Ingaba igazi livuza ngasemva ngevalvu yentliziyo yakho? (Ukulungiswa kwevalvu yePulmonic) Makhe sithethe ngayo!

Intliziyo yethu sisitho esimangalisayo, akunjalo? Ineendawo ezincinci ezifana nomnyango ngaphakathi, esizibiza ngokuba ziivalvu . Ezi valve zibaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kakuhle ukuthumela igazi emizimbeni yethu. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba enye yezi valve ayivali kakuhle, igazi elithile linokuvuza libuyele umva. Leyo yimeko esiza kuthetha ngayo namhlanje, ukubuyiselwa kwevalvu yamaphaphu . Ungakhathazeki, masichaze oku ngokulula.

Yintoni iPulmonic Valve Regurgitation?

Ngamafutshane, eli ligama elinikwa imeko apho ivalvu yemiphunga entliziyweni yakho ingavali kakuhle, nto leyo ebangela ukuba igazi elincinci livuza kwicala elingalunganga, oko kukuthi, ngasemva, phakathi kokubetha kwentliziyo.

Khawuthelekelele, intliziyo yethu inamagumbi amane, kwaye ukuhamba kwegazi phakathi kwala magumbi kulawulwa ziivalvu ezine. Ivalvu yemiphunga yivalvu yesibini entliziyweni yakho elawula ukuhamba kwegazi. Kulapho igazi liphuma khona kwi-ventricle yasekunene . Eli gazi emva koko lihamba ngemithambo yemiphunga ukuya emiphungeni yakho, apho lithatha khona ioksijini kwaye likhuphe ikharbon dioxide.

Ngoku, ukuba unale meko (i-Pulmonic Regurgitation), ayilo lonke igazi elimpontshwayo lisuka kwi-ventricle yasekunene eliya emiphungeni. Elinye lalo libuyela kwi-ventricle yasekunene. Kwenzeka ntoni ke ngoko? I-ventricle yasekunene kufuneka isebenze nzima , ukuze ikhuphe elo gazi lingaphezulu. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, lo msebenzi wongezelelekileyo unokubangela ukuba i-ventricle yasekunene ikhule, ibe buthathaka, kwaye ekugqibeleni ikhokelele kwimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi -Right-sided Heart Failure .

Amanye amagama alo mbandela yiPulmonic Regurgitation, Pulmonary Valve Regurgitation, okanye Pulmonary Regurgitation.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko? Ngubani onokuba nayo?

Enyanisweni, le meko (i-Pulmonic Regurgitation) ixhaphake kakhulu kunokuba unokucinga. Kuthiwa phakathi kwama-30% nama-75% abantu banokuba nayo. Ezinye iingxelo zithi inani liphezulu nangakumbi. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwexesha, oku kuvuza kwegazi kuncinci kangangokuba akubonisi zimpawu . Abantu abaninzi abazi nokuba banale nto, de ifunyanwe ngengozi ngexesha lovavanyo oluthile.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuphinda-phinda kwamaphaphu okuphakathi ukuya kokuqatha kunokwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Ngenxa yokuba zininzi izizathu, kunzima ukutsho ukuba ziqheleke kangakanani ezi meko ziqatha.

Ngubani ochaphazeleka kakhulu koku?

• Kubantu abaselula: Ukuba le meko iyenzeka kubantu abaselula, idla ngokubangelwa kukuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe imeko yentliziyo ababenayo xa babesebancinci.
• Kwabantu abadala: Abantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-75 ubudala banamathuba amaninzi okuba noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu emaphaphu , olunokubangela okanye lube mandundu ukujikeleza kwegazi emaphaphu.

Zithini iimpawu zoku?

Abantu abaninzi abane-pulmonary regurgitation abanazo naziphi na iimpawu kuba ukuvuza kwegazi kuncinci kakhulu. Iimpawu zinokwenzeka ukuba ukuvuza kuphakathi okanye kukhulu. Ezi zihlala zifana neempawu ezibonakala kwisifo sentliziyo. Ziquka:

• Ubunzima bokuphefumla (i-Dyspnea)
• Ukudinwa, ukudinwa
• Ndiziva ndidinwe, ndinentloko ebuhlungu
• Ukulahlekelwa zingqondo
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga okanye okukhawulezayo (I-Heart Palpitations)
• Ukudumba kwesisu, imilenze, okanye amaqatha

Ukuba une-Pulmonic Regurgitation (PR) okanye enye imeko, usenokuba nezinye iimpawu. Ezi mpawu ziya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwenye imeko.

Yintoni ebangela le meko?

Zininzi izinto ezinokubangela i-Pulmonic Regurgitation. Nazi ezinye zazo:

• Isifo sentliziyo esibizwa ngokuba yiRheumatic Heart Disease: I-Rheumatic fever yimeko ebangelwa lusulelo lwebhaktheriya olunganyangwanga olunokonakalisa iivalvu zentliziyo yakho. Ixhaphake kakhulu kumazwe asakhasayo.
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lwemiphunga: Kulapho uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwemithambo yegazi emiphungeni yakho lunyuka khona. Olu xinzelelo luphezulu lunokuchaphazela umthambo wemiphunga, apho uphuma khona entliziyweni. Olu xinzelelo luphezulu lunokubangela ukuba umthambo kunye nevalvu zoluleke, nto leyo ebangela ukuba igazi liphume ngevalvu.
• Iingxaki zeMfuzo: Ukubuyela kwesisu kwi-Pulmonic kuxhaphake kakhulu kubantu abaneengxaki ezithile zemfuza, ezifana neMarfan Syndrome .
• IiCarcinoid Tumors: Olu luhlobo lomhlaza olukhula kancinci nolungaqhelekanga. Ludla ngokuqala kwinkqubo yokugaya ukutya. Olu hlobo lomhlaza lunokubangela ukuba izicubu zecarcinoid zihlale entliziyweni, zivale ukuhamba kwegazi.
• I-Endocarditis: Oku kukudumba kwengaphakathi lentliziyo. Kubangelwa lusulelo. Abantu abakwi -dialysis , abo bane-intravenous (IV) ports ezisisigxina, kunye nabo bafaka iziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni basengozini enkulu.
• Ukwenzakala: Kunqabile kakhulu, ukwenzakala esifubeni sakho kunokonakalisa ivalvu yemiphunga.
• Iingxaki zokuzalwa: Imeko yokuzalwa yingxaki ozalwa nayo. Umzekelo, ukuzalwa unesifo esibizwa ngokuba yiTetralogy of Fallot , ukuzalwa ungenayo ivalvu yemiphunga, okanye ukuba nevalvu yemiphunga ozalwa nayo (Congenital Pulmonic Stenosis) .
• Unyango lwezonyango:Ukubuyela kwesisu emaphaphu kungenzeka emva kweminyaka emininzi emva kotyando okanye olunye unyango lwezifo zentliziyo ezizalwa nazo, ezifana neTetralogy of Fallot okanye iPulmonic Stenosis.
• Idiopathic: Ngamanye amaxesha akukho sizathu sifumanekayo.

Ingaba oku kuyasulela?

Hayi, i-Pulmonic Regurgitation ayisuleli . Nangona kunjalo, inokubangelwa lusulelo olusasazeka entliziyweni okanye lusulelo olubangela isifo sentliziyo esibangelwa yi-rheumatic.

Uyibona njani le nto?

Ukuhlaziya iingqondo (i-PR) ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba nzima ukuxilonga. Kuxhomekeke kubukhulu bengxaki kunye neempawu zakho. Ngokuqhelekileyo kubandakanya ukudibana kovavanyo lomzimba kunye novavanyo oluninzi lwemifanekiso.

Uvavanyo lomzimba

Ugqirha udla ngokwenza ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Inkangeleko: Ezinye iimpawu ziyabonakala, njengokudumba esiswini okanye emilenzeni.
• Ukutsalwa ngentloko: Ugqirha usenokuziva ukuba kukho ukudumba emilenzeni okanye esiswini sakho. Banokukutyekisa ngekona, bacinezele isisu sakho, baze bajonge ukuba akukho mithambo yentamo evuvukileyo. Oku kunokwenzeka xa kukho ingxaki efana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu emiphungeni, enokubangela ukuba imithambo yentamo ivuvukele.
• Ukumamela: Ungayimamela intliziyo yakho nge-stethoscope . Xa uphefumla kancinci ukuya kutsho ngamandla, unokuva intliziyo ikhala . Ezi zizandi ezingaqhelekanga ezenzeka xa intliziyo yakho ibetha ngenxa yegazi elihamba kwicala elingalunganga. Le yindlela elungileyo yokubamba le meko ngaphambi kokuba iimpawu zibonakale ngexesha lovavanyo lwezonyango lonyaka.

Luhlobo luni lovavanyo oluqhutywayo?

Uvavanyo oluya kufuneka ulwenze ukuze uxilonge esi sifo zezi:

• I-Electrocardiogram (ECG okanye i-EKG)
• I-X-reyi yesifuba
• I-Echocardiogram - Olu lolona vavanyo lubalulekileyo. Lufana ne-ultrasound scan yentliziyo.

Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela ezi mvavanyo:

• Ukulungiswa kweCatheter yentliziyo ekunene
• Umzobo weNgqiqo yeMagnetic yentliziyo (i-MRI yentliziyo)

Inyangwa njani? Ngaba inganyangeka?

Ukubuyela kwesisu emaphaphu kudla ngokunyangwa . Ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu, ngamanye amaxesha kunokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo . Nangona kunjalo, ukuba akukubi kakhulu, akunazimpawu, okanye zombini, unyango alufuneki. Nokuba kukubi kakhulu kodwa akunazimpawu, injongo yonyango kukuthintela imeko ukuba ingabi mandundu kwaye kuthintelwe umonakalo ongunaphakade kwicala lasekunene lentliziyo.

Luhlobo luni lwamayeza kunye nonyango olusetyenziswayo?

Ukuba imeko (Pulmonary Regurgitation) ibangelwa sisifo esithile,Inyathelo lokuqala kukunyanga okanye ukunyanga enye imeko. Oku kuya kuthintela igazi ukuba lingaphumi libuyele umva, okanye ubuncinane kunciphise ukuvuza, nto leyo enciphisa iingxaki kunye neempawu.

Ukuba oko akumisi ukopha, inyathelo elilandelayo kukunyanga ngokuthe ngqo. Unyango kunye nokunyanga i-pulmonary regurgitation kubandakanya ukutshintsha ivalvu ngokwayo. Oku kungenziwa ngeendlela ezimbini:

• Utyando: Ngale ndlela, ugqirha wotyando angafikelela entliziyweni yakho ngqo aze ayitshintshe ivalvu. Ivalvu entsha ingathathwa kumntu onikelayo, okanye ingenziwa nge-biosynthetic (yenziwe ngokudibanisa izinto zokwenziwa kunye nezicubu eziphilayo - ngokuqhelekileyo ezivela kwiihagu okanye kwiinkomo).
• Ukutshintshwa kweValve yePulmonary yeTranscatheter (TPVR): Kule nkqubo, kusetyenziswa isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-catheter ukutshintsha ivalve engaphakathi kwentliziyo. Ukuze enze oku, ugqirha wenza umngxuma omncinci kumthambo omkhulu wegazi entanyeni okanye ethangeni eliphezulu aze afake i-catheter. Isixhobo eside, esifana netyhubhu, emva koko sikhokelwa entliziyweni, incam ibekwe phezu kwevalve ekhoyo. Emva koko ivalve entsha iyavulwa, kwaye ivalve endala, eyonakeleyo iyatyunyuzwa phantsi kwayo. Iivalve ezibekwe ngale ndlela zihlala zi-bioprosthetic. Zinokuhlala malunga neminyaka eli-15.

Xa unyanga le meko, iimpawu ezikukhathaza kakhulu nazo ziyanyangwa. La mayeza adla ngokusebenza ngokususa ulwelo olugqithisileyo emzimbeni, aphumze imithambo yegazi ukuphucula ukuhamba kwegazi, okanye alawule okanye athintele ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga (i-arrhythmias) . Ukuba awunakwenziwa utyando ngesizathu esithile, amayeza anokunceda kwiimpawu zakho, kodwa amayeza odwa awayi kuyinyanga le meko.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba unevalvu engeyiyo eyeprosthetic, kunokufuneka uthathe amayeza okunciphisa igazi ubomi bakho bonke. La mayeza ayayeka ukwakheka kwamahlwili egazi ajikeleze ivalvu. Oku kunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki ezifana nestroke okanye i-pulmonary embolism.

Zithini iingxaki/iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango?

Izinga lempumelelo ye-TPVR ekunyangeni le meko liphezulu kakhulu . Utyando lwe-TPVR luphumelele kwi-94% ukuya kwi-98% yamatyala. Iingxaki ze-TPVR nazo aziqhelekanga kakhulu, zenzeka kwi-3% ukuya kwi-6% yamatyala (iingxaki eziqhelekileyo zizifo zemithambo yegazi yentliziyo okanye i-endocarditis ngenxa yosulelo).

Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga okanye iingxaki ezinokubakho zezi:

• Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga (iiArrhythmias)
• Usulelo olujikeleze indawo yotyando
• Ukopha ngaphandle kwevalvu
• Kufuneka nditshintshe ivalvu etshintshiweyo kwakhona
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga okanye iingxaki zamayeza (ezi zichaphazela kakhulu amayeza owasebenzisayo, ngoko ke ugqirha wakho ngumntu ofanelekileyo ukukuxelela ngale nto)

Ndingazinyamekela njani/ndingazilawula njani iimpawu?

Le meko ingafana nezinye izifo ezininzi zentliziyo ezisongela ubomi, ngoko ke ungazami ukuzixilonga nokuzinyanga ngokwakho . Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba unale ngxaki, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza. Yena angakufumanisa ukuba unayo na le meko aze acebise iindlela zonyango.

Ndiza kuziva bhetele nini emva konyango? Kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuze ndiphile?

Ixesha lokuchacha kwesi sifo lixhomekeke kunyango. Utyando alulonyango luqhelekileyo, kwaye luthatha ixesha elide ukuchacha. Abantu abenze utyando lwe-(Pulmonic Regurgitation) bangathatha iiveki okanye iinyanga ukuchacha. Ixesha lokuchacha (TPVR) lifutshane kakhulu , kwaye uya kuqala ukuziva ungcono kwiintsuku ezimbalwa.

Ndingayithintela njani le nto? Ndingayinciphisa njani ingozi?

I-Pulmonic Regurgitation (PR) yimeko engenakukhuselwa kuba yenzeka ngequbuliso. Ingakumbi ukuba ibangelwa ziimeko ozalelwe kuzo. Into onokuyenza kukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho ngokuphepha iimeko okanye iimeko ezinokubangela oko.

Eyona ndlela yokunciphisa umngcipheko kukuphepha usulelo olunokubangela oku . Oko kuthetha ukuba naluphi na usulelo, ingakumbi umphimbo obuhlungu ofana nomphimbo obuhlungu, kufuneka lunyangwe ngokukhawuleza. Oku kunokuthintela usulelo ekubeni lube sisifo sentliziyo esibizwa ngokuba yi-rheumatic heart disease okanye lusasazeke ngqo entliziyweni luze lonakalise.

Iyintoni ikamva lale meko?

Uninzi lwabantu abane-pulmonary regurgitation abanalo igazi eliphuma kwivalvu encinci. Kubo, ikamva labo lihle , kwaye ubomi babo bufanele bufane nobabo bantu bangenayo le meko.

Nokuba kukho ukuvuza okuphakathi, imeko idla ngokuba ntle xa ifunyaniswe kwaye inyangwa kwangethuba , ingakumbi ukuba kukho unobangela onokubangela ukuba inyangeke okanye iguqulwe.

Ukuba uvuza kakhulu, imeko ixhomekeke kakhulu ekubeni uxilongwa kwaye unyangwa ngokukhawuleza kangakanani. Ngokubanzi, ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango kwandisa amathuba okuphiliswa kwesi sifo, okanye ubuncinane ukunciphisa iziphumo zaso . Ugqirha wakho angakuxelela ukuba imeko yakho injani kwaye yintoni onokuyenza ukuyiphucula.

Le meko iza kuhlala ixesha elingakanani?

Ukuba ayinyangwa, i-Pulmonary Regurgitation idla ngokuba yimeko ehlala ubomi bonke .

Ndingabuyela nini emsebenzini/esikolweni?

Uninzi lwabantu ludinga ukuhlala esibhedlele iintsuku ezine ukuya kwezintlanu kuphela ukuze lufumane i-TPVR, kwaye abantu abaninzi banokubuyela emsebenzini ngoko nangoko emva koko. Ukuba utyando endaweni ye-TPVR, kungathatha iiveki, kwaneenyanga, ukuba uphile kwaye ubuyele kwimisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo. Ugqirha wakho uya kukwazi ukukuxelela ukuba ungabuyela nini emsebenzini, esikolweni, okanye kwimisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo.

Ngaba le meko iyabulala?

Ukubuyela esimeni se-pulmonic akubulali ngokwako . Kunoko, kunokukhokelela kwezinye iimeko ezisongela ubomi ngokuhamba kwexesha. Yiyo loo nto kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba kufunyanwe isifo kwaye kunyangwe ngokukhawuleza.

Ndingazinyamekela njani?

Ugqirha wakho angakuxelela kanye into ekufuneka uyenze kunye nento onokuyenza ukulawula iimpawu zakho nokuzinyamekela. Ngokubanzi, kufuneka wenze ezi zinto:

• Sela amayeza akho ngokuchanekileyo: Sela amayeza akho njengoko uyalelwe. Yisele nje xa ukhumbula, kwaye ungawaphosi kuba nje kulula.
• Bona ugqirha wakho: Nokuba awunalo unyango, ugqirha wakho usenokucwangcisa amadinga okulandela ukuze ajonge imeko yakho. Ukumbona njengoko kucetyisiwe kunokunceda ekufumaneni iimpawu zokuqala zeengxaki okanye iingxaki.
• Musa ukuzibhokoxa kakhulu: Ugqirha wakho angakuxelela ukuba unciphise imisebenzi yakho. Oku kuya kukunceda uphephe ukucinezela intliziyo yakho kakhulu, nto leyo enokwenza iimpawu okanye imeko yakho ibe mandundu.
• Nika ingqalelo kwindlela oziva ngayo: Ukunikel’ ingqalelo emzimbeni wakho kunye neempawu zakho kunokukunceda ufumane iimpawu zokuqala zengxaki kwaye ufumane unyango ngaphambi kokuba imeko ibangele iingxaki ezingapheliyo.

Ndifanele nditsalele umnxeba okanye ndimbone nini ugqirha wam?

Ukuba iimpawu zakho ziyaphinda zibuye okanye zitshintshe ngokungalindelekanga, kufuneka uthethe nogqirha wakho. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba utshintsho luyenzeka ngequbuliso okanye ukuba iimpawu ziqala ukuphazamisana nemisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo .

Ndingaya nini kwiSebe leeNgxamiseko (i-ETU) ?

Kufuneka uye esibhedlele ukuba unezinye zezi mpawu zilandelayo. Ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zokusilela kwentliziyo, ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo, okanye ezinye izifo zentliziyo ezinzulu:

• Ubunzima bokuphefumla (i-Dyspnea)
• Ukudinwa okuphindaphindiweyo okanye ukulahlekelwa yingqondo ngequbuliso
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga okanye okukhawulezayo (I-Heart Palpitations)
• Ukudumba okutsha esiswini okanye emilenzeni nasemaqatheni

Okokugqibela, umyalezo oya ekhaya:

Ukubuyela kwesisu esiswini yimeko eqhelekileyo, kwaye kubantu abaninzi ayisosizathu sokuxhalaba. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iba nzima, inokubangela iimpawu eziphazamisa ubomi bakho. Ukuba ayinyangwa, ekugqibeleni inokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinzulu, ezide zibulale.

Ngethamsanqa, le meko idla ngokunyangwa - kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ide inyangeke . Kwaye, izinga lempumelelo lonyango oluqhelekileyo liphezulu kakhulu. Ngoko ke, ukuba unamathandabuzo malunga noku, musa ukulibazisa ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha.

Ukubuyela kweValve yePulmonic , isifo sevalve yentliziyo, ukuphuma kwegazi emva, i-ventricle yasekunene, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lwemiphunga, ukuphefumla okufutshane