Umkhuhlane othwalwa ziincukuthu! Masifunde ngeRocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Ngaba wakha waphuma uhamba ehlathini, engceni ende, okanye udlala nesilwanyana sakho sasekhaya uze udibane nesidalwa esincinci esifana ne-tick? Ngamanye amaxesha ezi zidalwa zincinci zinokuba yingxaki enkulu. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesifo esinokudluliselwa yi-tick, kwaye sinokuba yingozi kancinci. Sibizwa ngokuba yi-Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever. Eli gama lisenokungabonakali libalulekile eSri Lanka, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela izifo ezithwalwa yi-tick ezifana nale.

Yintoni iRocky Mountain Spotted Fever?

Ngamafutshane, iRocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) sisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yiRickettsia rickettsii. Sisasazeka ngokulunywa ziincukuthu. Iimpawu zokuqala - ezinje ngomkhuhlane, intloko ebuhlungu, kunye nokurhawuzelelwa lusu - zinokufana nezinye izifo eziqhelekileyo. Kodwa ukuba ayinyangwa ngokukhawuleza, iRMSF inokuba yingozi ebomini.

Esi sifo, i-RMSF, sikwelinye lamaqela amakhulu ezifo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-'Spotted Fever Rickettsiosis (SFR)'.

Ngaba iRocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) kunye nesifo seLyme ziyafana?

Ewe, nangona zombini zizifo ezithwalwa ziincukuthu, iRocky Mountain Spotted Fever kunye nesifo seLyme zizifo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo. Isifo seLyme sibangelwa yibhaktiriya eyahlukileyo kuneRMSF, kwaye iimpawu zahlukile. Umntu oneRMSF akayi kuba nesifo seLyme.

Ngubani onokufumana iRocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF)?

Nabani na okwindawo apho kukho khona iimpukane – ezifana nengca ende, iindawo ezinamahlathi, okanye izilwanyana zasekhaya ezingaphandle – angasifumana esi sifo. Amatyala e-RMSF abikwe eMelika, eKhanada, eMexico, nakuMzantsi nakuMbindi Melika. Nangona amatyala anokuvela nangaliphi na ixesha lonyaka, elona nani liphezulu lamatyala libonwa ngexesha leenyanga ezishushu.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu?

Nabani na angayifumana i-RMSF nangaliphi na ixesha. Nangona kunjalo, kubikwa ukuba ixhaphake kakhulu kumadoda nakubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-40 ubudala. Usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba ne-RMSF enzima ukuba :

• Ukuba ungaphantsi kweminyaka eli-10 okanye ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-70 ubudala.
• Ukuba unesiphene se-`Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)`.
• Ukuba inkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhusela ayisebenzi kakuhle.

Ixhaphake kangakanani iRocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF)?

E-United States, malunga ne-6,000 iimeko ze-RMSF zixelwa minyaka le. Nangona igama elithi "Rocky Mountain," lixhaphake kakhulu kumazwe afana neNorth Carolina, eTennessee, eMissouri, eArkansas, nase-Oklahoma. I-RMSF inokwenzeka kakhulu ehlotyeni, xa ii-ticks zininzi kwaye abantu behlala ngaphandle.

I-Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) iyichaphazela njani umzimba wam?

Ibhaktheriya ebangela i-RMSF, `R. rickettsii`, ingena egazini lakho ngokulunywa yikhalane. Emva koko ibhaktheriya ihlasela imithambo yegazi yakho, iiseli zemisipha, kunye nezicubu. Oku kunokubangela ukuba igazi liphume kwimithambo yegazi yakho, ulwelo luqokelele kwizicubu zakho, kwaye lonakalise imisipha yakho, imithambo-luvo, kunye namalungu omzimba.

Zithini iimpawu zeRocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF)?

Ukuba ulunywe yikhalane enesifo, ungaqala ukuba neempawu ze-RMSF kwiintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwiiveki ezimbini. Iimpawu zihlala zikhula kancinci kancinci kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Ekuqaleni zingabandakanya umkhuhlane, intloko ebuhlungu, isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, kunye neentlungu zemisipha .

Okona kubaluleke kakhulu: Abanye abantu baya kuba nerhashalala kwiintsuku ezintathu (malunga nama-50%). Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukufuna unyango ngaphandle kokulinda ukuba irhashalala ivele.

Iimpawu eziphambili ze-RMSF zezi:

• Umkhuhlane ophezulu
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Umnqweno wokutya
• Intlungu okanye ukuqaqamba kwemisipha
• Irhashalala lolusu – lidla ngokuqala ezihlahleni nasemaqatheni lize lisasazeke nakwamanye amalungu omzimba.
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
• Isisu esibuhlungu
• Uloyiko lokukhanya (photophobia)

Iimpawu ezinzima ezinokuthi zivele kamva:

• Ukudideka
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla (ukuphelelwa ngamandla)
• Ixhala, ukungazinzi, okanye ukuphazamiseka
• Ukuxhuzula
• Ubuthuntu okanye ubuthathaka kwimilenze

Isasazeka njani iRocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF)?

Iinki zithwala kwaye zisasaza i-RMSF. E-United States, i-American dog tick kunye ne-Rocky Mountain wood tick zezona zibangela ezi ngxaki. Kwezinye iindawo, ezinye iintlobo zeenki, ezifana ne-brown dog tick, nazo zinokusasaza i-RMSF.

Ingaba i-RMSF iyasulela ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye?

Hayi, iRocky Mountain Spotted Fever ayisuleli (oko kukuthi, ayisosifo sisulelayo).

Uyazi njani ukuba ikhalane lilunyiwe?

Ukuba awuboni khala emzimbeni wakho, ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba nzima ukubona ukuba ulunywe khala. Ikhala lingashiya uphawu apho lilunywe khona, lingashiya irhashalala, okanye lingaphela lingenazo iimpawu kwaphela.

Ifunyanwa njani iRocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF)?

Ugqirha wakho uza kuxilonga i-RMSF ngokusekelwe kuvavanyo lomzimba, iimpawu zakho, kunye nokuba ulunywe yikhalane na. Nangona uvavanyo lwegazi kunye novavanyo lolusu lunokunceda ekuxilongeni i-RMSF, iziphumo zezi vavanyo azifumaneki ngokukhawuleza ngokwaneleyo ukuqala unyango.

Ukuba ukhe waya kwindawo apho kunokwenzeka ukuba kubekho iincukuthu kwiiveki ezimbini ezidlulileyo, nokuba awukhumbuli ukulunywa yincukuthu okanye ukuba nencukuthu emzimbeni wakho, qiniseka ukuba uxelele ugqirha wakho. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kubo ukuze bagqibe ekubeni banyange na i-RMSF.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezisetyenziselwa ukufumanisa i-RMSF?

Ugqirha wakho angaxilonga i-RMSF ngovavanyo lwegazi kunye novavanyo lolusu, kodwa iziphumo zingathatha ixesha ukubuya. Ugqirha wakho kuya kufuneka agqibe ukuba uza kuyinyanga na i-RMSF ngaphambi kokuba iziphumo zovavanyo lwakho zibuye.

• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Kuthathwa isampulu yegazi lakho ukuze kuhlolwe iintsholongwane ezibangela i-RMSF. Igazi lakho lidla ngokungafumani bungqina bokuba une-RMSF de kube ziintsuku ezisi-7-10 emva kokuba ugula. Kusenokufuneka uphinde wenze uvavanyo lwegazi ukuba isigulo sakho siba mandundu okanye emva kokuba uphilile.
• Uvavanyo lolusu: Isixhobo esikhethekileyo esibizwa ngokuba yi-punch sisetyenziselwa ukuthatha iqhekeza elincinci lolusu kwisilonda esiselusu lwakho (oku kunokuvakala ngathi kukuhlatywa okanye ukurhawuzelelwa kancinci). Emva koko isampuli yolusu iyavavanywa ukuze kubonwe iimpawu zebhaktheriya i-R. rickettsii.

Inyangwa njani iRocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF)?

I-RMSF inyangwa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane , adla ngokuthathwa iintsuku ezisi-7 ukuya kwezili-10.

Unyango lusebenza kakuhle ukuba uqala unyango kwiintsuku ezintlanu emva kokuba iimpawu zakho ziqalile. Ukuba uqala amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane sele kudlule ixesha elide, i-RMSF inokonakalisa umzimba wakho kwaye ibangele iingxaki ezisongela ubomi.

Ukuba ufumana iingxaki, ungadinga unyango olongezelelweyo. Oku kungabandakanya utofelo-gazi, ukuphefumla ngomatshini, okanye olunye unyango.

Ngawaphi amayeza asetyenziswa kwi-RMSF?

I-Doxycycline yeyona antibiotic icetyiswayo ukunyanga i-RMSF. Ukuba une-allergy kwi -doxycycline , ugqirha wakho angakunika i-chloramphenicol njengenye indlela. Nangona kunjalo, i-chloramphenicol kunzima ukuyifumana kwamanye amazwe, kwaye ayisebenzi kakuhle kwi-RMSF njenge -doxycycline .

Ungazilawula njani iimpawu ze-RMSF?

Ukuba iimpawu zakho azikho qatha, unokukwazi ukuzilawula ekhaya ngamayeza athengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukubuza ugqirha wakho ukuba zeziphi amayeza akhuselekileyo ukuwasebenzisa.

Ndingaphila ngokukhawuleza kangakanani emva konyango lwe-RMSF?

Ukuba uqala amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kwangoko nje ukuba iimpawu zakho ze-RMSF ziqale, kuya kufuneka uzive ungcono kwiiyure ezingama-48. Nangona kunjalo, kuya kufuneka uthathe amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa. Nokuba uzive ungcono, qhubeka uthatha onke amayeza njengoko kuyalelwe. Ukuba iimpawu zakho aziphucuki, bona ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.

Ndingayinciphisa njani ingozi yeRocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF)?

Ukuphepha ukulunywa ziincukuthu yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokunciphisa umngcipheko we-RMSF.

• Cheba ingca yakho rhoqo. Ingca ende ngaphezu kwe-5 intshi itsala iimpukane.
• Xa uhamba kwiindawo ezinamahlathi, sebenzisa iindlela ezicociweyo kuphela.
• Sebenzisa izitshizi zeencukuthu ezinezithako ezigxotha iincukuthu (umzekelo, ezo ziqulethe i-DEET).
• Xa usiya ehlathini okanye kwiindawo ezinengca ende, nxiba impahla egubungela umzimba wakho kangangoko unako. Ezinye iimpahla ziza sele zinyangiwe ukuze zikhuseleke kwiingcongconi.
• Jonga umzimba wakho ukuba awunazo na iimpukane emva kokuba ubuyile ngaphandle. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, cela omnye umntu ukuba ahlole iindawo ongaziboniyo (njengomqolo okanye ulusu lwentloko).
• Khusela izilwanyana zakho zasekhaya kwiingcongconi ngonyango olucetyiswa ngugqirha wezilwanyana. Soloko ujonga iingcongconi emva kokuba ziphumile.

Yintoni onokuyilindela ukuba unesifo seRocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF)?

Uninzi lwabantu luyachacha kwi-RMSF ngaphandle kweengxaki zexesha elide ukuba bafumana unyango kwangethuba emva kokuba iimpawu ziqalile. Abanye abantu banokuba neengxaki ezinkulu kangangokuba bafune ukulaliswa esibhedlele ukuze bafumane unyango.

Nokuba usempilweni, ngamanye amaxesha iingxaki zempilo ezihlala ixesha elide zinokubakho.

Iingxaki zeRocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF)

Nokuba unyango lwe-antibiotics lusetyenziswa, abanye abantu abane-RMSF banokuba neengxaki ezinzulu okanye ezisongela ubomi, kuquka:

• I-Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
• Ukulimala kwezintso okubukhali
• Ukudumba kwepulmonary
• I-anemia
• Isifo sentliziyo
• Ukopha ngaphakathi
• I-Sepsis (imeko efana nokutyhefwa kwegazi)
• Ukukhubazeka okuncinci
• Ukungakwazi ukulawula ukuhamba kwendle (`ukungakwazi ukuzibamba`) okanye umchamo (`ukungakwazi ukuzibamba`)
• I-gangrene efuna ukunqunyulwa kwesikhumba
• Usulelo/ukudumba kobuchopho (i-encephalitis)
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwamalungu omzimba

Imbono ye-RMSFs

Amathuba okuchacha kwi-RMSF mahle ukuba inyangwa kwangethuba. E-United States, izinga lokufa ngenxa ye-RMSF, nokuba kunyangwa, liphakathi kwe-5% ne-10%. Kwamanye amazwe, afana neMexico neBrazil, eli nani liphezulu kakhulu.

Ukuba ugula kakhulu nge-RMSF, unokuba nemiphumo emibi ixesha elide nokuba sele uphilile. Umzekelo:

• Ukonakala kwemithambo-luvo okanye ukukhubazeka
• Ukulahlekelwa kukuva
• Ubunzima bokuthetha
• Ukulahlekelwa ngumbono
• Iingxaki zenkqubo yemithambo-luvo, ezifana neengxaki zokulinganisela okanye isiyezi (vertigo)

Ingaba iRocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) iyanyangeka ngokupheleleyo?

I-RMSF idla ngokuphela ngonyango. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu banokuqhubeka benazo iimpawu nasemva kokuba usulelo luphelile, ngenxa yomonakalo kwimithambo-luvo nakwizicwili.

Ukuba ayinyangwa, amathuba okufa ngenxa ye-RMSF aphakathi kwe-20% kunye ne-30%.

Ngaba i-RMSF ingenzeka ngaphezu kwesinye?

Akunakwenzeka ukuba ufumane i-RMSF izihlandlo ezingaphezu kwesinye. Iingcali zicinga ukuba wakuba une-RMSF, ukhulisa 'amandla okulwa nayo'. Oku kuthetha ukuba umzimba wakho uyazi indlela yokulwa nayo, ngoko ke ayizukuphinda yenzeke.

Ndingazinyamekela njani ukuba ndine-RMSF?

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukunyanga i-RMSF, qiniseka ukuba uwathatha onke amayeza akho njengoko kuyalelwe. Ukuba uyeka ukuthatha amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kwangethuba, ungagula kwakhona.

Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela indlela engcono yokulawula iimpawu zakho ekhaya. I-RMSF inokuba mandundu ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba ufumanisa iimpawu ezintsha okanye ukuba iimpawu zakho ziba mandundu, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha malunga neRocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF)?

Ukuba ulunywe yikhalane, okanye ukuba ubukwindawo apho kukho khona ikhalane kwaye uneempawu ze-RMSF, bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Nokuba ulunywe yikhalane kodwa ungenazo iimpawu, akufuneki ubone ugqirha okwangoku - ukuthatha amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ngaphandle kokugula akuyi kunceda ekuthinteleni i-RMSF.

Ndingaya nini kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU) ?

Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka elikufutshane:

• Ukuba umkhuhlane ungaphezulu kwama-39.4 Celsius (103 Fahrenheit)
• Ukuba ukhwehlela igazi
• Ukuba izandla okanye iinyawo zakho zidumbile
• Ukuba uneentlungu zesisu eziqatha
• Ukuba unokudideka okanye olunye utshintsho lwengqondo
• Ukuba kuvela izixhuzula
• Ukuba une-hayindwo okanye ubuthathaka kwimilenze yakho
• Ukuba uhlanza kakhulu

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

• Ndingawathatha njani amayeza am?
• Zeziphi iimpawu ezintsha okanye eziya ziba mandundu ekufuneka ndiziqaphele?
• Ndiza kukhawuleza kangakanani ukuba ngcono?
• Ndingabuya nini ndize kukubona kwakhona?

Izinto Ekufuneka Uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Omele Uwuthathe Ekhaya)

Iintakumba azikhathazi nje kuphela - ukuluma kwazo okuncinci kunokukwenza ugule kakhulu. Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuthintela iRocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) kukuphepha ukulunywa ziintakumba. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ulunywe ziintakumba kwaye uneempawu, bonana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Unyango lwangethuba yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuphiliswa ngokukhawuleza. Nyamekela impilo yakho kwaye uhlale ukhuselekile!

IiNkobe , Umkhuhlane onamabala eentaba eziRocky, Umkhuhlane, Amaqhuqhuva olusu, Usulelo lweebhaktheriya, Ukhuseleko lweeNkobe, Ii-Antibiotics