Ngaba umntwana wakho uziphatha njengomntwana omkhulu ngaphambi kweminyaka yakhe? Masifunde nge-Precocious Puberty.

Ngaba wakha waziva ngathi intombi okanye unyana wakho uziphatha njengomntwana omncinci ngaphambi kwexesha lakhe, okanye ubonakalisa utshintsho emzimbeni? Abanye abantwana banokubonisa iimpawu zokufikisa ngaphambi kwexesha lakhe. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngale meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-'precocious puberty' okanye njengoko oogqirha beyibiza, '(Precocious Puberty)'. Ungakhathazeki, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokulula.

Ngoko ke yintoni le nto yokufikisa kwasekuqaleni?

Ixesha lokufikisa lixesha apho umzimba womntwana utshintsha kakhulu aze aqale kancinci ukuphuhlisa iimpawu zomntu omdala. Le yinto yendalo kakhulu. Ngokwesiqhelo, kukho inxalenye encinci yengqondo yomntwana wakho ebizwa ngokuba yi-hypothalamus. Kulapho iqala khona i-hypothalamus. Ikhupha iikhemikhali ezithile ezibizwa ngokuba zii-hormones. Ezi hormones emva koko zithumela isignali kwenye i-gland encinci engqondweni ebizwa ngokuba yi-pituitary gland. I-pituitary gland emva koko ikhupha olunye uhlobo lwe-hormone olubizwa ngokuba yi-gonadotropins. Ezi gonadotropins ziya ngqo kwi-sex glands yomntwana, ebizwa ngokuba yi-gonads. Kumakhwenkwe, ezi "zii-testicles." Ezi zivelisa i-hormone "testosterone." Kumantombazana, ezi "zii-ovari." Ezi zivelisa i-hormone "estrogen."

Ngokwesiqhelo, intombazana iqala ukufikisa phakathi kweminyaka esi-8 neli-13. Inkwenkwe iqala ukufikisa phakathi kweminyaka esi-9 neli-14. Nangona kunjalo, kule meko, "Ukufikisa Kwangaphambi Kokuqala", le nkqubo iqala kwangethuba kakhulu. Oko kukuthi, intombazana iqala ukubonisa ezi mpawu ngaphambi kokuba ifikelele kwiminyaka esi-8, kwaye inkwenkwe iqala ukubonisa ezi mpawu ngaphambi kokuba ifikelele kwiminyaka esi-9 .

Ngaba kukho iintlobo eziphambili zokufikisa ngaphambi kwexesha?

Ewe, zimbini iintlobo eziphambili. Masibone ukuba zeziphi.

1. Ukufikisa Kwangaphambi Kokuqala

Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo . Okwenzekayo apha kukuba ingqondo yomntwana iqala ukukhupha ihomoni ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)' ngaphambi kwexesha elilindelekileyo. Oku kubangela ukuba amasende kunye namaqanda akhuphe iihomoni zesondo, ezifana 'ne-androgens', ngaphambi kwexesha.

2. Ukufikisa Ngaphambi Kokuba Sele Ukhulile

Olu hlobo lubangelwa yingxaki kwizitho zokuzala zomntwana, ezinje ngee-ovari, amasende, okanye ii-adrenal glands. Ngamanye amaxesha, le meko inokubangelwa zii-hormone ezingena emzimbeni zivela kwindawo engaphandle. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-gonadotropin-independent precocious puberty.

Ngubani ochaphazeleka kakhulu yile meko? Ixhaphake kangakanani?

Enyanisweni, nawuphi na umntwana unokuhlangabezana nale meko yokufikisa kwasekuqaleni. Nangona kunjalo, ixhaphake kakhulu kumantombazana kunamakhwenkwe.

Ngokuphathelele ukuxhaphaka kwale meko, le meko ichaphazela malunga namantombazana angama-20 kwayi-10,000, kodwa amakhwenkwe angaphantsi kwama-5 kwayi-10,000.

Kutheni abantu befikelela kwinqanaba lokufikisa kwangethuba kangaka? Zithini izizathu?

Izizathu ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo olukhankanyiweyo ngaphambili.

Izizathu zokufikisa kwangaphambi kwexesha

Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, oku kubangelwa kukukhululwa kwangoko kwehomoni `(GnRH)` ebuchotsheni. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ingakumbi kumantombazana, kunzima ukufumana unobangela ocacileyo woku. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha izinto ezinje ngezi zinokubangela oku:

• Ukonzakala kwengqondo
• Iithumba zobuchopho
• Usulelo lobuchopho
• Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo
• Kunyangwa ngemisebe

Izizathu Zokufikisa Ngaphambi Kokuqala

Olu hlobo lubangelwa ziingxaki zamalungu okuzala omntwana okanye ii-adrenal glands. Umzekelo:

• Izimila ze-ovary, testes okanye adrenal gland
• Iithumba ezivelisa ihomoni ebizwa ngokuba yi-``Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG)``
• Ezinye iimeko zemfuza, umzekelo, iMcCune-Albright syndrome.
• I-hypothyroidism enzulu
• Izifo ze-adrenal glands, umzekelo, ``Congenital adrenal hyperplasia``.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuchatshazelwa ziihomoni ezivela ngaphandle komzimba womntwana nako kungaba yimbangela. Cinga ngezinto ezifana neekhrimu, amayeza, okanye izongezo ezine-estrogen, i-testosterone, okanye ii-androgens.

Zithini iimpawu zokufikisa ngaphambi kwexesha? Uzibona njani?

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezinokubonwa kumadoda nakubafazi ziquka i-acne, ivumba elibi lomzimba, kunye nokuphakama ngesiquphe . Ukongeza, iimpawu zesondo nazo ziqala ukubonakala kwangethuba.

Khawuthelekelele, intombi yakho eneminyaka esixhenxe ubudala ngequbuliso ibona amabele ayo ekhula, okanye ilizwi lonyana wakho oneminyaka esibhozo litshintsha aze aqalise ukukhula iindevu. Ezi zizinto esizibiza ngokuba ziimpawu.

Iimpawu ezibonakala kumantombazana:

• Uphuhliso lwebele
• Ukuya exesheni kuyaqala
• Ukukhula kweenwele emakhwapheni nakwiindawo zabucala

Iimpawu ezibonakala kumakhwenkwe:

• Ukurhawuzela kwelizwi
• Ukukhula kweenwele ebusweni, emakhwapheni, nakwiindawo zabucala
• Ukwandiswa kwepenis kunye namasende
• Ukukhula kwemisipha

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa yile meko?

Amanye amaqela asemngciphekweni omkhulu kancinci wokufikisa kwangethuba. La maqela ngala:

• Amantombazana
• Abantwana abatyebe kakhulu okanye abatyebe kakhulu
• Abantwana beentlanga ezithile (Uphando lubonise ukuba oku kuxhaphake kakhulu kubantwana abamnyama kumazwe angaphandle. Oku kufuneka kufundwe ngakumbi kwilizwe lethu.)

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ngenxa yokufikisa kwasekuqaleni?

Nangona umntwana ekhula ngequbuliso xa efikisa kwangethuba, ukukhula kuyayeka xa inkqubo yokufikisa igqityiwe. Ngenxa yoko, banokuba bafutshane kunabanye abantwana abaneminyaka efanayo. Oku kunokuchaphazela umntwana ngokwengqondo.

Enye into kukuba abantwana banokuziva beneentloni kwaye bengakhululekanga xa imizimba yabo itshintsha ngokukhawuleza kunabanye abantwana. Khawuthelekelele indlela ekunzima ngayo kumntwana ukubona imizimba yakhe itshintsha kakhulu ngelixa abantwana afunda nabo besengabantwana abancinci.

Ezi ngxaki zinokubangela iingxaki zokuziphatha, iimvakalelo kunye nezentlalo ebantwaneni. Basenokuba nexhala kunye nokudakumba. Basenokuba sengozini enkulu yokusebenzisa iziyobisi kunye nokuzibandakanya kwiindlela zokuziphatha eziyingozi.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani le meko?

Xa usisa umntwana wakho kugqirha, uza kuqala amhlole kakuhle umntwana. Uza kukubuza nangembali yempilo yomntwana wakho nokuba kukho nabani na kusapho lwakho okhe waba neemeko ezifanayo.

Emva koko kunokwenzeka ukwenza iimvavanyo ezinje:

• I-X-reyi yesandla nesandla: Oku kujonga ubudala bamathambo omntwana. Ukuba umzimba uvelisa iihomoni zesini ezininzi kakhulu, amathambo avuthwa ngaphambi kwexesha eliqhelekileyo. Olu luphawu olunye lokufikisa ngaphambi kwexesha.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Oku kujonga amanqanaba ehomoni yomntwana. Ngokukodwa, kujonga amanqanaba ehomoni ethi ``Luteinizing Hormone (LH)`` kunye ne ``Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)``, eziveliswa yi-pituitary gland. Ezi ziihomoni ezilawula ukufikisa. Kukwajonga amanqanaba ehomoni zesini.
• I-Brain MRI scan: Olu vavanyo lunceda ekuthinteleni naziphi na iingxaki ezifana neethumba zobuchopho.
• I-ultrasound ye-pelvic: Olu vavanyo lungenziwa ukuba ukrokrela ukuba umntwana wakho unesifo sokufikisa ngaphambi kokuba afike. Olu vavanyo lujonga iithumba ezikwii-ovari okanye kwi-adrenal glands kumantombazana, njengoko ezi zinokubangela ukufikisa kwangethuba.

Ngokuxhomekeke kwiziphumo zezi mvavanyo, ugqirha wakho unokukuthumela kwi -endocrinologist yabantwana, ugqirha ogxile kwizifo ezinxulumene neehomoni ebantwaneni.

Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?

Iindlela zonyango zixhomekeke kuhlobo lokufikisa ngaphambi kwexesha.

Unyango lweCentral Precocious Puberty

Injongo ephambili yolu hlobo kukuyeka ukuveliswa kweehomoni ezithi `LH` kunye ne`FSH` yi-pituitary gland. Oku kucothisa iimpawu zokufikisa kwaye kunokulibazisa nokuya exesheni. Oku kudla ngokwenziwa ngeyeza elibizwa ngokuba yi`GnRH agonist`. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi`Puberty Blocker`. Le yihomoni eyenziwe yindoda. Oku kwenzelwa ukunqanda ukuveliswa kweehomoni zokuzala okanye iihomoni zokukhula. Ugqirha uya kunika umntwana eli yeza njengenaliti ngamaxesha athile. Olu nyango kufuneka luqhubeke de kube lixesha elifanelekileyo lokuba ukufikisa kuqale.

Unyango lokufikisa ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe

Olu hlobo lwesimo lunyangwa ngokususa umthombo weehomoni zesini. Abanye abantwana banokufuna utyando ukuze kususwe ithumba okanye olunye uhlobo lobunzima olubangela ukufikisa kwangethuba. Abanye banokufuna amayeza e-steroid, anjenge-glucocorticoids. Ngamanye amaxesha, le meko inokulawulwa ngokususa umthombo wehomoni yangaphandle, njenge-estrogen creams.

Ngaba ukufikisa kwasekuqaleni kunokuthintelwa?

Le meko idla ngokuba nzima ukuyithintela. Nangona kunjalo, ingathintelwa ngandlela ithile ngokunciphisa ukuvezwa komntwana kwiihomoni zesini ezivela kwimithombo yangaphandle. Umzekelo, kubalulekile ukugcina iikhrimu, iiloshini, okanye amanye amayeza ane-estrogen okanye i-testosterone kude nabantwana.

Liza kuba njani ikamva kubantwana abanale meko?

Ikamva lomntwana lixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi:

• Ubudala bamathambo
• Ubudala bomntwana xa iimpawu zaqala
• Indlela le meko eyakhawuleza ngayo ukuba ivele
• Isicwangciso sonyango lomntwana

Kodwa akukho nto yokoyika. Ukuba ifunyenwe kwangethuba kwaye inyangwa ngamayeza okanye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, utyando, imeko inokulawulwa. Umntwana unokukhula ngesantya esiqhelekileyo aze afikelele ebudaleni.

Ndingathetha nini nogqirha ngale nto?

Ukuba umntwana wakho ubonisa naziphi na iimpawu zokufikisa ngaphambi kwexesha, ingakumbi ukuba umntwana ungaphantsi kweminyaka esi-8 ubudala (ukuba yintombazana) okanye iminyaka esi-9 ubudala (ukuba yinkwenkwe), bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha?

Ungabuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Ingaba umntwana wam ufikisa ebusheni kwangethuba ngokwenene?
• Kutheni oku kwenzeke kumntwana wam?
• Luluphi unyango olucebisa umntwana wam?
• Ngaba umntwana wam udinga amayeza okulawula le meko?
• Ngaba kukho amaqela enkxaso anceda abantwana abafikelela kwinqanaba lokufikisa kwangethuba?
• Ngaba kufuneka siye kwi-endocrinologist yabantwana?

Kutheni amantombazana ebonakala ngathi aqala ukufikisa kwangethuba kule mihla?

Kumazwe afana ne-United States, kuthiwa kukho umkhwa wamantombazana angena ebuntwini ngaphambi kwexesha. Esinye isizathu soku sinokubangelwa kukwanda kwesantya sokutyeba kula mazwe. Ngokutsho kwabaphandi, kukho unxibelelwano phakathi kokuba ne-Body Mass Index (BMI) ephezulu kunye nophuhliso lwamabele kwangethuba. Kukwakho nenkolelo yokuba ukutya ukutya okuninzi okucutshungulweyo, okunamafutha amaninzi kunokubangela ukufikisa kwangethuba.

Kwakhona, kuthiwa uhlanga lunempembelelo koku. Umzekelo, amantombazana amnyama namaHispanic eMelika kuthiwa afikelela ebuntwini ngaphambi kwexesha kunamanye amaqela eentlanga. Ekubeni ukutyeba kakhulu kuxhaphake kakhulu kula maqela, oko kusenokuba sisizathu sokwanda kokufikisa kwasekuqaleni.

Nangona kunjalo, ezi zizifundo eziqhutywa kumazwe angaphandle. Imeko kwilizwe lethu isenokuba yahlukile. Ke ngoko , ukuba unamathandabuzo ngomntwana wakho, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha.

Ngoko ke, zeziphi izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka sizikhumbule kweli bali?

Ukufikisa kwasekuqaleni kunokuba ngumthwalo kumntwana nakubazali bakhe. Kodwa kubalulekile ukukwazi oku.

• Ukuba ubona iimpawu zokufikisa ngaphambi kwexesha (ngaphambi kweminyaka esi-8 kumantombazana nangaphambi kweminyaka esi-9 kumakhwenkwe), musa ukuyithatha lula loo nto. Yiya kugqirha ngokukhawuleza.
• Kunokubakho izizathu ezininzi zoku. Ngamanye amaxesha, unobangela ocacileyo usenokungafumaneki. Nangona kunjalo, uvavanyo lwezonyango lunokunceda ekufumaneni.
• Kukho unyango olusebenzayo. Ukuba lufunyenwe kwangethuba kwaye lunyangwa, uphuhliso lomntwana lunokugcinwa ngokuqhelekileyo.
• Lumka nempilo yengqondo yomntwana wakho. Banokufumana kunzima ukwamkela olu tshintsho. Mthande kwaye umxhase. Mthumelele iingcebiso ukuba kuyimfuneko.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwazi ukuba awuwedwa. Oogqirha bakhona ukukunceda wena nomntwana wakho. Ngoko ke musani ukoyika, kwaye soloko nifuna iingcebiso zonyango xa nithandabuza.

Ukufikisa kwangethuba, iihomoni, uphuhliso lomntwana, ukufikisa, amantombazana, abafana