Uyazi ukuba ungcoliseko lomoya lubachaphazela njani abantwana abane-asthma? Makhe sithethe ngale nto!

Ukuba umntwana wakho une-asthma, mhlawumbi sele uyazi ukuba kukho izinto ezithile ezinokubangela loo asthma. Isenokuba yimozulu ebandayo, ukurhawuzelelwa zizilwanyana zasekhaya, okanye ukutshaya. Kodwa ngaba ubusazi ukuba umgangatho womoya ophantsi unokuba yimbangela ephambili ye-asthma yomntwana wakho? Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukwazi indlela yokuzinyamekela ngamaxesha anje.

Ezi zinto ziyingozi emoyeni ziyichaphazela njani i-asthma?

Ngamafutshane, xa ezi zinto ziyingozi emoyeni, oko kukuthi, izinto ezinje ngothuli nomsi, zingena kwimibhobho yomoya yabantwana bethu, zisebenza njengezinye izinto ezibangela isifo sesifuba. Zibangela ukuba imibhobho yomoya ibe novakalelo olungakumbi, idumbe, kwaye icinezeleke. Oku kwenzeka xa umntwana enengxaki yokuphefumla kwaye evakalelwa ngathi isifuba sakhe sinciphile.

Cinga ngale ndlela. Iindlela zethu zomoya zifana neetyhubhu ezincinci. Kwenzeka ntoni xa uthuli nothuli lungena kwezi tyhubhu? Iityhubhu ziyavaleka kwaye ukuhamba komoya kuyancipha, akunjalo? Yiloo nto eyenzekayo kwiindlela zomoya zomntwana one-asthma ngenxa yongcoliseko lomoya.

Akuphelelanga apho, ngenxa yezinto ezinobungozi ezikuloo moya, abantwana banokuba sengozini enkulu yokufumana izifo zokuphefumla eziphezulu ezifana nomkhuhlane kunye nomkhuhlane. Uyazi, xa unesifo esifana nesi, imeko yakho yesifuba inokuba mandundu. Abanye abantwana bane-allergy kwizinto ezifana ne-pollen emoyeni (ii-Allergens). Kubantu abanjalo, xa umoya ungcolisiwe, imiphunga yabo iba novelwano ngakumbi kwezo zinto zibangela i-allergens.

Zeziphi ezi zinto zingcolisayo ezibangela ubunzima bokuphefumla?

Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi izinto eziphambili emoyeni eziphazamisa ukuphefumla kwabantwana bethu.

Masifunde ngqo ngegesi ye-ozone.

Ngaba ukhe weva ngomaleko we-ozone? Uphezulu ngaphezu komhlaba, usikhusela kwimitha eyingozi evela elangeni. Kodwa kukho olunye uhlobo lwe-ozone, i-ozone esezantsi, emoyeni esiwuphefumlayo. Lo awulungelanga kangako imiphunga yethu.

I-ozone esezantsi yenziwa xa iikhemikhali ezikhutshwa zizithuthi, iifektri ezinkulu, kunye nezityalo zamandla zidityaniswe nokukhanya kwelanga. Usenokuba uqaphele ukuba ngezinye iintsuku, ingakumbi kwiindawo zasezidolophini, kukho inkungu emthubi-mdaka esibhakabhakeni (iSmog). Le yeyona nto iphambili koku. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-ozone pollution. Oku kubonakala ngakumbi kwiintsuku ezishushu, okanye kwiindawo ezishushu zelizwe.

Iziphumo zoNgcoliseko lweeNgcambu

Enye into eyingozi ziingceba ezincinci ezidada emoyeni (Particle Pollution). Ezi ziingceba ezincinci kakhulu zezinto ezifana nothuli, uthuli, umsi, kunye nomsi. Ngamanye amaxesha ezi ngceba ziqokelelana emoyeni ngenxa yemililo yasendle.

Ezi nxalenye zincinci kangangokuba zinokuhamba nzulu emiphungeni yethu ngokuphefumla kwethu.Ngenxa yokuba la masuntswana mancinci kakhulu, anokuthi angene nzulu emiphungeni aze abangele ubunzima bokuphefumla. Njengameva amancinci, ayonakalisa indlela yokuphefumla .

Ezinye iigesi ezingcolisayo

Ukongeza, xa kutshiswa iintlobo ngeentlobo zepetroli (umzekelo, kwiinjini zezithuthi, kwimizi-mveliso), ezinye iigesi eziyingozi zongezwa emoyeni. Phakathi kwazo, `(Carbon Monoxide)`, `(Nitrogen Dioxide)` kunye `(Sulfur Dioxide)` zezona ziphambili. Xa kukho ezi gesi zininzi kakhulu, zinokuchaphazela ngqo ukusebenza kwemiphunga yethu.

Ndingenza ntoni ukuze ndisindise umntwana wam kule nto?

Ngoku usenokuba ucinga, 'Owu, ndingamkhusela njani umntwana wam kwezi zinto?' Ungakhathazeki. Zininzi izinto esinokuzenza.

Soloko uqaphela i-Air Quality Index (AQI)

Ukuba uhlala kwindawo enomgangatho womoya ophantsi, njengothuli nomsi, qaphela amanqanaba ongcoliseko lomoya. Ungalufumana olu lwazi kwiingxelo zemozulu zemihla ngemihla (kwi-intanethi, kumaphephandaba). Ungafumana nolwazi malunga noku ngokutyelela iwebhusayithi ye-Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) e-United States, ``www.airnow.gov`` (eSri Lanka, amaziko afana ne-National Building Research Organisation (NBRO) ngamanye amaxesha akhupha idatha malunga nomgangatho womoya, onokuwujonga).

Oku kulinganiswa yi-EPA's Air Quality Index (AQI):

• I-ozone esezantsi
• Ezo ngceba zincinci (Ungcoliseko lwamasuntswana)
• I-carbon monoxide
• I-Sulfur dioxide
• Ingakanani initrogen dioxide esemoyeni?

Eli xabiso le-AQI linokutshintsha ngamaxesha athile, imihla ngemihla, kwanakusasa ukuya ngokuhlwa. Kwizixeko ezikhulu, eli xabiso le-AQI liyimfuneko ukuba uluntu lufumane ulwazi yonke imihla. Kodwa nakwiindawo ezincinci kakhulu, kukho iindlela zokufumana olu lwazi. Eli xabiso le-AQI linenkqubo enemibala ebonisa ukuba umgangatho womoya uyingozi na:

• Ukuba iluhlaza okanye ityheli , imeko ilungile, oko kuthetha ukuba akukho ngxaki inkulu.
• Ukuba iorenji, ibomvu, imfusa, okanye imdaka , oko kuthetha ukuba abantu abane-asthma kufuneka banciphise ukubonakala kwabo ngaphandle kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

Iindawo ezininzi zibonelela ngexabiso le-AQI yosuku olulandelayo kwangaphambili, ukuze ukwazi ukucwangcisa usuku lwakho ngokufanelekileyo. Khawuthelekelele, kusasa ubufunda iphephandaba waza wabona ukuba i-AQI ibomvu. Oko kuthetha ukuba umoya wanamhlanje awulungelanga abantu abane-asthma. Emva koko, endaweni yokuthatha umntwana wakho aye kwindawo yokudlala emva kwemini, ungadlala umdlalo omncinci ekhaya okanye umbandakanye neminye imisebenzi yangaphakathi.

Ezinye iingcebiso ezibalulekileyo

Zama ezi zinto kwiintsuku ezinomgangatho ophantsi womoya:

• Ukuba kuyenzeka,Gcina umoya opholileyo uvuliwe ekhaya kwaye unciphise imisebenzi yomntwana wakho yangaphandle.
• Ukuba kufuneka wenze into ethile ngaphandle, cwangcisa ukuyenza kusasa. Umgangatho womoya uhlala ungcono kancinci kusasa. Kwakhona, kuphephe ukuchitha ixesha elininzi kwiindawo ezineemoto ezininzi.
• Ukuba kufuneka uhlale emotweni ixesha elide, vala iifestile kunye nee-vents uze uvule i-air conditioner endaweni yoko.
• Ukuba umntwana wakho udlala umdlalo ofuna ukuziqhelanisa ngaphandle xa kushushu, thetha nomqeqeshi ukuze ubone ukuba angaziqhelisa na kwindawo yokuzivocavoca yangaphakathi ene-air conditioner.
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana wakho uhlala enayo iyeza lokunceda ngokukhawuleza (i-rescue inhaler). Le inokuba yi-inhaler onokuyisebenzisa xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo.
• Kukwabubulumko ukuphucula umgangatho womoya ngaphakathi ekhayeni lakho. Ungasebenzisa isicoci somoya ukwenza oku. Kwakhona, faka umoya ekhayeni lakho ukuze ususe umsi kwizixhobo zegesi. Nciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwemililo yeenkuni kunye neenkuni ezitshisayo ngaphakathi ekhayeni kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
• Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba kufuneka utshintshe amayeza omntwana wakho na ngeentsuku ezinomoya ongcolileyo ophezulu. Khumbula, kukho iintsuku apho kukho uthuli oluninzi emoyeni. Ngeentsuku ezinje, thetha nogqirha wakho kwaye mhlawumbi wongeze okanye utshintshe amayeza omntwana wakho. Olu tshintsho lungabandakanywa njengenxalenye yesicwangciso sokusebenza somntwana wakho ngesifo sesifuba.

Okokugqibela, khumbula oku...

Mhlawumbi ngoku uyaqonda ukuba xa unomntwana one-asthma, kufuneka ukhathazeke kakhulu ngongcoliseko lomoya.

Khumbula, awuwedwa. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwazi oku kwaye uthathe amanyathelo afunekayo.

• Soloko unika ingqalelo kumgangatho womoya (AQI), ingakumbi kwiintsuku apho kukho amanqanaba aphezulu othuli nomsi.
• Ngeentsuku apho umoya ungcolisiwe, zama ukugcina umntwana wakho engekho endlwini kangangoko unako. Zama ukugcina umoya ucocekile nokuba ungaphakathi endlwini.
• Qinisekisa ukuba umntwana wakho uhlala enamayeza okunceda ngokukhawuleza/okunceda xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo.
• Thetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto uze wenze naluphi na utshintsho olufunekayo kwisicwangciso somntwana wakho sokulwa nesifo sesifuba.

Ukuba uyazinyamekela ezi zinto, uya kukwazi ukunciphisa kakhulu imiphumo yongcoliseko lomoya emntwaneni wakho. Kuya kuba luncedo olukhulu ukugcina umntwana wakho esempilweni!

Isifuba , Ungcoliseko lomoya, Impilo yabantwana, Izifo zokuphefumla, i-AQI, Isifuba, Ungcoliseko lomoya