Ngaba umntwana wakho unazo ezi mpawu? Masiqaphele iReye's Syndrome!

Ngaba wakha waphawula ukuba umntwana wakho unomkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane, aze ngequbuliso atshintshe indlela aziphethe ngayo, ahlanze rhoqo, okanye alale kakhulu? Ukuba ubona utshintsho olunjalo, musa ukulutyeshela njengesiqhelo. Kuba, lunokuba luphawu lwesimo esingaqhelekanga kodwa esinokuba yingozi esibizwa ngokuba yi-"Reye's Syndrome." Makhe sithethe ngale nto namhlanje.

Yintoni iReye's Syndrome?

Ngamafutshane, iReye's Syndrome yimeko engaqhelekanga kodwa enokuba yingozi. Yenzeka xa ingqondo yomntwana idumba kwaye ukusebenza kwesibindi kuyeka ngequbuliso emva kosulelo lwentsholongwane, ngesiqhelo umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, okanye i-chickenpox. Le meko idla ngokubonakala xa abantwana benikwa i-aspirin ukulawula iimpawu zosulelo lwentsholongwane. Ezi mpawu zinokubonakala kwiveki emva kokuqala kosulelo lwentsholongwane.

Ngubani onokuthi abe neReye's Syndrome?

Oku kuthathwa njengesifo sabantwana. Nangona kunjalo, sinokuvela nakweyiphi na iminyaka. Nangona kunjalo, sibonakala kakhulu kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 ubudala. Esi simo sixelwa ngakumbi ngexesha lasekwindla nasebusika (kwilizwe lethu, ngexesha lemvula, xa izifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane zixhaphakile).

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?

Enyanisweni, iReye's Syndrome ngoku yimeko engaqhelekanga kakhulu. Umzekelo, eMelika, zimbini kuphela iimeko zesi sifo ezixelwayo minyaka le.

Eyona nto iphambili kukuba abantu ngoku bayazi ngakumbi ngesi sifo. Ngokukodwa, abazali abaninzi bayazi ukuba ayisiyongcinga ilungileyo ukunika umntwana i-aspirin ukunyanga iimpawu xa enomkhuhlane. Kwakhona, ukugonyelwa izifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane ezifana nomkhuhlane kunye ne-chickenpox kuye kunciphisa ukuxhaphaka kwesi sifo.

I-Reye's Syndrome iyichaphazela njani umzimba womntwana?

Emva kokosuleleka yintsholongwane, njengomkhuhlane okanye i-chickenpox, umntwana wakho unokuqala ukuba neempawu ezintsha kwiintsuku ezimbalwa (mhlawumbi iveki). Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyikhumbule kukuba ungaze unike umntwana wakho i-aspirin ngenxa yeempawu zakhe ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha. Ukwenza njalo kunokunyusa umngcipheko weReye's Syndrome.

I-Reye's Syndrome ibangela ukunyuka ngequbuliso koxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwengqondo yomntwana, nto leyo enokubangela utshintsho olukhawulezileyo kwindlela aziphethe ngayo nabuntwini bakhe. Khawuthelekelele umntwana wakho odlalayo nowonwabileyo ephelelwa ngumdla kwiithoyi zakhe azithandayo, okanye ecaphuka lula okanye ephazamiseka ngenxa yezinto ezibonakala zingabalulekanga. Olu tshintsho kwimo yengqondo lunokuba luphawu lokuqala lwe-Reye's Syndrome. Ukuba uyazibona ezi mpawu kwangethuba, ungaqala unyango ngokukhawuleza kwaye uncede umntwana wakho aphile.

Ziziphi iimpawu zeReye's Syndrome?

Iimpawu zingahluka kumntu nomntu, kwaye ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu besifo. Iimpawu zokuqala zezosulelo oluqhelekileyo lwentsholongwane. Oko kukuthi, umkhuhlane, umphimbo obuhlungu, umkhuhlane, okanye i-chickenpox. Emva kweentsuku ezintlanu ukuya kwezisixhenxe zeempawu zosulelo lwentsholongwane, iimpawu ezinxulumene neReye's Syndrome ziqala ukubonakala. Nazi:

• Ukuhlanza rhoqo.
• Ndiziva ndidiniwe kakhulu kwaye ndisozela .
• Izinto ezinje ngexhala, ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, ukudideka, kunye nokubona izinto ezingekhoyo .
• Utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha: inkani, umsindo okhawulezayo, ingxabano.
• Ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza.

Olu tshintsho ekusebenzeni kwengqondo lwenzeka ngenxa yoxinzelelo oluphezulu ngaphakathi kwekhakayi (`(Uxinzelelo lwe-Intracranial)`). Kwangaxeshanye, ukusebenza kwesibindi nako kuyaphazamiseka. Ukuba isifo siba sibi kakhulu, ungabona neempawu ezifana nezi:

• Ukuxhuzula.
• I-Coma yimeko yokungazi nto, efana nokulala ubuthongo obunzulu.
• Ukulahlekelwa ngokupheleleyo yingqondo.
• Iingxaki zokuqunjelwa kwegazi.
• Ukwanda kwamanqanaba e-ammonia egazini.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba umntwana wakho ubonakalisa enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, nokuba ngexesha lomkhuhlane obangelwa yintsholongwane okanye kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuba umkhuhlane uphelile, kufuneka ufune iingcebiso zonyango ngokukhawuleza, kuba ezi zinto zinokuba yingozi ebomini.

Yintoni ebangela iReye's Syndrome?

Enyanisweni, unobangela ochanekileyo weReye's Syndrome awukafunyanwa.

Nangona kunjalo, le meko idla ngokubangelwa kukunika umntwana onentsholongwane ye-aspirin okanye i-salicylates ukulawula iimpawu. Ezinye izifo zentsholongwane ezinokubangela i-Reye's Syndrome ziquka:

• Umkhuhlane
• Iqhwiqhwi
• Usulelo lokuphefumla
• Okubandayo Okunye

Iimpawu zeReye's Syndrome zibangelwa kukuqokelelana kolwelo okanye uxinzelelo oluphezulu kwizicubu zobuchopho (i-cerebral edema) kunye notshintsho kwisibindi.

Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuba le meko esibindini yenzeka ngenxa yomonakalo kwi-mitochondria (`(Mitochondria)`) kwiiseli. I-Mitochondria (`(Mitochondria)`), ngokufutshane, zizityalo ezincinci zamandla ezibonelela ngamandla kwiiseli zethu. Xa ezi zonakele, ukusebenza kwesibindi kuyaphazamiseka kwaye iimpawu ziyavela. Nangona kunjalo, akukacaci ukuba kutheni ezi mitochondria (`(Mitochondria)`) zonakele.

Ngaba i-Aspirin ibangela iReye's Syndrome?

Izifundo zibonise ukuba i-aspirin okanye into ebizwa ngokuba yi-salicylate inokubangela i-Reye's Syndrome kwaye yonyuse ubukhali beempawu. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, unobangela ochanekileyo useyimfihlakalo. Ngoko ke, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha ngaphambi kokuba unike umntwana wakho i-aspirin xa enesifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane njengomkhuhlane. Funda ilebhile yalo naliphi na iyeza olinika umntwana ngononophelo, uqiniseke ukuba lifanelekile ngokweminyaka yakhe kwaye lifanele njani ukumnika lona. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba unemibuzo.

Indlela iReye's Syndrome esebenza ngayo emzimbeni (iPathophysiology)

Iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo (`(Pathophysiology)`) zendlela esisebenza ngayo esi sifo emzimbeni womntwana azikaqondwa ngokupheleleyo.

Nangona kunjalo, izifundo zibonisa ukuba le meko ikhula xa iiseli ze-mitochondria (`(Mitochondria)`) ezonakeleyo zidibana nosulelo lwentsholongwane. Ukuba i-aspirin ingena emzimbeni womntwana ngeli xesha, umonakalo kwi-mitochondria (`(Mitochondria)`) uyanda kwaye iimpawu ziba mandundu. Ngenxa ye-mitochondria eyonakeleyo (`(Mitochondria)`), inqanaba le-ammonia egazini liyakhula. Emva koko ingqondo iqala ukudumba (`(Cerebral edema kunye noxinzelelo lwangaphakathi kwentloko)`). Xa uxinzelelo engqondweni lukhula kakhulu, izicubu ezinamafutha kwizintso ziqala ukonakala (`(Fatty degeneration)`), kwaye umsebenzi weeseli zemithambo-luvo (`(Neurons)`) nawo uyancipha.

Ifunyanwa njani iReye's Syndrome? (Ukuxilongwa)

Oogqirha banokukrokrela ukuba umntwana une-Reye's Syndrome ukuba une-virus aze emva koko abonise iimpawu ezihambelana neReye's Syndrome, ezinje ngokuhlanza nokutshintsha kwendlela yokuziphatha (njengokuphazamiseka, ukudideka). Emva koko baya kwenza uvavanyo olwahlukeneyo ukuze bahlule ezinye iimeko ezinokubangela iimpawu ezifanayo.

Ukuba umntwana wakho ufunyaniswe eneReye's Syndrome, iya kwahlulwa ngokwamanqanaba ngokusekelwe kubukhali bayo. La manqanaba aphawulwe ngamanani esiRoma ukusuka ku-I (elinye - elinzima kakhulu) ukuya ku-V (ezintlanu - elinzima kakhulu).

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezisetyenziswayo ukufumanisa isifo?

Ugqirha angenza iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba unesifo. Ezi ziquka:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Jonga inqanaba le-ammonia egazini kwaye ujonge ubuthi obukwimchamo.
• Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso: I-MRI okanye i-CT scan yobuchopho.
• Uvavanyo lwesibindi: Ukuthatha iqhekeza elincinci lesibindi ukuze lihlolwe.
• Ukumpompa komqolo: Uvavanyo lolwelo olujikeleze ingqondo kunye nomqolo (ulwelo lwe-cerebrospinal).

Ngaba isifo sikaReye singachongwa ngendlela engafanelekanga?

Ngenxa yokuba iimpawu zeReye's Syndrome zifana nezezinye izifo ezininzi, ngamanye amaxesha zinokuchongwa ngendlela engafanelekanga. Nangona kunjalo, oku akuqhelekanga. Ezinye zeemeko ezinokuchongwa ngendlela engafanelekanga ziquka:

• I-Encephalitis (umkhuhlane wobuchopho)
• I-Meningitis (`(Meningitis)`)
• Isifo seswekile (`(Isifo seswekile)`)
• Ukugqithisa iziyobisi
• Ityhefu (`(Ityhefu)`)
• Isifo sokufa kweentsana ngequbuliso (`(Isifo sokufa kweentsana ngequbuliso)`)
• Isigulo sengqondo

Inyangwa njani iReye's Syndrome?

Injongo ephambili yonyango kukukhusela ingqondo yomntwana. Oku kuthetha ukunciphisa ukudumba kwengqondo, ukulungisa umonakalo kwisibindi kunye neenkqubo ze-metabolic (`(Ukulimala kweMetabolic)`), kunye nokuthintela iingxaki zemiphunga. Unyango lungabandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• Ukuze kube lula ukuphefumla, faka ityhubhu kwi-windpipe (endotracheal intubation) okanye uyidibanise ne-ventilator.
• Ukugcina intloko yomntwana iphakanyisiwe.
• Ukunika amayeza okunciphisa amanqanaba e-ammonia egazini (`(izinto ezisusa ubuthi kwi-ammonia)`).
• Ukunika amayeza okulawula iswekile egazini (`(iglucose)`).
• Nika i-vitamin K okanye i-plasma ukuphucula ukujiya kwegazi.

Ukuba umntwana wakho ufunyaniswe eneReye's Syndrome, uza kungeniswa kwiYunithi yoKhathalelo oluNzulu (ICU) ngoko nangoko kwaye unyango luza kuqala. Iqela lezonyango liza kuhlala lijonga yonke into, kuquka ubushushu bomzimba womntwana kunye nokusebenza kwamalungu omzimba, ukuze libone ukuba unyango luphumelele na.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango?

Uninzi lwabantwana abafunyaniswe beneReye's Syndrome bayachacha ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukudumba kwengqondo yomntwana kukhulu kakhulu, ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokubakho. Ezi ziquka:

• Ukulahleka kwenkumbulo (`(Ukulahleka kwenkumbulo)`)
• Ubunzima bokufunda (`(Ubunzima bokufunda)`)
• Ukulahlekelwa ngumbono nokuva
• Ingxaki yokuthetha nolwimi
• Ubunzima bokushukumisa umzimba nokwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, njengokunxiba.

Kwiimeko ezinje, umntwana udinga inkxaso ekhethekileyo kunye nenkathalo njengoko ekhula.

Umntwana uza kuphila ngokukhawuleza kangakanani emva konyango?

Emva konyango, xa ukudumba kwengqondo yomntwana wakho kuphelile, uya kuqala ukuchacha. Kungathatha iintsuku ezimbalwa ukuya kwiiveki ezimbalwa ukuba umntwana wakho aphile ngokwaneleyo ukuba aphume esibhedlele. Iqela lezonyango liza kukugcina unolwazi ngenkqubela yomntwana wakho.

Yintoni endinokuyilindela ukuba umntwana wam uneReye's Syndrome?

Uqikelelo lwesifo somntwana luxhomekeke kubunzulu besifo, ingakumbi ubunzulu bokudumba kwengqondo kunye nenqanaba le-ammonia egazini. Ukuba isifo siqhubeka ngokukhawuleza kwaye umntwana ewela kwi-coma, amathuba okuchacha mancinci. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba isifo sichongiwe kwaye sinyangwa kwangethuba, amathuba okuchacha aphezulu kakhulu.

Izinga lokufa kwabantwana abafunyaniswe beneReye's Syndrome limalunga ne-21%. Oku kususela ngaphantsi kwe-2% yabantwana abanesifo sesigaba soku-1 (esincinci) ukuya kwi-80% yabantwana abanesigaba soku-V (coma). Ukuqatshelwa kwangoko kunye nonyango kwandisa kakhulu amathuba okusinda.

Abantwana abafumana iimpawu eziqatha zeReye's Syndrome banokuba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezihlala ixesha elide. Umzekelo, umonakalo wengqondo, iingxaki zokukhula kwengqondo, isifo sokuwa, ubuthathaka bemisipha, kunye neengxaki zemithambo-luvo.

Ngaba ikho indlela ethile yokunyanga iReye's Syndrome?

Akukho ndlela ithile yokunyanga oku. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwabantwana luyaphila ngokupheleleyo, kuxhomekeke ekubeni isifo sifunyenwe njani. Unyango lujolise ekunciphiseni iimpawu nokuthintela iingxaki ezihlala ixesha elide okanye ukufa.

Ungayithintela njani iReye's Syndrome?

Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo sonke ekufuneka siyazi. Ekubeni kukho unxibelelwano phakathi kwe-aspirin kunye ne-Reye's Syndrome, esi sifo sinokuthintelwa ngokuphepha ukunika abantwana i-aspirin, ingakumbi abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-16 ubudala. Ukuba umntwana wakho ufuna i-aspirin ukunyanga imeko yempilo, ungaze umnike i-aspirin ngaphandle kokuthetha nogqirha ngayo.

Soloko ufunda ileyibhile ngononophelo ngaphambi kokuba unike umntwana naliphi na iyeza, jonga ukuba iyeza lifanelekile na ngokweminyaka, kwaye ujonge imiyalelo yokuba ungalinika njani. Ukuba unamathandabuzo, buza ugqirha wakho okanye ikhemisti.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba umntwana wakho ubonisa naziphi na iimpawu zeReye's Syndrome emva kokuba enomkhuhlane okanye usulelo olubangelwa yintsholongwane, okanye ukuba unike umntwana wakho i-aspirin okanye iyeza eliqulethe i-salicylate ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Ndingaya nini kwiSebe leeNgxamiseko (i-ETU) ?

Ukuba umntwana wakho unesithuthwane (`(Ukuxhuzula)`), oko kuthetha ukuba ulahlekelwa zingqondo okwethutyana, ashukumise iingalo nemilenze yakhe ngokungalawulekiyo, aphazamiseke, okanye abonise iimpawu zokudideka, fowunela u-911 ngoko nangoko, okanye umse kwigumbi likaxakeka elikufutshane. Isithuthwane sidla ngokuthatha imizuzwana engama-30 ukuya kwimizuzu emibini.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

• Ngaba umntwana wam usenokuba neempawu zeReye's Syndrome emva kokuba ephumile esibhedlele?
• Ukuxilongwa kweReye's Syndrome kuza kuyichaphazela njani ikamva lomntwana wam?
• Ngawaphi amayeza endingafanele ndiwanike umntwana wam xa egula?

Ngaba idosi enye yePepto-Bismol® inokubangela iReye's Syndrome?

I-Pepto-Bismol® ikwanayo nento ebizwa ngokuba yi-salicylate, efana ne-aspirin. Ngenxa yoko, akukhuthazwa ukuba uyinike abantwana ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha. Ukunika i-aspirin ngexesha losulelo lwentsholongwane olufana nomkhuhlane kunokubangela iimpawu zeReye's Syndrome. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, unobangela ochanekileyo weReye's Syndrome awukaziwa okwangoku. Soloko ufunda ilebheli okanye ubuze ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba unike umntwana naliphi na iyeza.

Okokugqibela, umyalezo obaluleke kakhulu

Ukuba uyazi iimpawu zeReye's Syndrome kwaye ubona utshintsho kwindlela umntwana wakho aziphethe ngayo okanye iimpawu ezintsha emva kokuba enesifo seentsholongwane, kungcono ukubona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza. Gcina umntwana wakho enolwazi malunga nokugonywa kwakhe. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ngamaxesha apho izifo zentsholongwane zixhaphakile (njengexesha lemvula). Ukuba umntwana wakho ufunyaniswe eneReye's Syndrome, iqela lakho lezonyango liya kukwazisa ngemeko yempilo yomntwana wakho kwaye likunike inkxaso efunekayo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuhlala uzolile kwaye wenze ngobulumko.

Isifo sikaReye , i-aspirin, izifo zabantwana, umkhuhlane wentsholongwane, isifo sesibindi, ukudumba kwengqondo, ukuhlanza