Ngaba ufuna ukwazi yonke into malunga ne-COVID-19 ngendlela elula? Masithethe ngale nto!

I-COVID-19 ibe nefuthe elikhulu kubomi bethu bonke kule mihla, akunjalo? Mhlawumbi unemibuzo emininzi kunye nomdla malunga nale ntsholongwane, indlela yokuzikhusela kuyo, kunye neegonyo. Ungakhathazeki! Kweli nqaku, siza kuzama ukuthetha ngayo ngokulula nangendlela enobuhlobo, ngokungathi umhlobo okanye ilungu losapho lichaza ezi zinto kuwe.

Yintoni kanye kanye i-COVID-19? Masifunde ezinye izinto ezisisiseko

I-COVID-19, ngokufutshane, sisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yi-SARS-CoV-2 , echaphazela kakhulu inkqubo yokuphefumla. Yintsholongwane entsha, ngoko sonke besisoyika kancinci ekuqaleni, kwaye kufanelekile. Le ntsholongwane incinci kakhulu, asinakuyibona ngamehlo ethu, kodwa inokusasazeka ngokukhawuleza ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye. Khawuthelekelele, isasazeka njengohlaselo olufihlakeleyo.

Ngoko ke, oku kusasazeka njani?

• Isasazeka kakhulu ngamathontsi amancinci ('amathontsi') aphuma emlonyeni nasempumlweni xa umntu ekhohlela, ethimla, okanye ethetha . La mathontsi anokungena empumlweni, emlonyeni, nasemehlweni omntu okufutshane.
• Le ntsholongwane ingangena emzimbeni ukuba uchukumisa umphezulu (ofana netafile okanye isitshixo somnyango) onentsholongwane uze uchukumise amehlo, impumlo, okanye umlomo wakho ngesandla esifanayo.
• Kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba ngamanye amaxesha, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezixineneyo, ezingenamoya ungako, nezivalekileyo, zinokusasazeka ngomoya (ohamba ngomoya) ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile.

Zithini iimpawu? Ngaba ziyafana kubo bonke abantu?

Oku kunokwahluka kakhulu kumntu nomntu. Abanye abantu banokuba ne-COVID-19 ngaphandle kweempawu kwaye banokuyisasaza kwabanye bengazi nokuba injalo. Le yenye yeengozi zoku. Kodwa ezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo zezi:

• Ukuziva umkhuhlane okanye ubanda
• Ukukhwehlela (ihlala ikhwehlela ebuhlungu neyomileyo)
• Ukudinwa, ukudinwa, ubuvila
• Iintlungu zomzimba, iintlungu zemisipha
• Umphimbo obuhlungu, utshintsho kwilizwi
• Abanye abantu balahlekelwa yimvakalelo yabo yokuvumba nokungcamla (le yimpawu eqhelekileyo kubantu abaninzi)
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Ukuqina kwesifuba kunye okanye ngaphandle kwe-mucus
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukuphefumla nzima (olu luphawu oluyingozi, kufuneka ulumke kakhulu )

Oku kubachaphazela njani abantwana abancinci?

Abantwana bethu abancinci nabo banokufumana i-COVID-19. Kodwa iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba uninzi lwabo ludla ngokuba neempawu ezingabalulekanga kangako kunye nokugula okungabalulekanga kangako kunabantu abadala. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba silumke njengoko abanye abantwana nabo benokugula. Kufuneka silumke ngakumbi kubantwana abaphakathi kweenyanga ezi-6 kunye neminyaka emi-5 ubudala . Basenokuba neempawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, impumlo egobhozayo, iintlungu zesisu, ukuhlanza, kunye norhudo.

Zeziphi ezi 'ntlobo-ntlobo' zikhankanywa kuyo yonke indawo?

Umele ukuba ukhe weva ngeenguqulelo zeDelta kunye ne-Omicron. Iintsholongwane azikho nje kwindawo enye, zitshintsha iimpawu kunye nemilo yazo ngokuhamba kwexesha. Njengokuba sitshintsha impahla, kodwa oku kuyenzeka kwizinto zazo zemfuza. Ezi ziintsholongwane ezitshintshe ngeendlela ezintsha, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-"Variants". Ezinye "Variants" zinokusasazeka ngokukhawuleza kunezinye, okanye zisenokusabela kancinci kwiigonyo esizinikayo. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokulandela iingcebiso zempilo kwaye sigqibezele ukugonywa.

Singazikhusela njani kwi-COVID-19? Iindlela zokuthintela

Kukho intetho ethi "Ukuthintela kungcono kunonyango." Oko kukuthi, kungcono ukuzinyamekela ngaphambi kokuba ugule kunokuba uhlaselwe kuko. Ngoko ke, kukho izinto ezilula, kodwa ezisebenzayo kakhulu esinokuzenza ukuzikhusela kwi-COVID-19.

• Hlamba izandla zakho rhoqo: Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Faka isepha, ugqume kakuhle, kwaye uhlikihle izandla zakho zonke (phakathi kweminwe yakho, phantsi kweenzipho zakho, ukuya kuthi ga ezihlahleni zakho) ubuncinane imizuzwana engama-20 . Ukuba isepha namanzi azifumaneki lula, sebenzisa isicoci sezandla esine-60% yotywala ubuncinane.
• Ukunxiba iimaski: Qiniseka ukuba unxiba imaski, ingakumbi xa usiya kwiindawo ezinabantu abaninzi (kwiimarike, kwiibhasi, koololiwe) naxa ukwiindawo ezivaliweyo. Oku kuya kukukhusela wena kunye nabanye abakungqongileyo. Kwanabantwana abancinci (abadla ngokuba ngaphezulu kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala) banokunxiba iimaski ezibafanelayo kwaye kulula ukuphefumla. Nangona kunjalo, kungcono ukucela ingcebiso kugqirha wakho wosapho ngale nto.
• Gcina umgama phakathi kwabantu: Gcina umgama omde kangangoko unako phakathi kwabanye abantu. Zama ukugcina ubuncinci imitha enye (malunga neenyawo ezi-3) kude nabo.
• Ziphephe iindawo ezixineneyo kunye neendawo ezingenamoya ungangeni kakuhle: Hlala ekhaya kangangoko unako. Phuma xa kukho izinto ezibalulekileyo kuphela. Ukuba wenza njalo, buyela emsebenzini ngokukhawuleza.
• Gcina umoya uvulekile: Gcina iifestile zivuliwe emakhayeni, kwiiofisi nakwiivenkile ukuze umoya ujikeleze kakuhle.

Ungayikhusela njani imveku encinci?

Luxanduva lwethu olukhulu ukukhusela iintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa kunye neentsana kule ntsholongwane.

• Nciphisa inani labantu abeza kubona umntwana kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ukuba bayakwenza oko, cela abantu abaphilileyo ukuba beze.
• Wonke umntu ufanele ahlambe izandla zakhe kakuhle ngaphambi kokuba amchukumise umntwana, okanye asebenzise i-sanitizer yezandla.
• Ukuba unomkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane, qiniseka ukuba unxibe imaski yobuso xa usondela okanye uncancisa umntwana wakho.
• Gcina indawo yomntwana kunye nezinto zokudlala zicocekile.

Izinto ezikhethekileyo ekufuneka uzazi malunga ne-COVID-19 ngexesha lokukhulelwa

Abafazi abakhulelweyo ngamanye amaxesha banokuba neengxaki ezingaphezulu kunomntu oqhelekileyo ukuba bafumana i-COVID-19. Ngoko ke licebo elihle ukuba ulumke ngakumbi ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

• Landela zonke izilumkiso zokhuseleko ezichazwe apha ngasentla.
• Thetha nogqirha wakho kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo ucinge ngokufumana isitofu se-COVID-19 . I-World Health Organisation ngoku ithi esi sitofu sikhuselekile kwaye siyacetyiswa koomama abakhulelweyo nabancancisayo.
• Ukuba ubonakalisa naziphi na iimpawu (umkhuhlane, ukukhohlela, ukudinwa), funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokulibazisa.

Ngaba ndingamncancisa umntwana wam ukuba ndine-COVID-19?

Lo ngumbuzo omkhulu noloyiko koomama abaninzi abatsha. Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba, ewe, kunokwenzeka. Ngokweenkcukacha zesayensi zangoku, akukho bungqina bokuba intsholongwane ye-COVID-19 inokudluliselwa kumntwana ngobisi lwebele. Ubisi lwebele sesinye sezona zondlo zixabisekileyo kumntwana, kunye nomthombo wokhuseleko lokuzikhusela kwizifo.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba une-COVID-19, qiniseka ukuba uthatha la manyathelo okhuseleko xa uncancisa umntwana wakho:

• Hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha ngaphambi kokuba utyise umntwana wakho okanye umchukumise.
• Nxiba imaski yobuso efanela kakuhle ngalo lonke ixesha uncancisa.
• Xa ukhohlela okanye uthimla, jika ujonge umntwana uze uvale umlomo wakho ngethishu.

Kuthekani ukuba ndifumana i-COVID-19? Unyango lwezonyango kunye noko kufuneka ukwazi

Nokuba silumke kangakanani na, ngamanye amaxesha iimpawu ze-COVID-19 zinokubonakala. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, kubalulekile ukwenza ngobulumko kwaye ungoyiki.

Uvavanywa njani (uVavanyo lwe-COVID-19)? Ziziphi iintlobo?

Ukuba uneempawu, okanye ubusondelelene nomntu one-COVID-19 (umz., ubuhlala kwikhaya elinye, uhamba kunye), kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uvavanywe. Oku kuya kukunceda wazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba unesi sifo kwaye kukuncede uyeke ukusisasaza kwabanye.

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zovavanyo:

1. Uvavanyo lweNtsholongwane: Oku kuya kukuxelela ukuba intsholongwane iyasebenza emzimbeni wakho okanye ayikho . Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zale nto:

• Uvavanyo lwe-PCR (iPolymerase Chain Reaction): Olu lolona vavanyo luchanekileyo. Ludla ngokwenziwa ngeswab ephuma empumlweni okanye emqaleni. Iziphumo zithatha ixesha ukubuya.
• Uvavanyo lwe-Antigen olukhawulezileyo: Oku kunokubonelela ngeziphumo ngokukhawuleza (kwimizuzu eli-15-30). Nangona kunjalo, alunabungozi njenge-PCR, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha lunokunika iziphumo ezingezizo ezilungileyo.

2. Uvavanyo lwe-Antibody: Olu vavanyo luvavanya ukuba ukhe waba ne-COVID-19 na ngaphambili kwaye unazo na ii-antibodies ezichasene nayo . Ayisetyenziselwa ukubona usulelo olusebenzayo.

Ngoko ke, loluphi uvavanyo olungcono kum?

Kuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zakho, indlela ovezwe ngayo, kunye neengcebiso zikagqirha wakho. Ngokwesiqhelo, ugqirha udla ngokucebisa "uVavanyo lweNtsholongwane", ingakumbi uvavanyo lwePCR, kumntu oneempawu okanye obesondelelene nomntu osulelekileyo.

Konke malunga nogonyo lwe-COVID-19

Ukugonywa sesinye sezona zixhobo zibalulekileyo nezinamandla esinazo zokulwa nalo bhubhane we-Covid-19.

"Ngokulula nje, isitofu siqeqesha imizimba yethu ukulwa nentsholongwane ye-COVID-19 kwangaphambili. Kanye njengokuba isosha liqeqesha ngaphambi kokuba liye emfazweni. Emva koko, ukuba intsholongwane ingena emzimbeni, amajoni ethu omzimba aya kuyibona ngokukhawuleza, ayilwe, aze athintele ukuba isifo singabi mandundu."

Imibuzo eqhelekileyo onokuba nayo malunga nemigonyo kunye neempendulo zayo:

• Ingaba isitofu sikhuselekile ngokwenene? ​​Ewe, zonke izitofu ze-COVID-19 ezivunyiweyo zizikhungo ezidumileyo, kuquka i-World Health Organization (WHO) kunye neSebe lezeMpilo lelizwe lethu , zikhuselekile kwaye ziyasebenza . Zivunyiwe ukuba zisetyenziswe kuphela emva kophando olubanzi. Iziphumo ezincinci (ezifana nomkhuhlane, iintlungu zomzimba, ukuqaqamba kwindawo yokutofa, ukudinwa) zinokwenzeka kangangeentsuku ezimbini, kodwa zihlala ziphela zodwa.
• Ngaba abantwana banokugonywa? Ewe, isitofu se-COVID-19 ngoku sivunyiwe kubantwana abangaphezu kweenyanga ezi-6 ubudala kumazwe amaninzi kwihlabathi liphela, nakwilizwe lethu. Iidosi ezincinci zinikwa abantwana abancinci, ezifanelekileyo kwiqela ngalinye leminyaka. Thetha nogqirha wakho wabantwana malunga nokugonya umntwana wakho kwaye wenze isigqibo.
• Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zemithi yokugonya, yeyiphi engcono? Zonke imithi yokugonya evunyiweyo inceda kakhulu ekukhuseleni izifo ezinzulu, ukulaliswa esibhedlele, kunye nokufa. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukufumana nayiphi na imithi yokugonya evunyiweyo ekhoyo kwaye ecetyiswa ziingcali zempilo.

Ngaba isitofu sokugonya se-COVID-19, isitofu sokugonya umkhuhlane, kunye nesitofu sokugonya se-RSV zinokuthathwa ngaloo mini inye?

Lo ngumbuzo abantu abaninzi abawubuzayo. Ngokubanzi, ewe. Oogqirha bathi akuyonto inkulu ukufumana isitofu se-COVID-19, isitofu somkhuhlane, kwaye kwezinye iimeko, isitofu se-RSV (respiratory syncytial virus) ngosuku olunye, ngexesha elinye lokubonana nogqirha. Nangona kunjalo, kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto kwaye ulandele icebiso lakhe.

I-Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome ebantwaneni (MIS-C)

Le yimeko engaqhelekanga kodwa imbi kakhulu . Kwiiveki ezimbalwa emva kokuba bosulelwe yi-COVID-19 (ngamanye amaxesha ngaphandle kweempawu), abanye abantwana banokufumana ukudumba kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba (umz., intliziyo, imiphunga, izintso, ingqondo, ulusu, amehlo, indlela yokugaya ukutya) ngaxeshanye. Iimpawu ziquka:

• Umkhuhlane (ngaphezulu kwama-38 Celsius/100.4 Fahrenheit) ohlala iintsuku ezininzi
• Intlungu ebuhlungu yesisu, ukuhlanza, urhudo
• Amabala abomvu eluswini (irhashalala)
• Amehlo abomvu, imilebe eqhekekileyo, kunye nokubomvu
• Ukozela okungaqhelekanga, ukudinwa, ukudideka
• Ii-lymph nodes ezivuvukileyo entanyeni

Ukuba umntwana wakho unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, kufuneka ufune ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokulibazisa.

Ingaba lo ngumkhuhlane, umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo, usulelo lwe-RSV, okanye i-COVID-19? Uqiniseka njani?

Oku ngenene yingxaki enzima kancinci, kuba iimpawu ezisisiseko zazo zonke ezi zifo (umkhuhlane, ukukhohlela, iintlungu zomzimba, umphimbo obuhlungu, ukudinwa) ziyafana kakhulu. Ngoko ke kunzima ukuqiniseka ukuba yi-COVID-19 okanye hayi ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zodwa.

Eyona ndlela ilungileyo nethembekileyo yokwazi ukuba yintoni kanye kanye kukufumana uvavanyo lwe-COVID-19 (umz. i-PCR okanye i-antigen ekhawulezayo). Kulapho ke kuphela apho uya kwazi ngokuqinisekileyo. Ngoko ke, kuya kuba luncedo olukhulu ekufuneni unyango olufunekayo nasekuthinteleni ukusasazeka kwabanye.

Ungayimelana njani ne-COVID-19 ekhaya nasesikolweni?

Njengoko i-COVID-19 ichaphazela phantse yonke into ebomini bethu bemihla ngemihla, kubalulekile ukuba sonke sihlale sinolwazi kwaye senze izinto ngendlela enoxanduva, ekhaya naxa abantwana bethu besesikolweni.

Ukhathalelo Lwasekhaya kunye namanyathelo okhuseleko

• Ukuba wena okanye umntu kusapho lwakho uneempawu ze-COVID-19, okanye uvavanywe ukuba unayo, zihlukanise nabanye kangangoko unako. Kungcono ukuhlala kwigumbi elahlukileyo, kungcono ube negumbi lokuhlambela elahlukileyo.
• Phumla ngokwaneleyo. Ukuphumla kubalulekile ukuze umzimba uphile.
• Yitya ukutya okunesondlo kwaye usele iziselo ezifudumeleyo (isuphu, ipapa, umhluzi ophekiweyo, amanzi ashushu) rhoqo.
• Kwizinto ezinje ngomkhuhlane kunye neentlungu zomzimba, thatha amayeza afana neparacetamol njengoko ugqirha wakho eyalele.
• Lumka ngeempawu ezilumkisayo . Oko kukuthi, ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezinje ngobunzima obukhulu bokuphefumla, iintlungu zesifuba ezingapheliyo okanye ukuqina, ukudideka, ukozela okugqithisileyo okukwenza ungakwazi ukuvuka, okanye imilebe eluhlaza okanye ubuso, funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza okanye uqhagamshelane nesikhungo sempilo esikufutshane.
• Sula iindawo eziphathwa rhoqo ekhayeni lakho (izibambo zomnyango, iitafile, iingalo zesitulo, iiswitshi zezibane, iifowuni) ngolwelo lokubulala iintsholongwane yonke imihla.

Yintoni 'iVarantine' kunye 'ne-Isolation'? Masiqonde umahluko ochanekileyo phakathi kwezi zimbini.

Nangona sisoloko siwava la magama mabini ngexesha leCovid, sisenokungaqondi ngokupheleleyo umahluko ocacileyo phakathi kwawo omabini.

• Ukuzahlula: Oku kwenzelwa ukwahlukanisa ngokupheleleyo umntu ovavanywe ukuba une-COVID-19 kwabanye abantu abaphilileyo. Oko kukuthi, ukuthintela ukusasaza esi sifo kwabanye.
• Ukuvalelwa yedwa: Oku kwenziwa ngokuhlala yedwa nokubona umntu obesondelelene nomntu osulelwe yi-COVID-19, kodwa ongekabonakalisi zimpawu okanye ovavanywe ukuba unayo, kangangexesha elithile (ngesiqhelo iintsuku ezisi-7-14). Oku kungenxa yokuba nabo basenokuba nayo intsholongwane, kodwa kungathatha iintsuku ezininzi ukuba intsholongwane ikhule emzimbeni kwaye ibonise iimpawu.

Uhlala njani wedwa ekhaya?

• Ukuba kunokwenzeka, hlala kwigumbi elahlukileyo, elinomoya ococekileyo. Gcina iifestile zivuliwe.
• Kuphephe ukutya kunye nabanye abantu endlwini nokuchitha ixesha nabo kwiindawo ezifanayo (njengegumbi lokuhlala) kangangoko unako.
• Sebenzisa iipleyiti ezahlukeneyo, iikomityi, izixhobo zokusela, iitawuli, kunye neelinen zokulala. Zihlambe uze uzomise kakuhle emva kokuzisebenzisa.
• Yenza konke okusemandleni akho ukukhusela amanye amalungu osapho, ingakumbi abantu abadala, abafazi abakhulelweyo, kunye nabo banezinye izifo ezingapheliyo (ezifana nesifo seswekile okanye isifo sentliziyo). Ukuba kufuneka uye kwindawo abakuyo, qiniseka ukuba nobabini ninxibe imaski.

Ngoko ke, zeziphi izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka sizikhumbule? (Umyalezo Wokubuyela Ekhaya)

Kweli xesha lokufunda ukuphila nomceli mngeni we-COVID-19, kubaluleke kakhulu kuthi sonke ukuba senze izinto ngendlela enoxanduva, ngabanye nanjengoluntu.

• Soloko ulandela amanyathelo okhuseleko asisiseko: Yenza izinto ezinje ngokuhlamba izandla, ukunxiba iimaski, kunye nokugcina umgama phakathi kwabantu zibe yinxalenye yemisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla.
• Qiniseka ukuba ugonyelwe: Ukugonywa kunika inkxaso enkulu ekukhuseleni kungekuphela nje wena, kodwa nosapho lwakho, abahlobo bakho, kunye noluntu lonke kwimiphumo emibi yesi sifo. Fumana yonke idosi oyifumanayo ngexesha.
• Ukuba kuvela iimpawu: Musa ukoyika, yenza ngobulumko. Funa ingcebiso kugqirha, vavanywa ukuba kuyimfuneko. Thatha onke amanyathelo okhuseleko ukuze uphephe ukusasaza esi sifo kwabanye.
• Fumana ulwazi oluchanekileyo nolunokuthenjwa kuphela: Musa ukukholelwa kuyo yonke intlebendwane okanye ulwazi olungeyonyani olujikeleza kwimidiya yoluntu. Fumana ulwazi oluchanekileyo kwimibutho yamazwe ngamazwe eyaziwayo njenge-World Health Organization (WHO), iZiko loLawulo lweZifo kunye nokuThintela (CDC), uMphathiswa wezeMpilo welizwe lethu, kunye nogqirha wakho wosapho.
• Impilo yakho yengqondo ibaluleke kakhulu: Lo bhubhane usibangela uxinzelelo olukhulu, emzimbeni nasengqondweni. Ukuba uziva uxinezelekile, usoyika, okanye uxhalabile, thetha nomhlobo okanye ilungu losapho ngalo mba. Ungoyiki ukufuna uncedo kwingcali yezempilo yengqondo ukuba uyalufuna.

Lo bhubhane we-COVID-19 ube ngumceli mngeni omkhulu kuthi sonke. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba siyancedana, silandele iingcebiso zempilo ngendlela efanelekileyo, kwaye sijongane nale meko ngesimo sengqondo esihle, singayoyisa le meko. Khumbula, awuwedwa kulo mlo, sonke sikunye!

I- Covid-19, intsholongwane yeCorona, i-COVID-19, iSri Lanka, Impilo, Isitofu sokugonya, uKhuseleko, Iimpawu, Uvavanyo lweentsholongwane, Ukuvalelwa yedwa