Ukuba ungumama okhulelweyo, elinye lawona mathemba makhulu entliziyweni yakho kukuzisa umntwana osempilweni nokhule ngokupheleleyo kweli hlabathi ngomhla wokuzalwa. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha izinto azihambi njengoko sicinga. Abanye abantwana bazalwa kwangethuba, oko kukuthi, ngaphambi komhla wokuzalwa. Oku sikubiza ngokuba 'kukuzalwa kwangaphambi kwexesha' okanye ukuzalwa kwangaphambi kwexesha . Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika kwaye ukhathazekile xa usiva la mazwi. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngayo yonke into ngokucacileyo, ngokulula, nangendlela onokuyiqonda.
Kuthetha ukuthini ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha?
Ngamafutshane, ukuzalwa kwangaphambi kwexesha kuthetha ukuba umntwana uzalwa ngaphambi komhla wokuzalwa, ongaphambi kweveki yama-37 yokukhulelwa. Ukukhulelwa okunempilo kudla ngokuthatha malunga neeveki ezingama-40. Ngeli xesha, onke amalungu omzimba omntwana akhule ngokupheleleyo kwaye alungele ukungena kwihlabathi langaphandle.
Cinga ngendlela ezixabiseke ngayo iiveki zokugqibela zokukhulelwa kumntwana wakho. Kulapho amalungu abalulekileyo omntwana, anje ngengqondo, imiphunga, nesibindi, ekugqibeleni ekhula. Ngoko ke xa umntwana ezalwa ngaphambi kwexesha, loo malungu asenokungakhuli ngokupheleleyo, nto leyo enokubangela iingxaki zempilo ezincinci. Umzekelo, kunokuba nzima ukulawula ubushushu bomzimba okanye kube nzima ukufunxa nokusela ubisi.
Kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyikhumbule apha kukuba ngeteknoloji yezonyango yanamhlanje ephucukileyo, iintsana ezizelwe ngaphambi kwexesha zinethuba eliphezulu kakhulu lokoyisa imingeni yaloo mihla yokuqala nokukhula njengabantwana abasempilweni ukuba zinikwa unyango olukhethekileyo eziludingayo. Ngoko ke musa ukuphelelwa lithemba.
Ngaba kukho amanqanaba ahlukeneyo okuvuthwa ngaphambi kwexesha?
Ewe, siyahlulahlula oku kube ziindidi ezine eziphambili ngokusekelwe kwinani leeveki umntwana azalwe ngazo. Umntwana ozelwe kwiiveki ezingama-39 okanye kamva uthathwa njengomntwana 'ozalelwe ixesha elizeleyo'. Iintsana ezizalwe kule minyaka zihlala zingenangxaki kangako. Umntwana ozelwe ngaphambi kweeveki ezingama-37 yinto esiyibiza ngokuba yi-preterm.
Ukuze uqonde ngokucacileyo amanqanaba, jonga le theyibhile .
| Inqanaba lokuNgaphambi kwexesha | Iiveki zokumitha | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|---|
| Ukufika ngaphambi kwexesha ngaphambi kwexesha | Phakathi kweeveki ezingama-34 nezingama-36 | Uninzi lweentsana ezizelwe ngaphambi kwexesha ziwela kolu luhlu. Umngcipheko uphantsi kakhulu. |
| Ngaphambi kwexesha eliphakathi | Phakathi kweeveki ezingama-32 nezingama-34 | Lo mntwana usenokufuna unyango olukhethekileyo. |
| Ngaphambi kwexesha kakhulu | Ngaphambi kweeveki ezingama-32 | Lo mntwana ngokuqinisekileyo udinga unyango kwiyunithi yokhathalelo oluphezulu lweentsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa (i-NICU). |
| Ingaphambi kwexesha kakhulu | Ngaphambi kweeveki ezingama-25 | Eli lelona nqanaba liphezulu lomngcipheko. Ukusinda kufuna unyango oluphambili. |
Ngokubanzi, umngcipheko weengxaki zempilo uxhomekeke ekubeni umntwana uzalwa kwangethuba kangakanani . Okukhona umntwana ehlala esibelekweni ixesha elide, kokukhona umngcipheko uphantsi.
Kutheni abanye abantwana bezalwa kwangethuba kangaka? Zithini izizathu eziphambili?
Ngamanye amaxesha, kusenokungabikho sizathu sicacileyo sokuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha. Kusenokwenzeka ngequbuliso. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, ngenxa yesizathu esithile sezonyango, nokuba kumama okanye kumntwana, oogqirha kufuneka babelethe umntwana kwangethuba. Kwakhona, kukho izizathu ezininzi eziphambili ezinokubangela ukuzala ngaphambi kwexesha.
- Iimeko zonyango ezingapheliyo kumama: Ukuba uneemeko ezikhoyo ngaphambili ezifana nesifo seswekile okanye isifo sentliziyo, oku kungaba ngumngcipheko. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukusebenzisana nogqirha wakho ukuze ulawule ezi meko kakuhle ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwakho.
- Iingxaki ze-placenta: Iimeko ezinje ngokuqhawuka kwe-placenta okanye i-placenta previa zinokubangela ukopha kunye nokuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha.
- I-Preeclampsia: Le yimeko enzima eyenzeka ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu.
- Ukuba nee-multiples: Xa ukhulelwe amawele okanye amawele amathathu (multiples), isibeleko siziva sixinezelekile ngakumbi, nto leyo eyonyusa amathuba okuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha.
- Iingxaki ngesibeleko okanye umlomo wesibeleko: Izinto ezifana nokungaqheleki kwimo yesibeleko okanye umlomo wesibeleko obuthathaka zinokuchaphazela oku.
- Usulelo ngexesha lokukhulelwa: Usulelo lwesini okanye olunye uhlobo losulelo ngamanye amaxesha lunokubangela iintlungu zokubeletha kwangethuba.
- Imikhwa yokuphila engafanelekanga: Ukutshaya, ukusela utywala, okanye ukusebenzisa ezinye iziyobisi ngexesha lokukhulelwa kuchaphazela ngqo umntwana kunye nokuzalwa.
Zithini iziphumo ezinokubakho kwimpilo yomntwana ozelwe ngaphambi kwexesha?
Usana oluzelwe ngaphambi kwexesha alunalo ixesha elaneleyo lokukhula ngokupheleleyo ngaphakathi esibelekweni sikanina. Ngenxa yoko, amanye amalungu omzimba asenokungakulungeli ukuhlala kwihlabathi langaphandle. Yiyo loo nto la bantwana bedinga unyango olukhethekileyo. La bantwana banyanyekelwa kwiyunithi ekhethekileyo yokhathalelo oluphezulu lweentsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa (NICU) .
Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka ekuzalweni
- I-anemia: Ukuncipha kwenani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi ezisempilweni emzimbeni.
- Ukuphelelwa ngamandla komoya ngaphambi kwexesha: Ukuma kancinci xa uphefumla.
- Uphuhliso lwemiphunga olungaphelelanga: Oku kunokubangela isifo sokuxinezeleka kokuphefumla.
- Ukopha ngaphakathi kwe-ventricular: Ukopha ngaphakathi kwi-ventricles yengqondo.
- I-jaundice esandul’ ukuzalwa: Ukutyheli kolusu namehlo ngenxa yamanqanaba aphezulu e-bilirubin egazini.
- I-necrotizing enterocolitis: Ukonakala kwezicubu zamathumbu.
- I-Neonatal sepsis: Usulelo lwegazi olusasazeka emzimbeni wonke.
- Iingxaki zentliziyo (i-Patent ductus arteriosus - PDA): Imeko engaqhelekanga ebandakanya umthambo wegazi entliziyweni.
- I-Retinopathy yokungakhuli kakuhle: Ukukhula okungekuhle kwemithambo yegazi kwi-retina yeliso.
Iziphumo ezinokubakho zexesha elide
Iintsana ezizelwe ngaphambi kwexesha zinokujamelana neengxaki ezithile zokukhula njengoko zikhula.
- Umvakalelo yokitazo
- Iingxaki zokuva nokubona
- Ukukhubazeka kokufunda
- Ukuncipha kokukhula komzimba
- Iingxaki zonxibelelwano okanye ubudlelwane boluntu
Kuqhelekile ukuba noloyiko xa usiva ezi zinto. Kodwa khumbula, ayizizo zonke ezi zinto ezenzeka kumntwana ngamnye. Ngokubona ezi ngozi kwangethuba nokubonelela ngonyango olufunekayo kunye nonyango, ezi ziphumo zinokuncitshiswa kakhulu.
Le meko imchaphazela njani umama engqondweni?
Ukuba nosana oluzelwe ngaphambi kwexesha kunokuba luxinzelelo kusapho lonke, ingakumbi umama. Izinto ezingahambi ngendlela ebezilindelwe ngayo, inkxalabo malunga nempilo yomntwana, kunye nokushiya umntwana kwi-NICU aze abuye ekhaya konke oku kunokubangela ukuba umama abe nezi mvakalelo:
- Ixhala
- Uxinzelelo emva kokubeleka
- Ingxaki yoxinzelelo emva kwengozi (PTSD)
- Iingxaki zokudibana nomntwana
Kuqhelekile ukuba neemvakalelo ezinje. Akunyanzelekanga ukuba ujongane nezi zinto wedwa. Kubalulekile ukuthetha ngokukhululekileyo ngale nto nogqirha wakho, usapho, kunye nomyeni wakho. Ungacela uncedo kumcebisi wezempilo yengqondo ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Yintoni esinokuyenza ukuthintela ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha?
Nangona kungekho ndlela yokuthintela ngokupheleleyo usana ukuba luzalwe ngaphambi kwexesha, zininzi izinto esinokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko.
- Indlela yokuphila esempilweni: Kuphephe ngokupheleleyo ukutshaya, utywala, nezinye iziyobisi ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
- Ukutya okunempilo: Yitya ukutya okunesondlo nokulinganisekileyo.
- Yiya kwiikliniki kwangethuba: Bhalisela unyango lwangaphambi kokukhulelwa kwangoko nje ukuba ufumanise ukuba ukhulelwe kwaye uye kumadinga akho acwangcisiweyo. Oku kuya kunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba abone naziphi na izinto ezinokubangela umngcipheko kwangethuba aze akunike iingcebiso ezifunekayo.
- Lawula izifo ezikhoyo: Ukuba unezifo ezifana nesifo seswekile okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, zilawule kakuhle ngokwemiyalelo kagqirha wakho.
- Nciphisa uxinezeleko: Yenza izinto ezikwenza wonwabe, kwaye uzame ukuhlala ukhululekile.
- Beka abantwana bakho kwindawo enye: Ukuba kunokwenzeka, ukubeka abantwana bakho indawo enye ubuncinane iinyanga ezili-18 kunceda ekunciphiseni umngcipheko.
Ziziphi iimpawu ekufuneka uzijonge xa ubona ugqirha?
Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, isenokuba luphawu lokubeleka ngaphambi kwexesha. Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba wenze ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokuchitha ixesha.
Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka lesibhedlele elikufutshane (ETU).
- Ukuphuma kwamanzi kwilungu lobufazi ngendlela engaqhelekanga (njengamanzi) okanye ukopha.
- Intlungu okanye ukurhawuzelelwa kwesisu (ukurhawuzelelwa okanye ukurhawuzelelwa). Oku kusenokuhamba norhudo okanye kungahambi.
- Intlungu engapheliyo emqolo ongezantsi.
- Ukuziva uxinzelelo esiswini esisezantsi okanye kwisini.
- "Amanzi akho ayaphuka."
Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha banokukunika amayeza okuyeka okanye okulibazisa ukuzala okwethutyana. Oku kukunika ixesha lokunika umntwana wakho ii-steroids ezifunekayo ukuze aphuhlise imiphunga yakhe. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukufika esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukuzalwa kwangaphambi kwexesha kukuzalwa komntwana ngaphambi kokugqitywa kweeveki ezingama-37 zokukhulelwa.
- Le ngozi ingancitshiswa kakhulu ngokufumana unyango olufanelekileyo ngaphambi kokukhulelwa kunye nokulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo.
- Ukuba kuvela iimpawu zokubeleka ngaphambi kwexesha, kubalulekile ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokulibazisa.
- Nangona umntwana ozelwe ngaphambi kwexesha efuna unyango olukhethekileyo, ngonyango oluphambili lwanamhlanje, uninzi lweentsana lukhula lusempilweni kwaye lonwabile.
- Ukuba unenkxalabo okanye uloyiko malunga nokukhulelwa kwakho okanye ukuzalwa kwakho ngaphambi kwexesha, thetha ngazo ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho.
💬 Comments (0)
Akukho zimvo zithunyelweyo okwangoku. Faka uluvo lwakho apha okokuqala.
Faka uluvo lwakho