonga ze-'Factitious Disorder Imposed on Self' ziquka:

• Ukuzenzisa iimpawu zomzimba okanye zengqondo, okubangela ukwenzakala okanye izifo.
• Ukubonakala kwabanye njengomntu ogulayo, obuthathaka, okanye olimeleyo.
• Ukuziphatha okukhohlisayo ngaphandle kokulindela inzuzo yangaphandle .
• Le ndlela yokuziphatha ayinakuchazwa ngokufanelekileyo yenye imeko yempilo yengqondo.

Indlela yokunyanga? (Unyango)

Injongo yokuqala yonyango lwe-'Factitious Disorder Imposed on Self' kukutshintsha iindlela zokuziphatha eziyingozi nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa gwenxa okanye ukusetyenziswa ngokugqithisileyo kwezixhobo zonyango. Nje ukuba ezi njongo zifezekiswe, iqela lakho lezonyango liza kugxila kwizizathu ezisisiseko zokuziphatha kwakho.

Eyona nto iphambili kukunciphisa iingozi. Oogqirha banokusebenzisana ukuqinisekisa ukuba awuvavanywa okanye unyangwa ngokungeyomfuneko. Iimvavanyo ezininzi zonyango kunye nonyango zinokuba nemiphumo emibi ukuba awufuni. Oogqirha bakho baya kusebenza ngokusondeleyo nawe ukuthintela iingozi ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zakho.

Unyango Lokuziphatha Olusebenzisa Ingqondo (i-CBT), uhlobo lwe-psychotherapy olugxila kwiingcinga zakho kunye neendlela zokuziphatha, lunokunceda ekunyangeni le meko. Unyango losapho lunokunceda nosapho lwakho lufunde ngakumbi ngale meko. Unyango lwamaqela lunokunceda ekunciphiseni iimvakalelo zokuba wedwa okanye ukulahlwa.

Unyango lunokuba nzima kuba abantu abaninzi abane-'Factitious Disorder Imposed on Self' bayaphika ukuba banale meko. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukulungele, ungafumana unyango.

Uya kufuna unyango oluvela kugqirha omnye okanye indibaniselwano yoogqirha ababini abanezakhono ezahlukeneyo (umzekelo, ugqirha wengqondo kunye nogqirha wosapho). Oogqirha bakho baya kugxila ekunciphiseni ukuzenzakalisa kunye nokufundisa indlela yokuzinyamekela kunye nokuthintela iingxaki.

Kuza kwenzeka ntoni emva konyango? (Ingqikelelo)

Ukuchacha kwakho kuxhomekeke ekubeni uzimisele ukwamkela isicwangciso sonyango uze usilandele. Ukuba uyasamkela isigulo sakho kwaye ulandele imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngexesha lonyango, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ufumane isiphumo esihle . Ukuba uyala okanye uyalutyeshela unyango, isiphumo sisenokuba sibi, kwaye ukuziphatha kwakho kunokuba yingozi kakhulu, kude kube yingozi ebomini.

Nangona abanye abantu befumana le meko kube kanye kuphela, abantu abaninzi banokuyifumana ngokuphindaphindiweyo ebomini babo bonke, ngoko ke unyango oluqhubekayo luyimfuneko.

Ngaba ikho indlela yokuthintela oku?

Akukho ndlela eyaziwayo yokuthintela le meko, kodwa ukuqala unyango kwangoko xa iimpawu zibonakala kunokunceda ekufumaneni iziphumo ezilungileyo.

Kubalulekile: `Ingxaki Yokungaziphathi Kakuhle` yimeko eyingozi, esongela ubomi. Ukuba uzenzakalisa rhoqo okanye uthatha amayeza eempawu ongenayo, unokuba nemiphumo emibi kakhulu echaphazela indlela umzimba wakho osebenza ngayo. Ukuvavanywa okanye unyango olungeyomfuneko nako kunokwenza umonakalo omkhulu kunokuba kulunge emzimbeni wakho.

Ukongeza, abantu abaninzi abafunyaniswe benesifo 'sokungaziphathi kakuhle' basengozini yokuphazamiseka kokusebenzisa iziyobisi nokuzibulala.

Ukuba wena okanye umntu omthandayo ucinga ngokuzenzakalisa okanye ukuba neengcinga zokuzibulala, funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza okanye utsalele umnxeba ku-988 (uMnxeba woNcedo loKuzibulala kunye neNgxaki). Ukuba wena okanye umntu omthandayo niziva ngathi basengozini ekhawulezileyo, tsalela umnxeba ku-911 okanye inombolo yakho yongxamiseko yasekuhlaleni.

Ungamnceda njani umntu onje?

Ingxaki Yokungaziphathi Ngokwengqondo yimeko enzulu yempilo yengqondo. Kunokuba nzima kumntu onayo ukuqonda ukuba iyingozi kangakanani. Ukuba umntu omthandayo unale meko, kunokubonakala kulula ukumxelela xa exoka. Nangona kunjalo, oku kunokuvakala ngathi kukuhlasela kwakhe, kwaye angasabela kumazwi akho ngomsindo, ukuphepha, okanye ngobundlobongela.

Abanye oogqirha bacebisa ukuba uthethe ngqo nomntu ngale ndlela yokuziphatha uze umbuze ukuba uziva exinezelekile, exhalabile, exhalabile, okanye edandathekile na. Abanye bacebisa ukuba athathe indlela engangqubaniyo, ngaphandle kokunika isizathu, aze amthumele kwingcali yezengqondo.

Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba uqale phi, cela ingcebiso kugqirha okanye kumcebisi wezempilo yengqondo .Bangakufundisa wena, umntu omthandayo, kunye nosapho lwakho kunye nabahlobo ngale meko. Ngokusebenzisana, unokunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba umntu omthandayo ulandela isicwangciso sakhe sonyango. Mse kwingcali yezengqondo kunye/okanye ukuya kubonana nonyango. Ukuxhasa umntu omthandayo (ukungavumeli ukuziphatha kwakhe) yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokunceda umntu onesifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo esibizwa ngokuba yi-Factitious Disorder Imposed on Self.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba wena okanye umntu omthandayo ubonakalisa ukuziphatha okubizwa ngokuba yi-'Factitious Disorder Imposed on Self', bonana nogqirha. Ukunyanga le meko kwangethuba kunokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokwenzakala nokuphucula impilo-ntle yakho.

Yeyiphi imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha?

• Loluphi unyango olungcono kum?
• Ngaba ndinesinye isifo sengqondo esinxulumene naso, esifana nokudakumba okanye ukuphazamiseka kobuntu?
• Ungacebisa ugqirha wengqondo okanye ingcali yezonyango?
• Ndifanele ndikubone kangaphi ukuze ufumane unyango?
• Ndingathetha njani nabahlobo bam kunye nosapho ngale meko?

Yintoni umahluko phakathi koku "nokungalungi"?

Ukuba ubandakanyeka kwiindlela zokuziphatha `(Ukungakhathali)`, wenza izinto ukuze ufumane into ecacileyo (umz., ukungabikho emsebenzini okanye esikolweni, ukufumana ibhonasi). Umntu `oneengxaki zokwenyani ezibekwe kuye` akafumani nto ngabom. Endaweni yoko, ezi ndlela zokuziphatha zinokubonelela ngenzuzo yeemvakalelo ezingaphantsi kwengqondo .

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kokuzicingela isifo esithile kunye nokucingela isifo esithile komnye umntu (Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy)?

'Ingxaki Yokwenyani Ebangelwa Nguwe' (eyayisakuba yi-'Munchausen Syndrome') kunye ne-'Factitious Disorder Ebangelwa Ngumnye' (eyayisakuba yi-'Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy') ziintlobo ezimbini ze-'Factitious Disorders'.

• `Ingxaki yoBuqu Ebangelwa Nguwe` ithetha ukuzenza ngathi unesifo.
• `Ingxaki Yokwenene Ebekwa Komnye Umntu' kuxa uzenza ngathi umntu okwinkathalo yakho (umz. umntwana okanye umntu omdala) uneempawu zesifo. Unokwenzakalisa umntu okwinkathalo yakho uze ubenze babonise iimpawu zesifo somzimba okanye sengqondo abangenaso ngokwenene. Oku kukuxhatshazwa.

Umyalezo Wokugqibela Wokuya Ekhaya

Ingxaki Yokungaziphathi Sisifo Esibangelwa Yingxaki Yokuzicingela Sisifo Esinzulu Sengqondo Esibangela Ukuzilimaza. Kunokuba nzima ukusixilonga nokusinyanga. Kodwa, ukuba ukulungele, kukho unyango olunokukunceda.

Ungabazisa abantu obathandayo ngemeko yakho, ukuze bakuncede ukuba uphendule. Kwakhona, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha inyani xa ubona oogqirha bakho, kuba bafuna ukwenza okulungileyo kuwe kwaye bakuncede "ube nguwe wokwenene."

Ukuba ucinga ngokuzenzakalisa, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba wena okanye umntu omthandayo usengozini ngokukhawuleza, fowunela iinkonzo zongxamiseko ngokukhawuleza. Khumbula, ukucela uncedo akubonisi ubuthathaka, luphawu lwamandla.

Ingxaki Yokwenene Ebangelwa Yingqondo Yakho, Isifo sikaMunchausen, Impilo Yengqondo, Iimpawu Zobuxoki, Ukuzilimaza, Isifo Sengqondo, Unyango