Masifunde ngqo ngezifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo (ii-STI)?

Ukuba ungumntu othandana nabanye abantu, usenokuba ukhe wazibuza ngale mibuzo ngamanye amaxesha. "Ngaba oku kuya kwenzeka nakum?" "Ndingazikhusela njani kwezi zinto?" Abanye abantu banokuziva beneentloni okanye besoyika xa bethetha ngezifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo (ii-STI) , kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nolwazi olupheleleyo ngazo. Kuba ukungazi kunokubangela umonakalo omkhulu. Ngoko ke, masithethe ngale nto ngokukhululekileyo nangokunyanisekileyo namhlanje.

Zithini izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo (ii-STI)?

Ngamafutshane, izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo (ii-STI) ziintsholongwane okanye iimeko onokuzifumana kuyo nayiphi na indlela yokwenza ngokwesondo ebandakanya umlomo wakho, i-anus, i-vagina, okanye i-penis. Abanye abantu babiza ezi "zifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo - ii-STD". Nangona kunjalo, "ii-STI" lelona gama lichanekileyo elisetyenziswayo namhlanje. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezi zifo.

Ezi zifo zinokusasazeka ngokukhawuleza . Ukuba ulala nomntu, usenokuba ne-STI kwaye ukwazi ukuyidlulisela komnye umntu, nokuba awunazo iimpawu. Yiyo loo nto imibutho yezempilo efana neZiko loLawulo lweZifo kunye nokuThintela (CDC) eMelika icebisa ukuba uvavanyelwe ii-STI rhoqo ukuba ulala nomntu.

Izifo ezithathelwana ngesondo zizifo ezinzulu ezifuna unyango. Ezinye, ezifana ne-Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), azikabi nanyango okwangoku. Zinokuba yingozi nakubomi ukuba azinyangwa.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-STI kunye ne-STD?

Enyanisweni, usulelo oludluliselwa ngesondo (STI) kunye nesifo esidluliselwa ngesondo (STD) zizinto ezifanayo. Igama elithi STI ngoku lithathwa njengelona gama lichanekileyo lokuchaza le meko. Usulelo kuxa intsholongwane ingena emzimbeni, kodwa ayisoloko ibangela iimpawu. Isifo sidla ngokuba xa iimpawu zivela. Kodwa zombini zibhekisa kwinto enye.

Ziziphi iintlobo zezifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo?

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo ezixhaphakileyo. Usenokuba ukhe weva ngezinye zezi:

• `I-Chlamydia`
• 'I-Herpes Yesini' ( I-Herpes Yesini)
• `Iintsumpa zeSini` ( iintsumpa zeSini)
• I-Gonorrhea (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-"clap")
• `Isibindi B`
• `I-HIV/AIDS`
• `Intsholongwane yePapilloma yabantu (HPV)`
• Iintwala zasePubic ( Abanye bazibiza ngokuba "ziinkalankala", oko kuthetha iintwala kwindawo yesini)
• 'I-Syphilis'
• I-Trichomoniasis ( ekwabizwa ngokuba "yiqhinga")
• I-Vaginitis (ukudumba kwelungu lobufazi)

Isifo ngasinye sibangelwa yintsholongwane eyahlukileyo, sineempawu ezahlukeneyo, kwaye sinyangwa ngokwahlukileyo.

Zixhaphake kangakanani izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo?

Ii-STI zixhaphake kakhulu kunokuba unokucinga. Cinga nje, eMelika kuphela, kubikwa ukuba kukho izifo ze-STI ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-25 minyaka le. Kwihlabathi liphela, kuqikelelwa ukuba kukho izifo ze-STI ezimalunga nezigidi ezingama-374 minyaka le. Oku kubonisa indlela ezixhaphake ngayo. Zixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abancinci abaphakathi kweminyaka eli-15 nengama-24. Ngoko ke, akulunganga ukucinga, "Andiyi kuyiqonda."

Zithini iimpawu zezifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo?

Iimpawu ze-STI ziyahluka. Ngamanye amaxesha kusenokungabikho zimpawu konke konke. Leyo yeyona nxalenye yoyikekayo. Ukuba iimpawu ziyavela, zihlala zibonakala kwindawo yakho yangasese. Zingabandakanya:

• Amaqhuma, izilonda, okanye iintsumpa kufutshane nelungu lakho lobudoda, ilungu lobufazi, umlomo, okanye i-anus.
• Ukudumba okanye ukurhawuzelela okukhulu kufutshane nepenis okanye i-vaginal.
• Ulwelo oluphuma kwilungu lobudoda.
• Ukuphuma kwamanzi kwilungu lobufazi okunevumba elibi, okurhawuzelelayo, nombala okanye ubungakanani obahlukileyo kunobuqhelekileyo.
• Ukopha kwamalungu esini xa ungeyiyo inyanga nenyanga.
• Ukuva iintlungu ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo.
• Intlungu xa uchama okanye ukudinga ukuchama rhoqo.

Ezi mpawu zinokubonakala ngohlobo lotshintsho emzimbeni wakho wonke, ukongeza kwindawo yesini. Umzekelo:

• Ukuqhambuka kwesikhumba .
• Ukuhla ukusinda.
• Urhudo .
• Ukubila ebusuku (`Ukubila ebusuku`) .
• Iintlungu zomzimba, umkhuhlane, kunye nokubanda.
• I-Jaundice ( ukutyheli kolusu kunye namhlophe emehlweni).

Khumbula, ungaba ne-STI ngaphandle kokuba neempawu ezinjalo. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuba uvavanywe.

Zithini izizathu zezifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo?

Izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo zibangelwa ziibhaktheriya, iintsholongwane, okanye iiparasite ezingena emzimbeni wakho. Ezi ntsholongwane zinokusasazeka ngolwelo lomzimba (njengegazi, isidoda, ulwelo lwesini, okanye amathe) ngexesha lokudibana ngesondo, okanye ngamanye amaxesha ngokunxibelelana ngesikhumba nesikhumba nezicwili ezinentsholongwane. Zisasazeka kakhulu ngemisebenzi yokwabelana ngesondo, efana nokwabelana ngesondo ngesini, ngomlomo, nangempundu.

Ngaba ii-STI ziyasulela?

Ewe, izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo ziyasulela ngokuqinisekileyo. Uninzi lwezifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo zisasazeka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye ngokutshintshiselana kolwelo lomzimba ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo okanye ngokuchukumisa amalungu esini omntu osulelekileyo. Ezinye izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo, ezifana ne-syphilis, zinokudluliselwa ukusuka kumama ukuya kumntwana ngexesha lokuzalwa.

Ukuba ufumanisa ukuba une-STI,Kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha ngoko nangoko uze ufumane unyango. Ezinye izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo zinokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo. Ukuba usabela ngokwesondo, ungakuthintela ukusasazeka kwezifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo ngokuvavanya rhoqo, ukuthetha namaqabane akho ngesondo ngale nto, nokusebenzisa iindlela zesondo ezikhuselekileyo.

Ziziphi izinto ezibangela umngcipheko wokuba ne-STI?

Ukuba usabelana ngesondo, usengozini yokufumana isifo se-STI. Akuxhomekekanga kwizinto ezifana nobudala okanye isini.

Ukongeza, ii-STIs zinokudluliselwa ngokwabelana ngezinto zobuqu, ezifana neenaliti ezingcoliswe ligazi. Oku kunokwenzeka kwiimeko ezifana nezi:

• Iitattoos ezingalawulwayo.
• Ukugqobhoza amalungu ahlukeneyo omzimba ngaphandle kwemigangatho efanelekileyo (`Ukugqobhoza okungalawulwayo`).
• Ingxaki Yokusetyenziswa Kweziyobisi (`Ingxaki Yokusetyenziswa Kweziyobisi`) kuxa abantu abaninzi besebenzisa inaliti enye xa befaka iziyobisi.

Ukungathethi ngokuba ne-STI ngenxa yeentloni okanye ukoyika ukugxekwa kunokunyusa umngcipheko wokusasaza usulelo kuwe nakumaqabane akho. Ngaphambi kokuba nesondo, kubalulekile ukubuza amaqabane akho le mibuzo:

• Ngaba okwangoku une-STI esebenzayo?
• Ugqibele nini ukwenza uvavanyo lwe-STI?
• Ngaba okwangoku unyangwa nge-STI?
• Ngaba uhlala usebenzisa iindlela ezikhuselekileyo namaqabane akho esondo?

Ukubuza le mibuzo kuya kukunceda uzikhusele.

Kuqhelekile ukuziva wothukile, ulusizi, kwaye unomsindo xa ufumanisa ukuba une-STI. Usenokuziva uneentloni kwaye woyika ukuxelela iqabane lakho lesondo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuthetha ngokukhululekileyo nangokunyaniseka kwakha ukuthembana nokuqondana. Ukuba une-STI, ukuthetha namaqabane akho ngayo ngaphambi kokuba wenze isenzo sesondo kunokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokusasaza usulelo.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho zezifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo?

Izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo (ii-STI) zinokubangela iingxaki zobomi bonke ukuba azinyangwa ngokukhawuleza. Ezi zilandelayo ziingxaki eziqhelekileyo zezifo ezinganyangwanga:

• Usulelo lwe-HIV luqhubekela phambili lube yi-AIDS.
• I-Syphilis inokonakalisa amalungu akho angaphakathi, inkqubo yemithambo-luvo, kwaye inokudluliselwa kumama okhulelweyo ukuya kumntwana wakhe ongekazalwa.
• Umngcipheko wokudlulisela ii-STI kumaqabane akho esondo.

Iingxaki ezithile abanokuthi abafazi bazibone ngenxa yezifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo ziquka:

• Isifo Sokudumba Kwesinqe (PID) Oku kungonakalisa isibeleko kwaye kubangele ukungazali.
• Ukukhulelwa kwe-Ectopic ( ukukhulelwa ngaphandle kwesibeleko).
• Ukungazali.
• Intlungu engapheliyo yesinqe.

Izifo ezithathelwana ngesondo ezinganyangwanga kumadoda zinokubangela izinto ezifana nezi:

• Usulelo lomchamo kunye ne-prostate.
• Ukudumba kunye nentlungu emasendeni.
• Ukungazali.

Ungazichonga njani iiSTI?

Ugqirha uza kugqiba ukuba unayo na i-STI ngokwenza uvavanyo lomzimba aze enze naluphi na uvavanyo olufunekayo (`Uvavanyo`) . Ugqirha wakho uza kukubuza imibuzo malunga neempawu zakho, imbali yakho yezonyango, kunye nobomi bakho besondo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba unyaniseke kwaye ungaxoki ngeli xesha. Kulapho kuphela apho uya kukwazi ukufumana uncedo olufunayo.

Ukuba ufunyaniswe une-STI, kufuneka uxelele amaqabane akho owabelana nawo ngesondo kwaye uwacele ukuba nawo aye kuvavanywa. Oku kunokuba nzima, kodwa kuya kunceda amaqabane akho afumane unyango alufunayo kwaye kuthintele ukuba usulelo lungasasazeki ngakumbi.

Yintoni uvavanyo lwe-STI?

Uvavanyo lwe-STI luvavanyo lwezonyango olujonga ukuba unayo na i-STI. Ugqirha wakho uza kujonga iimpawu zakho aze acele uvavanyo olunye okanye ngaphezulu ukuze afumanise ukuba yintoni ebangela ezo mpawu. Kukho uvavanyo olwahlukileyo kuhlobo ngalunye lwe-STI. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba loluphi uvavanyo olufunekayo. Uvavanyo lwe-STI lungabandakanya:

• Uvavanyo lomchamo.
• Ukuthatha isampuli yeeseli ngaphakathi esidleleni (`Cheek Swab`).
• Uvavanyo lwegazi.
• Ukuthatha isampuli yolwelo oluvela kwizilonda zesikhumba.
• Ukuthatha isampuli yolwelo okanye iiseli emzimbeni wakho (ngesiqhelo kwilungu lobufazi, i-urethra, umlomo wesibeleko, ipenis, i-rectum, okanye umphimbo).

Uninzi lovavanyo lwe-STI alunantlungu. Usenokuva ukuhlatywa okuncinci ngexesha lovavanyo lwegazi, okanye ukuziva utshile kancinci xa kuthathwa isampuli enxebeni. Ngaphandle koko, akubuhlungu kangako.

Ndifanele ndivavanyelwe ii-STI kangaphi?

Uninzi loogqirha bacebisa ukuba uvavanyelwe ii-STI ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka . Ukuba unamaqabane amaninzi okwabelana ngesondo, ungagqiba ekubeni uvavanyelwe rhoqo, mhlawumbi rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6. Abanye oogqirha bacebisa ukuba uvavanyelwe ngaphambi kokuba uqale iqabane elitsha lokwabelana ngesondo. Ngokuvavanywa rhoqo, ungafumana kwaye unyange ii-STI osenokuba uzifumene ngokungazi. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neshedyuli yovavanyo ekusebenzelayo.

Zinyangwa njani izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo?

Iinjongo eziphambili zonyango lwe-STI zezi:

• Iphilisa ngokupheleleyo izifo ezininzi ezidluliselwa ngesondo (hayi zonke).
• Ukunciphisa iimpawu zakho.
• Ukunciphisa amathuba okuba usasaze usulelo komnye umntu.
• Ukukunceda uhlale usempilweni.

La mayeza alandelayo anokunikwa ukunyanga izifo ezithathelwana ngesondo:

• Ii-antibiotics (zosulelo lweebhaktheriya)
• Ii-Antivirals ( zosulelo lwentsholongwane)

Eli yeza lingasetyenziswa njengepilisi okanye njengenaliti enikwa ngugqirha.

Ngaba kufuneka ndifumane i-HPV vaccine?

I-Human Papillomavirus (HPV) yeyona ixhaphakileyo kwi-STI e-United States. Abantu abane-HPV basenokungabi nazo iimpawu konke konke, okanye banokuba neentsumpa okanye amaqhuma kwindawo yabo yesini. Iintlobo ze-HPV ezinobungozi obukhulu zinokubangela izifo ezinzulu, ezifana nomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.

Kukho isitofu sokuthintela usulelo lwe-HPV kunye neentsholongwane zesini. Oogqirha bacebisa ukuba abantwana banikwe esi sitofu xa bephakathi kweminyaka eli-11-12 ubudala. Oku kungenxa yokuba isitofu sisebenza kakhulu xa sinikwa ngaphambi kokuba baqalise ukwabelana ngesondo. Isitofu sicetyiswa kuye wonke umntu ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka engama-26 ubudala. Ngokweenkcukacha zamva nje, abantu abaneminyaka engama-45 ubudala nabo banokungenelwa sisitofu se-HPV. Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze ubone ukuba oku kulungile na kuwe.

Yintoni i-Expedited Partner Therapy (EPT)?

I-Expedited Partner Therapy (EPT) kuxa ugqirha wakho ekubhalela amayeza ngaphandle kokuvavanya iqabane lakho ngaphambi kokuba ufunyaniswe une-STI, efana neChlamydia okanye iGonorrhea. Ngokwesiqhelo, ugqirha ulinda ukuvavanya iqabane lakho ngaphambi kokuba akubhalele amayeza. Kodwa ingqiqo apha kukuba ukuba unenye yezi STI, kusenokwenzeka ukuba neqabane lakho linayo. Le ndlela inokunceda ukuthintela ukosuleleka kwakhona kwaye iyeke ukusasazeka kosulelo ngokukhawuleza.

Ndingaphila ngokukhawuleza kangakanani emva konyango?

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukunike amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane okanye amayeza okulwa nezifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo, kuya kufuneka uqale uzive ungcono kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha onke amayeza amiselweyo de agqitywe, nokuba uzive ungcono. Ungaze wabelane ngamayeza akho nabanye okanye uthathe amayeza omnye umntu ngenxa yeempawu zakho.

Yintoni onokuyilindela ukuba unesifo se-STI?

Ii-STI ezininzi ziyanyangeka ngokupheleleyo ngonyango. Ezinye zifuna unyango lobomi bonke ngamayeza. Nokuba sele unyangiwe kwi-STI enye, usenokuyifumana kwakhona ukuba uphinde wosuleleke.

Abanye abantu banokuziva beneentloni okanye benetyala xa befumanisa ukuba bane-STI. Kodwa ii-STI zinokwenzeka nakubani na. Izigidi zabantu kwihlabathi liphela zinazo. Izibalo zibonisa ukuba uninzi lwabantu luya kufumana i-STI ubuncinane kube kanye ebomini babo. Ukuba uziva uxhalabile okanye uxinezelekile malunga nokuxilongwa kwakho yi-STI, funa uncedo kumhlobo othembekileyo, ilungu losapho, okanye umcebisi wezempilo yengqondo .

Kuthekani ukuba ndikhulelwe kwaye ndine-STI?

Ukuba ukhulelwe kwaye une-STI, xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.Ugqirha wakho uya kuthetha nawe malunga neendlela zonyango ezinokukukhusela wena nosana lwakho olungekazalwa. Ezinye izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo zinokunyangwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa ukuthintela ukosuleleka ukusuka kumama ukuya kusana.

Iyintoni imbonakalo yezifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo (STIs)?

Iintsholongwane ezininzi ezidluliselwa ngesondo zinokunyangwa. Kodwa, ngelishwa, ayizizo zonke izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo ezinonyango. Iimeko ezifana ne-HIV zifuna unyango nokhathalelo lobomi bonke. Nokuba ufumana unyango lokunyanga i-STI enye, usenokuyifumana kwakhona. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukulandela iindlela ezikhuselekileyo.

Ungayinciphisa njani ingozi yokosulelwa yi-STI?

Eyona ndlela iqinisekileyo eyi-100% yokuphepha izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo kukuzikhwebula kwisondo. Kodwa ukuba uyalala, ungenza ezi zinto ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho:

• Soloko usebenzisa ikhondom yelatex xa usenza naluphi na uhlobo lwesenzo sokwabelana ngesondo. Ukuba wena okanye iqabane lakho ninesitho sangasese sowesifazane, sebenzisa i-dental dam xa nisenza isondo ngomlomo.
• Khetha amaqabane okwabelana ngesondo ngononophelo.
• Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba iqabane lakho line-STI, musa ukwabelana ngesondo.
• Vavanywa rhoqo ii-STIs. Ngale ndlela, ukuba unosulelo ungalwazi, ungaluthintela ukuba lungasasazeki kwabanye.
• Cela ukuvavanywa ngaphambi kokuba ulale nomntu omtsha othandana naye okokuqala.
• Musa ukusebenzisa utywala okanye iziyobisi ngaphambi kokuba ulale nomntu onxilileyo. Usenokuzibandakanya kwisondo esingakhuselekanga xa unxilile.
• Qaphela iimpawu zezifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.
• Zifundise ngezifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo. Okukhona usazi ngakumbi, kokukhona unokuzikhusela wena kunye namaqabane akho.

Ngaba ukusasazeka kwezifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo kunokuthintelwa?

Ungathatha la manyathelo ukuzikhusela wena nabanye kwizifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo:

• Ukuba uneempawu ze-STI, musa ukulala nomntu ude ubone ugqirha kwaye ufumane unyango. Kuphela emva kokuba ugqirha wakho ekunike imvume, kufuneka uqalise ukwenza izinto zesondo.
• Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ukuze ufumane unyango ngokuchanekileyo.
• Emva kokugqiba unyango , bonana nogqirha wakho kwakhona ukuze ahlolwe.
• Yazisa amaqabane akho ukuba unesifo kwaye uqinisekise ukuba nawo ayafumana unyango.
• Sebenzisa iikhondom ngalo lonke ixesha xa usabelana ngesondo, ingakumbi xa ulala namaqabane amatsha.
• Gonyelwa izifo ezithile ze-STI, ezifana ne-HPV, ukuze uthintele iingxaki.

Ndingazinyamekela njani ukuba ndine-STI?

Ukuba ugqirha wakho uthi unesifo se-STI, yenza ezi zinto ukuze uhlale usempilweni:

• Sela onke amayeza owanikwe ngugqirha wakho kanye njengoko uyalelwe.
• Musa ukulala nomntu ngelixa ufumana unyango lwe-STI. Linda de ugqirha wakho akunike imvume.
• Yazisa amaqabane akho esondo ukuba unesifo se-STI ukuze akwazi ukuthetha nogqirha wawo aze agqibe ngovavanyo kunye nonyango.
• Sebenzisa ikhondom xa uqala ukulala nomntu kwakhona. Sebenzisa idama lamazinyo xa ulala nomntu ngomlomo.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Bona ugqirha ukuba wena okanye iqabane lakho nineempawu ze-STI. Kwakhona, ukuba nisabelana ngesondo, kufuneka nibone ugqirha ukuze nivavanywe i-STI rhoqo ngonyaka okanye rhoqo. Musa ukuba neentloni ngayo nantoni na, impilo yakho yeyona nto ibalulekileyo.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Ukuba ulala nomntu okanye ukhe waba ne-STI, buza ugqirha wakho le mibuzo:

• Ndingazithintela njani izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo?
• Ngaba le STI ingabangela naziphi na iingxaki okanye iingxaki kwixesha elizayo?
• Ngaba kufuneka ndivavanyelwe ii-STI rhoqo?
• Ngaba kufuneka ndihlole amaqabane am?
• Luhlobo luni lonyango endiludingayo?
• Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuphiliswa kwi-STI?
• Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango?

Okokugqibela, umyalezo oya ekhaya:

Izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo zixhaphake kakhulu. Ukuba uneempawu ze-STI, ezinje ngokutsha, ukurhawuzelelwa, okanye ukungakhululeki kwindawo yakho yangasese, ungoyiki okanye ube neentloni ukuthetha nogqirha wakho. Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane adla ngokunyanga ngempumelelo usulelo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-STI inokunyangeka ngaphandle kweengxaki zexesha elide. Ezinye iimeko, ezifana ne-HIV, zinokufuna unyango lobomi bonke.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwazi, uhlale ukhuselekile, kwaye ufune unyango kwangethuba ukuba kuyimfuneko. Nyamekela impilo yakho yesondo. Luxanduva lwakho kwaye lilungelo lakho.

Izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo, iiSTI, iiSTI, izifo zentlalo, impilo yesondo, i-HPV, i-HIV, iikhondom, iimpawu zeSTI, unyango lwe-STI