Ngaba umntu wakho omdala unazo ezi mpawu? Masifunde nge-hydrocephalus yoxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo (NPH)

Ngaba wakha waphawula ukuba umama wakho, utata, okanye umakhulu wakho osele ekhulile ulahlekelwa yinkumbulo yakhe kwaye ufumana kunzima ukuhamba njengoko ekhula? Ngamanye amaxesha sicinga ukuba ezi zizinto eziqhelekileyo ezenzeka njengoko sikhula. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha kunokubakho esinye isizathu sezi meko. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngemeko ekhethekileyo enokujongeka njenge-dementia, kodwa enokunyangeka xa inyangwa . Leyo yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus)` okanye `(NPH)`.

Yintoni `(I-Hydrocephalus yoxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo - i-NPH)`?

Ngamafutshane, `(I-Hydrocephalus yoxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo)` okanye `(NPH)` yimeko apho ulwelo luqokelelana ngaphakathi okanye lujikeleze ingqondo yethu, luphazamisana nokusebenza kwengqondo . Cinga ngayo njengebhakethi egcwele amanzi. Oku kunokuchaphazela imisebenzi emininzi elawulwa yingqondo, njengokucinga, ukugxila, inkumbulo, kunye nokuhamba. Into ekhethekileyo kukuba nangona iimpawu zoku zifana kakhulu ne-dementia, imeko `(NPH)` ngamanye amaxesha inokunyangeka kwaye inyangeke .

Ngubani ochaphazeleka kakhulu yile meko `(NPH)`?

Le meko, ebizwa ngokuba yi-``(NPH)`` , ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala. Umngcipheko wokufumana le meko uyanda xa umntu ekhula. Idla ngokuqala malunga neminyaka engama-70 ubudala.

Ukukhula kweminyaka yeyona nto iphambili ebangela oku. Izinto ezifana nohlanga, umbala, kunye nesini aziyichaphazeli le nto.

Ixhaphake kangakanani `(NPH)`?

Nangona ingaqhelekanga kangako, i-NPH yimeko eyaziwayo phakathi koogqirha. Kuqikelelwa ukuba malunga ne-0.2% yabantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-70 nama-80 ubudala banale meko, kwaye malunga ne-5.9% yabantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-80 ubudala banayo. Oko kuthetha ukuba malunga ne-8.4 yezigidi zabantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-80 kwihlabathi liphela banengxaki yesi sifo. Ngokutsho kweengcali, ayiqhelekanga kakhulu kubantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala, ichaphazela kuphela i-0.003% yaloo minyaka.

Kwenzeka ntoni xa une-`(NPH)`? Ichaphazela njani ingqondo?

I-NPH ibangelwa kukuqokelelana kolwelo olubizwa ngokuba yi-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) engqondweni . Olu lwelo lufana namanzi. Luyondla ingqondo kwaye lususe inkunkuma. Ingqondo yomntu omdala eqhelekileyo ine-150 milliliters (5 ounces) ye-CSF. Oko kungaphantsi kwesiqingatha senani elikwibhotile yeCoke. Imizimba yethu ihlala isenza, ijikeleza, kwaye ifunxa olu lwelo ukuze ilugcine lukwinqanaba elifanayo.

Nangona olu lwelo luncinci ngobuninzi, ludlala indima enkulu. Olu lwelo "(CSF)" lujikeleza ingqondo yethu kunye nomqolo ngaphakathi komqolo. Ngamanye amazwi, ingqondo yethu idada kolu lwelo . Lukwasebenza njengomqamelo okhusela ingqondo kunye nomqolo kwiingxaki zangaphandle.

Ngoko ke, ukuba umzimba wethu awukwazi ukuhambisa olu lwelo "(CSF)" ngokufanelekileyo okanye ukulufunxa kwakhona, olu lwelo luqala ukuqokelelana ngaphezu kokuba kufanele lungene ngaphakathi ekhakhayini.

Kwi-`(NPH)`, olu lwelo luqokelelana kancinci, ngoko ke nangona uxinzelelo olungaphakathi kwekhakayi `(Intracranial Pressure)` lunyukile, luhlala lukwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo . (Yiyo loo nto ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-`(Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus)` - "Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus"). Kuba, ngaphakathi kwengqondo yethu kukho imingxunya egcwele ulwelo ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Ventricles)`, enokusingatha ezinye zezi zinto ziqokelelana ulwelo.

Kodwa, njengoko i-`(CSF)` iqhubeka iqokelelana, akukho ndawo apho olo lwelo lunokuhamba khona. Emva koko, ingqondo iqala ukudumba nokudumba . Yiyo loo nto ibangela iimpawu zesi sifo. Ukuba ingqondo idumba ngolu hlobo ixesha elide, uxinzelelo lunokubangela umonakalo ongunaphakade kwizicubu zengqondo, okanye lude luyitshabalalise.

Zithini iimpawu ze-`(NPH)`?

Iimpawu ze-`(NPH)` zihlala zikhula kancinci, zikhula kancinci kancinci kwixesha leenyanga ezintathu ukuya kwezintandathu . Kukho iimpawu ezintathu eziphambili ze-`(NPH)`, ezaziwa ngokuba yiHakim's Triad . Phakathi kwama-50% nama-75% abantu abane-`(NPH)` baneempawu ezintathu ngaxeshanye. I-Hakim's Triad ibandakanya ezi ntlobo zintathu zilandelayo zeempawu:

• Iingxaki zokuhamba
• Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba komchamo
• Ubunzima bokuqonda

Ubunzima bokuhamba

Ezi ziingxaki zokuhambahamba ezinxulumene nokuhamba. Olu phawu lolona luxhaphakileyo kwezi zintathu. Phakathi kwama-80% nama-95% abantu abane-NPH banezi mpawu. Ezinye zeempawu zinokufana neengxaki zokuhambahamba zesifo sikaParkinson , kodwa umahluko ophambili kukuba kwi-NPH, ezi mpawu zihlala ziphela emilenzeni nasezinyaweni.

Ukuba unayo `(NPH)`, ezi zinto zinokwenzeka:

• Kuba nzima ukuphakamisa imilenze . Oku kwenza imilenze ibonakale inamathele emhlabeni xa uhamba. Kuthiwa kufana nobunzima bokuzama ukususa imagnethi kumphezulu.
• Iinyawo zincinci kwaye ziyashukuma . Oku kwenza kubonakale ngathi imilenze iyarhuqa xa uhamba. Kukwakho nethuba elikhulu lokukhubeka nokuwa.
• Ukuhamba kusenokuma ngequbuliso okanye uhambe ungaqinisekanga . Kusenokubonakala ngathi awukwazi ukugqiba ukuba uthathe inyathelo okanye uqhubeke phambili emva kokuba uqale ukuhamba. Usenokuthandabuza xa ujika kakhulu ngelixa uhamba, kwaye unokuba nobunzima bokujika.
• Xa uhamba, iinzwane zeenyawo zijongiswe ngaphandle . Oku kubavumela ukuba basasaze imilenze yabo baze bahambe besiya kwelinye icala, njengephengwini.

Ukungakwazi ukulawula umchamo

Oku kukulahlekelwa kulawulo lwesinyi kunye nokuvuza komchamo ngokungazi. Kwinqanaba lokuqala, ungaziva ufuna ukuchama rhoqo, okanye ungaziva ufuna ukuchama ngequbuliso, kunzima ukulawula.

Abantu abanale mpawu banokuziva behlazekile xa belahlekelwa lulawulo lomchamo wabo. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu abakuqondi oku, kwaye baziva behlazekile.Akubonakali ngathi kunjalo. Oku kusenokuba kungenxa yobunzima bokucinga, olu luphawu lwesithathu lwe-triad kaHakeem.

Ubunzima bokucinga nokukhumbula

Uphawu lwesithathu oluphambili lwe-NPH bubunzima bokucinga kunye nenkumbulo. Oku kunokubangela izinto ezinje:

• Ukucotha kwengqondo nokomzimba . Umntu ubonakala ecinga kwaye esenza izinto kancinci kunesiqhelo.
• Iingxaki zenkumbulo . Uhlala ulibale izinto kwaye ubonakala ngathi usebenza ngaphandle kokucinga.
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwamalungu omzimba : Ubunzima bokulawula iimvakalelo, iingcinga, kunye nezenzo. Ubunzima bokugxila, ukwenza izigqibo, kunye nokuba nengxaki yokucinga ngokucacileyo.
• Utshintsho kwiimvakalelo . Abantu abane-NPH banokubonakala bengenamdla baze baphelelwe ngumdla kwizinto ababezithanda ngaphambili.

Zithini izizathu ze-`(NPH)`?

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-`(NPH)`, zombini ezenzeka ngendlela efanayo. Ezi ntlobo zimbini zezi:

• I-NPH eyintloko (idiopathic)
• I-NPH yesibini

Eyona nto iphambili (isizathu asikaziwa) `(NPH)`

I-NPH eyintloko ithetha ukuba ayibangelwa yenye imeko yezonyango. Elinye igama lale nto yi -idiopathic , eligama elisetyenziswa ziingcali ukuchaza iimeko eziphuhla ngaphandle kwesizathu esithile . Iingcali zikholelwa ukuba i-idiopathic NPH inokunxulunyaniswa nengxaki enye okanye ezingaphezulu ezenzeka ngokwaluphala kwindlela imizimba yethu eyenza, ijikeleze, kwaye ifunxe kwakhona ulwelo lwe-cerebrospinal (CSF). Malunga nesiqingatha sabo bonke abaguli be-NPH bawela kolu didi.

Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, imizimba yethu ivelisa phakathi kwama-400 nama-600 milliliters e-`(CSF)` ngosuku. Oko kungaphezulu kakhulu kunokuba sikudingayo. Ke ngoko, kufuneka siqhubeke sifunxa i-`(CSF)` endala ukuze senze indawo ye-`(CSF)` entsha. Ukuba kukho ingxaki ngendlela i-`(CSF)` ejikeleza ngayo okanye efunxwa ngayo kwakhona, olu lwelo lunokwakheka kuba umzimba wenza i-`(CSF)` engaphezulu kunokuba uyidingayo.

Kukwakho nobungqina bokuba i-NPH isenokunxulunyaniswa nezifo zobuchopho eziwohlokayo ezifana nesifo sika-Alzheimer kunye ne-Lewy body dementia . Abaphandi basazama ukufumanisa ukuba i-NPH ikhula njani kwaye kutheni, kwaye ingaba ezinye iimeko zinokuyichaphazela na. Ukuphendula le mibuzo kunokunceda ukuthintela okanye ukunyanga ngcono imeko kwixesha elizayo.

Isibini `(NPH)`

I-NPH yesibini yenzeka xa enye imeko yezonyango ichaphazela indlela umzimba wethu ovelisa, ojikeleza ngayo, okanye ofunxa ngayo ulwelo lwe-cerebrospinal (CSF). Ezinye iimeko ezinokubangela i-NPH yesibini ziquka:

• I-brain aneurysm (ukudumba komthambo wegazi okunokuqhekeka kuphume igazi liye kwizicubu zobuchopho).
• Ukopha ngaphakathi okanye kufutshane nobuchopho (Intracranial hemorrhage).
• Iithumba zobuchopho (kuquka nomhlaza)
• Usulelo lobuchopho okanye iindawo ezinxulumeneyo zenkqubo yemithambo-luvo (umzekelo , i-encephalitis okanye i-meningitis ).
• Istroke .
• Ukulimala kwengqondo okubuhlungu (iTBI) kubandakanya ukwenzakala engqondweni okanye kwiindawo ezinxulumene noko ngexesha lonyango.

Ifunyaniswa njani i-`(NPH)`?

Ukuchonga i-NPH kunzima kancinci, kuba uninzi lweempawu zale meko ziyafana nezezinye izifo ezinxulumene nokuguga, ezifana ne -dementia . I-NPH ikwaqhelekile xa idibene nezinye izifo ezinxulumene nokuguga. Malunga nama-30% abantu abane-NPH banesifo se-Alzheimer okanye isifo sengqondo esifanayo.

Ugqirha uxilonga i-NPH esebenzisa indibaniselwano yezi ndlela zilandelayo:

• Uvavanyo lomzimba nolwemithambo-luvo . Kulo mzekelo, ugqirha ukhangela iimpawu ezibonakalayo zokugula. Ukwavavanya neemvakalelo zakho (ukubona, ukuva, ukuchukumisa), ukusabela komzimba, kunye namandla emisipha yamalungu akho.
• Ukubuza ngembali yakho yezonyango kunye neempawu . Iirekhodi zakho zezonyango, imbali yezonyango, kunye neempawu zinokubonelela ngezikhokelo ezibalulekileyo zokufumanisa i-NPH.
• Uvavanyo lokuxilonga . Uvavanyo lwe-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lulona sixhobo sibalulekileyo ekuxilongeni i-NPH. Oku kuvumela ugqirha ukuba ajonge ngaphakathi entlokweni yakho aze abone ubuchopho kunye neendawo apho ulwelo luqokelele khona. Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela i- cistenogram scan , kodwa oku akuqhelekanga. Uvavanyo lwe-computed tomography (CT) scans lunokunceda ekuthinteleni ezinye iimeko, kodwa aluncedi kakhulu ekuxilongeni i-NPH.
• Uvavanyo lwelabhoratri . Ukugqobhoza i-lumbar ( inkqubo equka ukuthatha ulwelo oluncinci kumqolo) kuvumela ugqirha ukuba athathe isampuli yolwelo lwe-cerebrospinal (CSF) ukuze ivavanywe. Oku akunakuyixilonga ngokuthe ngqo i-NPH, kodwa kunokunceda ukuthintela ezinye iimeko. Kunokunceda ukufumanisa ukuba i-NPH ibangelwa yenye imeko, efana ne-meningitis. Ukugqobhoza i-lumbar kungasusa nenye ye-CSF egqithisileyo, enokuthi inciphise okwethutyana iimpawu (kodwa iimpawu ziya kubuya xa i-CSF yongezwa kwakhona).

Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zakho, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela nezinye iimvavanyo. Ezi zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukuthintela ezinye iimeko ezineempawu ezifanayo neze-NPH. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela okungakumbi ngezi mvavanyo kunye nesizathu sokuba zibalulekile.

Inyangwa njani `(NPH)`? Ngaba ikho indlela yokunyanga le nto?

Uninzi lwexesha, i-NPH yimeko enokunyangwa.Unyango luyahluka ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni i-NPH yeyona nto iphambili/engaqhelekanga okanye eyesibini. Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iingxaki ezininzi zobuchopho, amayeza awasetyenziswa rhoqo ukunyanga i-NPH. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-NPH ayisoloko isabela kumayeza (nangona ezinye iimpawu ezinxulumene ne-NPH zinokunyangwa ngamayeza).

Unyango lwe-primary/idiopathic `(NPH)`

Isizathu esiyintloko/esingaziwayo (i-NPH) sidla ngokunyangwa. Olona nyango luqhelekileyo - noluphumeleleyo - loku kukufakwa kwesixhobo ngotyando esibizwa ngokuba yi-shunt . I-shunt ineetyhubhu ezimbini (ii-catheters), enye yokuvumela ulwelo lungene kwaye enye yokukhupha, kunye nevalvu phakathi kwezi zimbini. Ukuba ii-ventricles zobuchopho zizele kakhulu lulwelo, uxinzelelo olongezelelekileyo lunyanzela ulwelo lungene kwityhubhu yokungena, luvule ivalvu kwaye luvumele ulwelo olugqithisileyo ukuba luphume ngetyhubhu yokukhupha.

Ezinye iivalvu ezintsha ze-shunt zenziwe "zilungele ukucwangciswa," oko kuthetha ukuba ugqirha unokutshintsha useto lwazo ngaphandle kotyando. Ziyabonakala kwi-"X-ray," ngoko ugqirha unokujonga ivalvu aze aqinisekise ukuba useto luchanekile. Ezinye iivalvu ezintsha "zikhuselekile kwi-MRI," oko kuthetha ukuba ungenza iskeni ye-"MRI" nokuba unolu hlobo lwevalvu.

Umbhobho wokukhupha amanzi uphuma ngomngxuma omncinci kwikhakayi (ugqirha wenza lo mngxuma ngexesha lotyando ukuze afake i-shunt). Emva kokuphuma kwikhakayi, umbhobho ujika uye ezantsi uze ungene phantsi kwesikhumba. Lo mbhobho wokukhupha amanzi uqondisa ulwelo esifubeni okanye esiswini.

Ukuba ityhubhu ijoliswe esiswini (esiqhelekileyo sisenziwa), ulwelo lutsalwa kwi-peritoneum, i-membrane ejikeleze amalungu amaninzi esiswini. Ukuba ijoliswe esifubeni, i-CSF itsalwa kwi-membrane ye-pleural ejikeleze imiphunga.

Isibini `(NPH)`

I-NPH yesibini inokunyangeka, kodwa kuphela ukuba imeko ibangelwa yimeko enokunyangwa . Unyango lwe-NPH yesibini lunokwahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu esiyintloko. Ugqirha wakho ngumntu ongcono ukuthetha naye malunga nonyango olufumanekayo kunye noko bakucebisayo.

Zithini iziphumo okanye iingxaki zonyango?

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zokunyanga i-NPH ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kunyango. Kwi-NPH yokuqala/engaziwayo, unyango oluqhelekileyo kukufaka i-shunt ngotyando ukuthintela i-CSF egqithisileyo ukuba ingaqokeleli ngaphakathi kwentloko. Ezinye zeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zolu tyando ziquka (kodwa azipheleli apho):

• Iintsholongwane
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle okanye ukungaphumeleli kwe-shunt
• Ukutshintsha kwesithuba kwivalvu kunye/okanye kwiityhubhu
• Ukuvuza okugqithisileyo kwe-`(CSF)` nge-shunt (oku kubangela ukwehla koxinzelelo lwe-`(CSF)`, olukwabizwa ngokuba yi -`(Intracranial hypotension)` ).

Kwi-NPH yesibini, unyango olufumanekayo lunokwahluka. Kwakhona, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye neengxaki zinokuhluka. Ke ngoko, ugqirha wakho ngumntu ongcono ukukuxelela ukuba zeziphi iingxaki okanye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga onokuzilindela kunye noko kunokwenziwa ngazo.

Ndingazilawula njani iimpawu ukuba andizinyamekeli?

I-NPH ayisiyongxaki onokuyixilonga okanye uyinyange wedwa. Ngoko ke, musa ukuyityeshela le mpawu okanye uzame ukuzinyanga wena okanye omnye umntu onale mpawu wedwa .

Ndiza kuziva bhetele nini emva konyango? Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba ndiphile emva konyango?

Iimpawu zale meko zinokuqala ukuphucuka phantse ngoko nangoko xa kufakwa i-shunt. Okukhona ukuxilongwa nonyango lusenziwa ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona luphumelela ngakumbi.

Uninzi lwabantu lubona ukwehla kweempawu kwiiyure okanye iintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokufakwa kwe-shunt. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba i-shunt lutyando olukhulu, kungathatha abantu abaninzi iintsuku okanye iiveki ukuba baphile kuyo. Ugqirha wakho kuphela onokukuxelela ngokuthe ngqo ukuba kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuze uphile emva kotyando, njengoko zininzi izinto ezichaphazela ixesha lakho lokuchacha.

Ngaba ndingayinciphisa ingozi yokuphuhlisa isifo (i-NPH) okanye ndiyithintele ngokupheleleyo?

I-NPH yenzeka ngequbuliso, kwaye malunga nesiqingatha samatyala ayi-idiopathic, oko kuthetha ukuba aphuhla ngaphandle kwesizathu esaziwayo. I-Idiopathic NPH ayinakuthintelwa , kwaye nomngcipheko wokuyifumana awunakuncitshiswa.

Nangona kunjalo, unganciphisa umngcipheko wakho wokuba ne-NPH yesibini ngokuphepha ezinye izifo okanye iimeko ezinokubangela le meko. Nazi ezinye izinto onokuzenza:

• Musa ukungazinanzi iintsholongwane , ingakumbi ezo zibangelwa ngamehlo neendlebe. Ezi zinokusasazeka ngokulula ziye engqondweni zize zibangele izifo ezifana ne -encephalitis okanye i-meningitis .
• Nxiba izixhobo zokuzikhusela . Ukulimala kwengqondo okubangelwa kukwenzakala kunokubangela i-NPH yesibini. Ukunxiba izixhobo zokuzikhusela ezifana nesigcina-ntloko kunokunceda ukuthintela ezi nzakala.
• Lawula imeko yakho yempilo . Iimeko ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu zinokubangela i-brain aneurysms kunye nokopha kwegazi engqondweni. Zombini ezi zinto zinokubangela i-NPH. Ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi lwakho kunye nokulawula iimeko ezifana nesifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini okanye i-cholesterol ephezulu kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wezi ngxaki.

Yintoni endimele ndiyilindele ukuba ndine `(NPH)`?

I-NPH yimeko ekhethekileyo yeemeko ezifana ne-dementia kuba idla ngokuguqulwa . Nangona kunjalo, ithuba elihle lokuguqula le meko kukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango kwangoko . Okukhona ukuxilongwa kunye nonyango luvela kade, kokukhona kunokwenzeka ukuba umonakalo engqondweni obangelwa luxinzelelo uya kuba ngunaphakade kwaye ube mkhulu.

Ngenxa yokuba i-NPH idla ngokuchaphazela amandla akho okucinga, abantu abaninzi abanale meko abazi ukuba banayo. Usapho, abahlobo, kunye nabantu obaqhelileyo badla ngokuba ngabokuqala ukuqaphela iimpawu ze-NPH . Oku kuthetha ukuba abantu obathandayo banokudlala indima enkulu ekufumaneni i-NPH ixilongwe kwaye inyangwe kwangethuba.

Lingakanani ixesha `(NPH)` likho?

I-NPH yimeko engapheliyo . Iimpawu zikhula kancinci kancinci kwixesha leenyanga ezintathu ukuya kwezintandathu. Nangona kunjalo, i-NPH ayibi ngcono ngokwayo; iyaqhubeka nokuba mandundu. Njengoko isiba mandundu, ekugqibeleni inokubangela umonakalo omkhulu nongapheliyo engqondweni.

Nangona i-NPH isenokungabi yintlekele ngokwayo, inokubangela iimpawu ezenza kube nzima kwaye ekugqibeleni kungenzeki ukuba umntu aphile ngokuzimela. Inganegalelo kwiingxaki ezinzulu nezisongela ubomi, ezifana nokuwa.

Ngonyango, iimpawu eziphambili ze-`(NPH)` zinokuphucuka. Ngonyango, amathuba okuba ezo mpawu zintathu ziphucuke ngala alandelayo:

• Ubunzima bokuhamba : Ezi mpawu ziyaphela kwi-85% yezigulana ezinyangiweyo.
• Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba : Olu phawu luyanyangeka kwi-80% yeemeko ukuba lunyangwa kwangethuba. Amathuba okuphiliswa aphakathi kwe-50% kunye ne-60% ukuba lunyangwa kwangethuba.
• Ubunzima bokucinga nokukhumbula : Ezi mpawu ziyaphucuka kwi-80% yezigulana ezinyangiweyo.

Iyintoni ikamva lale meko?

Imbonakalo ye-`(NPH)` inokwahluka kakhulu. Izizathu zoku zezi:

• Kunzima ukuyifumanisa i-NPH kuba iimpawu zayo ziyafana nezo ziqhelekileyo xa uluphala, okanye nezinye izifo ezinxulumene nokwaluphala.
• Iimpawu ze-`(NPH)` ziqhubeka kancinci kancinci.
• Malunga nesithathu sabantu abane-NPH nabo banesifo sengqondo esiwohlokayo njengesifo sika-Alzheimer.
• I-NPH iba yinto eqhelekileyo njengoko sikhula, kwaye iimeko ezininzi zempilo ezinxulumene nobudala zinokuba negalelo kwaye zibe mandundu kwi-NPH.
• Ngenxa yokuba iimpawu ze-`(NPH)` zichaphazela amandla akho okucinga, usenokungakwazi ukuzazi iimpawu zakho ngokwakho.

Izinto ezichaphazela iziphumo ze-`(NPH)`

Ukuba ezi zinto zikhona, amathuba okufumana iziphumo ezilungileyo kwi-`(NPH)` aphezulu:

• Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango.
• Ubunzima bokuhamba kunye/okanye ukulawula umchamo kulandelwa bubunzima bokucinga kunye nenkumbulo.
• I-NPH yesibini yenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezinokunyangeka okanye ezinokuthi ziguqulwe.
• Xa i-CSF isusiwe ngexesha lokubhobozwa kwe-lumbar, iimpawu ze-NPH ziyancipha.

Amathuba okufumana iziphumo ezilungileyo aphantsi ukuba kukho ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ukulibaziseka ekuxilongweni nasekunyangweni.
• Ukuqala kwangoko kweengxaki zokucinga kunye nokukhumbula, ingakumbi ukuba ziqala ngaphambi kokuba kube nzima ukuhamba okanye ukulawula umchamo.
• Ukucinga okunzulu kunye nobunzima bokukhumbula.
• Ukuba nezinye izifo zengqondo (ingakumbi izifo zengqondo eziwohlokayo ezifana nesifo sika-Alzheimer).

Ngenxa yokuba zininzi izinto ezichaphazela isiphumo, ugqirha wakho ngoyena mntu ulungileyo onokuthetha naye malunga nesiphumo esinokwenzeka kuwe okanye kumntu omthandayo onale meko. Ulwazi abalunikayo luya kuquka imbali yakho yezonyango, ubukhali beempawu zakho, unyango olunokwenzeka, kunye nezinye iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo.

Ndingazinyamekela njani (emva kokuba ndibe ne-shunt)?

Ukuba une-NPH, unyango olunokwenzeka kakhulu oluya kulufumana kukutyandwa ukuze kufakwe i-shunt ukuthintela ulwelo ukuba lungaqokeleli engqondweni. Ukuba une-shunt, kudla ngokubakho izinto ezimbalwa onokuzenza ukunceda ukuthintela iingxaki:

• Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho emva kotyando . Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunyamekela iindawo apho kwakufakwa khona izititshi okanye iistaple. Ukuzinyamekela kakuhle ezi zinto kunokunceda ukuthintela iingxaki ezifana nosulelo.
• Musa ukusebenzisa iimagnethi ukuba kuyimfuneko . Ayizizo zonke ii-shunt ezineevalvu zemagnethi, ngoko ke oku akufunekanga wonke umntu one-shunt akwenze. Ugqirha wakho uza kuthetha nawe ngale nto.
• Lumka ngeentshukumo kunye nemisebenzi . Ziphephe imisebenzi yomzimba enokuchaphazela i-shunt, ityhubhu, okanye nantoni na enye.
• Bona ugqirha wakho njengoko kucetyisiwe . Kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha wakho rhoqo ukuze uthintele iingxaki ezivela kule meko. Ngexesha lotyelelo, ugqirha wakho unokujonga imeko yakho aze alungise i-shunt ukuba kuyimfuneko.
• Lumka kwiimpawu . Ukuba ubona naziphi na iimpawu ze-`(NPH)` ziphinda zivele, xelela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza. Iimpawu eziphinda zibuye zinokubonisa ingxaki kwi-shunt. Okukhona iimpawu ziqhubeka ixesha elide kwaye zisiba mandundu, kokukhona umngcipheko weengxaki uphezulu.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha wam?

Kufuneka ubone ugqirha wakho njengoko kucetyisiwe. Kufuneka ubone ugqirha wakho ukuba ubona naziphi na iimpawu zakho ze-NPH eziphinda zibuye, okanye ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezintsha (nokuba zibonakala zingahambelani).

Ndingaya nini kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU) ?

Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ngeempawu ezinokubonisa iingxaki okanye iingxaki ezinokubakho. Ezinye zeempawu ezinokufuna unyango olukhawulezileyo ziquka:

• Intloko ebuhlungu . Intloko ebuhlungu ephazamisana nemisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo, ingakumbi ukuba iqala okanye iba mandundu xa uhleli okanye umi ngeenyawo. Ezi zinokubangelwa yingxaki ye-shunt (ukuba ayikhuphi i-CSF ngokwaneleyo), okanye ukuba i-shunt ayisebenzi kakuhle.
• Umkhuhlane okanye ukubanda . Iintsholongwane zinokuvela emva kotyando lwe-shunt. Ezi ntsholongwane zinokuchaphazela ingqondo yakho, umqolo, okanye i-peritoneum, kwaye zinokusasazeka ngokukhawuleza. Ungaze uzityeshele iimpawu zosulelo emva kotyando (NPH).
• Intamo eqinileyo . Oku kungaba yingxaki kwi-shunt okanye kwindlela yokuphuma kwegazi.
• Intlungu esiswini okanye esifubeni apho kukho khona umbhobhoUkuba umbhobho wokukhupha amanzi uyaphuma, unokucinezela okanye wonakalise izicwili ezikufutshane. Ukuba unentlungu kwezi ndawo, ingakumbi intlungu ekhawulezileyo neqatha, kufuneka utsalele umnxeba ugqirha wakho okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka ngokukhawuleza.

Kusenokuba kukho ezinye iimpawu ekufuneka uzazi, kwaye ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela okungakumbi ngazo. Ukwangumntu ofanelekileyo ukuphendula imibuzo malunga nento onokuyenza ukuthintela ezi ngxaki.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-`(Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus - NPH)` kunye ne-`(Hydrocephalus)`?

I-NPH yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-hydrocephalus (intloko yamanzi) ekhula kancinci kwaye iba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha. "Uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo" luthetha ukuba uxinzelelo olungaphakathi kwentloko yakho (uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi kwentloko - ICP) aluphezulu ngendlela engaqhelekanga okanye eyingozi. Kwezi meko, inqanaba lakho le-ICP lisenokuba kufutshane nesiphelo esiphezulu soluhlu olulindelekileyo. Oku kwenzeka kancinci, kucinezelwa kwaye kucinezelwa izicubu zobuchopho bakho. Uxinzelelo luqhelekile, ngoko ke ingqondo inexesha lokukhupha ulwelo, nto leyo ekugqibeleni ebangela iimpawu.

Okokugqibela, yintoni ekufuneka uyikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Uxinzelelo Oluqhelekileyo I-Hydrocephalus (NPH) yimeko engaqhelekanga edla ngokuchaphazela abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala. Inokuba yi-idiopathic, ebangelwa lusulelo olufana ne-meningitis, okanye ebangelwa kukwenzakala kwenxalenye yobuchopho. Le meko inokubangela iimpawu ezifana ne-dementia , ezichaphazela ukuhamba, ukucinga, kunye nokukwazi ukulawula umchamo.

Iimeko ezininzi ezibonakala ngathi yi-dementia ziba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye kunzima ukuzinyanga nokuzilawula. Nangona kunjalo, i-NPH idla ngokunyangwa, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha inokuguqulwa . Ithuba elihle lokubuyisela imiphumo ye-NPH kukuba ifunyaniswe kwangethuba kwaye inyangwe kwangethuba. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukungazihoyi iimpawu zakho okanye ezomntu omthandayo. Ngonyango olukhawulezileyo, abantu abaninzi abane-NPH banokuchacha kwaye baphinde bafumane uninzi - okanye zonke - izakhono zabo ezazikho ngaphambili.

Khumbula, ukuba unamathandabuzo malunga noku, kungcono ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha.

Uxinzelelo engqondweni, i-NPH, ukwaluphala, ubunzima bokuhamba, ulawulo lomchamo, ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, utyando lwe-shunt