Ngaba umntwana wakho ubonakala engenalo ingqalelo? Masifunde ngakumbi ngamayeza e-ADHD.

Ukuba umntwana one-ADHD makanikwe amayeza okanye angawani yinto abazali abasoloko beyicinga. Mhlawumbi nawe ukhe wazibuza into efanayo ngomntwana wakho. Mhlawumbi unemibuzo emininzi engqondweni yakho, efana nokuba zeziphi amayeza anikwayo kwesi simo esibizwa ngokuba yi-ADHD, asebenza njani, kwaye nokuba aza kumnceda umntwana okanye aza kubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngazo zonke ezo zinto ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni amayeza e-ADHD?

Ngamafutshane, emva kokuba ugqirha eqinisekisile ukuba umntwana unesifo sokungakwazi ukuqwalasela/sokungakwazi ukusebenza kakuhle (ADHD) , eli yeza linikwa umntwana ukuze ahlangabezane nezo mpawu aze enze imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba la mayeza awanakunyanga ngokupheleleyo i-ADHD. Nangona kunjalo, anokunceda kakhulu umntwana ukuba andise amandla akhe okugxila, asebenze kancinci, aze akwazi ukuzibamba.

Ngaba abantwana bayayidinga ngokwenene imithi ye-ADHD?

Lo ngumbuzo abantu abaninzi abawubuzayo. Ayinguye wonke umntwana one-ADHD odinga amayeza. Nangona kunjalo, kubantwana abaninzi, eli yeza libanceda banikele ingqalelo ixesha elide, bamamele ngcono abanye, kwaye bangaguquguquki kakhulu.

Khawucinge nje, eli yeza linceda kwizinto ezifana nokumamela utitshala eklasini, ukwenza umsebenzi wesikolo ngokufanelekileyo, njalo njalo.

Kwakhona, unyango lokuziphatha lunokuba luncedo kakhulu ekuncedeni abantwana bafunde ukulawula ukuziphatha kwabo, bahlale becwangcisiwe, kwaye balinde ithuba labo ngaphandle kokuphazamisa abanye. Amayeza ayisiyiyo indlela emfutshane yokufika koku. Umntwana usadinga ukusebenza nzima ukuze afunde ezi ndlela zokuziphatha kunye nezakhono. Amayeza ayabanceda bagxile ngcono ngelixa befunda ezi zinto.

Khumbula, amayeza yinxalenye enye yonyango lwe-ADHD. Unyango lokuziphatha, uqeqesho lwabazali, kunye nenkxaso yesikolo zonke ziyinxalenye yalo. Kubantwana abaninzi, indibaniselwano yonyango lokuziphatha kunye namayeza yeyona isebenzayo.

Amayeza e-ADHD asebenza njani?

Le yingxaki yesayensi kancinci, kodwa ngokulula, inje: Amayeza e-ADHD asebenza ngokuphucula ukusebenza kweekhemikhali ezithile zobuchopho ezihlala zikhona engqondweni yethu.

La mayeza ajolise kakhulu kwiikhemikhali ezimbini ezikwingqondo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-dopamine kunye ne-norepinephrine . La mayeza mabini achaphazela ingqalelo yethu kunye nokugxila kwethu. Ngoko ke, la mayeza anceda ukulinganisela la machiza kwaye asincede sihlale sigxile.

Uthatha njani amayeza e-ADHD?

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamayeza kubantwana nakubantu abadala abancinci abane-ADHD. La mayeza adla ngokuthathwa kanye okanye kabini ngemini, kuxhomekeke kumayeza. Onke la mayeza kufuneka athathwe ngomyalelo kagqirha.

Uninzi lwala mayeza uwasela ngomlomo. Afika ngohlobo lweepilisi, iipilisi ezihlafunwayo, kunye neepilisi ezinyibilikayo. Okanye, afika ngohlobo lweekhaphu oziginyayo, okanye ungavula ikhaphu uze wongeze amayeza ekutyeni. Amanye amayeza afika ngohlobo lolwelo okanye amabala owasebenzisa eluswini.

Zeziphi iintlobo zamayeza ezikhoyo?

Singathetha kakhulu ngeentlobo ezimbini zamayeza:

1. Izinto ezivuselelayo

Amanye amayeza aphambili kolu didi aquka i-methylphenidate – osenokuba ukhe weva ngayo phantsi kwamagama eempawu ezifana neRitalin, Concerta, Focalin, kunye neDaytrana – kunye nee-amphetamines – ezifana neAdderall, Dexedrine, kunye neVyvanse.

Izikhuthazi ziqala ukusebenza kwangoko emva kokuba zisele amayeza. Ixesha ezihlala ngalo liyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwiyeza:

• Amayeza asebenza ixesha elifutshane asebenza kuphela malunga neeyure ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6.
• Amayeza asebenza ixesha elide ahlala emzimbeni kangangeeyure ezili-10 ukuya kwezili-12. La mayeza asebenza ixesha elide aluncedo kakhulu kubantwana abadala nakubantwana abancinci abaneentsuku ezinde zesikolo, umsebenzi wesikolo ngokuhlwa, kunye nemisebenzi yangaphandle kwesikolo efuna ingqalelo.

2. Izinto ezingakhuthaziyo

Amanye amayeza akule klasi aquka i-atomoxetine (ekwaziwa ngokuba yiStrattera ), i-clonidine ( igama lophawu iKapvay), i-guanfacine ( igama lophawu i-Intuniv), kunye ne -viloxazine ( igama lophawu iQuelbree).

Ezi zinto zingakhuthaziyo zingathatha iiveki ezimbalwa ukuqala ukusebenza, kodwa xa ziqala ukusebenza, zihlala malunga neeyure ezingama-24.

Ungayinika njani amayeza?

Ngaphambi kokuba unike umntwana wakho amayeza, iqela lezempilo liza kukubuza ngamanye amayeza asetyenziswa ngumntwana wakho. Oku kuquka amayeza athengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha, izongezo ezifana neevithamini kunye namayeza esintu. Baya kufuna nokwazi imbali yezonyango yosapho lwakho , ingakumbi ukuba kukho nabani na kusapho lwakho oye waba okanye wakha waba neemeko ezifana nesifo sentliziyo.

Oogqirha badla ngokuqala ngedosi ephantsi yesikhuthazi. Xa umntwana wakho eqala ukuthatha amayeza amatsha e-ADHD okanye idosi entsha, ugqirha wakho uya kukuxelela ukuba ujonge kwaye ubone ukuba iyamnceda na umntwana wakho. Ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni amayeza anceda kangakanani na kwaye nokuba umntwana wakho uneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, ugqirha uya kulungisa idosi kunye nokuba inikwa kangaphi yonke imihla.

Wonke umntwana usabela ngendlela eyahlukileyo kumayeza. Ukuba amayeza okuqala anikwe wona abonakali esebenza nokuba sele enikwe idosi ephezulu, ugqirha wakho unokuzama amayeza ahlukileyo. Abanye abantwana banokufuna ukuthatha amayeza e-ADHD angaphezu kwelinye ukuze bafumane iziphumo ezilungileyo.

Unganceda njani njengomzali?

Uncedo lwakho kule meko luxabiseke kakhulu kumntwana.

• Qinisekisa ukuba umntwana wakho ulala ngokwaneleyo kwaye utya ukutya okunesondlo . Ezi zinto ziya kunceda kakhulu ekuncedeni umntwana wakho ukuba alawule i-ADHD.
• Sebenzisana neqela lakho lokhathalelo ukuze uyile ishedyuli yamayeza elungele usapho lwakho. Baza kukubuza ukuba umntwana wakho uqhuba njani ekhaya nasesikolweni. Thetha nootitshala bomntwana wakho rhoqo ukuze ufumane okungakumbi.
• Ukuba umntwana wakho ufumana naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezivela kumayeza, xelela ugqirha womntwana wakho ngoko nangoko.
• Yisa umntwana wakho kutyelelo olulandelayo rhoqo. Iqela lezonyango liza kujonga ubude bomntwana wakho, ubunzima bakhe, uxinzelelo lwegazi, kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo yakhe rhoqo. Liza kujonga nemiphumo emibi. Njengoko umntwana wakho ekhula, umthamo wamayeza unokufuneka ulungiswe. Kusenokufuneka ubone ugqirha amaxesha amaninzi, ngamanye amaxesha iiveki okanye iinyanga ezahlukeneyo, ukuze ufumane amayeza afanelekileyo kunye nomthamo womntwana wakho. Emva koko, kuya kufuneka ubone umntwana wakho rhoqo kwiinyanga ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6.

Ukuze uncede umntwana wakho kwaye uthintele iingxaki, yenza ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Nika kuphela idosi ecetyiswayo.
• Nika onke amayeza ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
• Musa ukuyeka ukuthatha amayeza okanye ukutshintsha umthamo ngaphandle kokuthetha nogqirha wakho.
• Gcina onke amayeza kwindawo ekhuselekileyo kude nabanye abantu, ingakumbi abantwana abancinci.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingozi?

Njengayo nayiphi na imithi, amayeza e-ADHD anokuba nemiphumo emibi. Nangona kunjalo, ayinguye wonke umntu ofumana iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo kukulahlekelwa yimfuno yokutya kunye nengxaki yokulala . Ukongeza, amayeza e-ADHD ngamanye amaxesha anokubangela ukuxhalaba , ukucaphuka ,Ukutshintshatshintsha kweemvakalelo, iintloko ezibuhlungu , isisu esibuhlungu , ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza , uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu , kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ukushukuma komzimba, okuyintshukumo eguquguqukayo yamalungu omzimba, kunokwenzeka.

Ezi ziphumo bezingalindelekanga zihlala zisenzeka kwiintsuku zokuqala emva kokuqala amayeza okanye xa umthamo unyusiwe. Uninzi lwazo ziyaphela zodwa kwiintsuku okanye kwiiveki ezimbalwa njengoko umzimba uqhelana namayeza.

Ukuba isiphumo esingesihle siyaqhubeka, ugqirha wakho unokugqiba ekubeni anciphise idosi okanye ayeke iyeza aze aqale elinye elahlukileyo. Amayeza e-ADHD ahlala emzimbeni wakho iiyure ezimbalwa kuphela, ngoko ke iziphumo ezingesihle ziya kuphela njengoko iyeza liphela.

Iqela lezonyango lomntwana wakho liza kukuxelela okungakumbi ngemiphumo emibi enokubakho yamayeza athile asetyenziswa ngumntwana wakho. Ukuba ubona nantoni na ekukhathazayo okanye ekukhathazayo ngomntwana wakho, thetha nogqirha womntwana wakho ngoko nangoko.

Abanye abazali bayathandabuza ukunika umntwana wabo amayeza e-ADHD. Oko kuyaqondakala. Nangona kunjalo, ukunika umntwana amayeza afanelekileyo, ngedosi efanelekileyo, kunokwenza umahluko omkhulu kwaye kunike isiqabu esikhulu kubantwana abaninzi. Thetha nogqirha womntwana wakho malunga noloyiko lwakho kunye nezinto ezikuxhalabisayo. Buza imibuzo. Iqela lezonyango liza kukunceda uthathe isigqibo sokuba ingaba licebo elihle na ukunika umntwana wakho amayeza okanye hayi.

Okokugqibela, umyalezo oya ekhaya

I-ADHD inokuba ngumceli mngeni kumntwana nakwintsapho yakhe, kodwa khumbula, awuwedwa.

• Amayeza e-ADHD yindlela yokunceda umntwana ngemisebenzi yemihla ngemihla aze agxile ekufundeni. Ayisosisombululo sipheleleyo.
• Iziphumo ezilungileyo zifumaneka xa la mayeza edityaniswa nonyango lokuziphatha, uqeqesho lwabazali, kunye nenkxaso evela esikolweni.
• Ukuba unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo malunga namayeza okanye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, xoxa ngazo ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho. Emva koko ungakhetha eyona ndlela ifanelekileyo kumntwana wakho.
• Yiba nomonde nothando nomntwana wakho. Inkxaso yakho ingamandla amakhulu kumntwana wakho ukuze adlule kolu hambo.

Siyathemba ukuba eli nqaku liza kukunceda ucinge ngekamva lomntwana wakho kwaye wenze izigqibo ezifanelekileyo.

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