Ngaba uhlala uneengxaki ze-sinus? Makhe sithethe nge-sinusitis!

Ngaba nawe unempumlo exineneyo? Ngaba uvakalelwa kukuba i-mucus iyehla emqaleni wakho, okanye i-mucus etyebileyo iphuma empumlweni yakho? Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha ubanobunzima obungaqhelekanga kunye nentlungu ebusweni bakho nasebunzini, kunye nentloko ebuhlungu? Ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zokuba une-sinusitis. Abantu abaninzi babiza le sinusitis. Ngoko ke, masithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha ezithe vetshe kwaye namhlanje.

Yintoni iSinusitis? Zithini iiSinuses?

Ngamafutshane, i-sinusitis kukudumba kolwelo lwe-sinus yakho. Ngoku usenokuba uyazibuza ukuba zeziphi ezi sinus.

Khawuthelekelele, ngaphakathi kobuso bakho, ngaphandle kwempumlo yakho, phantsi kwamehlo akho, nakwindawo yebunzi lakho, kukho imingxunya emine emincinci egcwele umoya (ngababini). Ifana nemingxunya emincinci. Le yileyo siyibiza ngokuba yi-sinuses. Le mingxunya iqhagamshelwe omnye komnye yimingxunya emincinci. Ngokwesiqhelo, le mingxunya izaliswe ngumoya.

Ezi sinuses zivelisa ulwelo olufana ne-mucus. Olu lwelo luphuma ngeempumlo. Oku kunceda ukugcina impumlo yakho icocekile kwaye kuyikhusela kwiintsholongwane, ezifana neebhaktheriya kunye nezinto ezibangela i-allergen.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ngesizathu esithile, umzekelo, usulelo lwebhaktheriya, usulelo lwentsholongwane, okanye i-allergy, ulwelo lwale sinuses luyavuvukala, luvale iindlela zokuphuma kolwelo. Emva koko ulwelo luvaleleka ngaphakathi, ludale uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwi sinuses. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi sinusitis, okanye njengoko abanye beyibiza, i rhinosinusitis. Oku kubangelwa ziimpawu ezifana nentlungu yobuso kunye nokuxinana kweempumlo.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ze-sinusitis?

Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-sinusitis. Ezi zahlulwe ngokusekwe ekubeni imeko ihlale ixesha elingakanani, kunye nokuba yintoni ebangela oko.

Hlela ngokwexesha:

• I-Acute Sinusitis: Iimpawu (ukuxinana kwempumlo, impumlo evuzayo, iintlungu zobuso/uxinzelelo, ukulahlekelwa yivumba) zihlala ngaphantsi kweeveki ezine . Idla ngokubangelwa lusulelo lwentsholongwane, njengomkhuhlane.
• I-Subacute Sinusitis: Olu hlobo lwe-sinusitis lwenzeka xa iimpawu ziqala kwiiveki ezine ukuya kwiiveki ezilishumi elinambini (iinyanga ezi-3) .
• I-Sinusitis engapheliyo: Iimpawu zihlala ubuncinane iiveki ezilishumi elinesibini (iinyanga ezi-3) . Idla ngokubangelwa zizifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane.
• I-Recurrent Acute Sinusitis: Oku kubhekisa kubantu abane-sinusitis kane okanye ngaphezulu ngonyaka , kunye neempawu ezihlala ngaphantsi kweeveki ezimbini ngalo lonke ixesha.

Uhlu ngokwesizathu:

• I-Sinusitis yeBhaktheriya:Usulelo lwentsholongwane ngamanye amaxesha lunokukhokelela kusulelo lwebhaktiriya, nto leyo ebangela i-sinusitis. Ukuba impumlo egobhozayo, impumlo evalekileyo, kunye nentlungu yobuso azipheli kwiintsuku ezilishumi, isenokuba lusulelo lwebhaktiriya. Ngamanye amaxesha iimpawu zinokuphela zize zibuye. Ii-antibiotics kunye ne-decongestants zihlala zisebenza koku.
• I-Viral Sinusitis: Uninzi lwe-sinusitis lubangelwa ziintsholongwane, ezifana neentsholongwane ezibangela umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo.
• I-Fungal Sinusitis: Le yimeko engaqhelekanga, kodwa kufanelekile ukuyithatha nzulu ngakumbi kunezinye iintlobo. Usethubeni lokufumana olu hlobo lwe-sinusitis, ingakumbi ukuba inkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela yomzimba ibuthathaka (umzekelo, ukuba une-HIV, umhlaza, okanye usela amayeza athile).

Ngaba ndine-sinusitis, i-COVID, umkhuhlane, okanye i-allergies? Ndingaqiniseka njani?

Le yingxaki yokwenyani kubantu abaninzi. Ngenxa yokuba iimpawu zomkhuhlane, i-COVID-19, i-allergies, kunye nosulelo lwe-sinus zonke zifana kakhulu, kunokuba nzima kancinci ukuzahlula.

• Umkhuhlane: Udla ngokuvela kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, ube mandundu, uze uphele kancinci kancinci. Unokuhlala iintsuku ezimbalwa ukuya kwiveki.
• Ukunganyamezelani neempumlo: Iimpawu eziphambili kukuthimla rhoqo, impumlo erhawuzelelayo namehlo, ukuxinana kweempumlo, impumlo egobhozayo, kunye nokuvuza kwempumlo emva kwempumlo. Nangona kunjalo, ukunganyamezelani neempumlo akuqhelekanga ukubangela iintlungu zobuso njengosulelo lwe-sinus.
• I-COVID-19: Oku kunokubangela iimpawu ezongezelelweyo ezifana nomkhuhlane kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla.
• I-Sinusitis: Iimpawu ziquka ukuqina kobuso, iintlungu, umhluzi otyebileyo okanye oluhlaza, kunye nomoya onukayo (halitosis).

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba usulelo lwe-sinus lunokubangelwa ngumkhuhlane, i-COVID, okanye i-allergies. Ngoku ungavavanya usulelo lwe-virus olufana ne-COVID-19 kunye ne-influenza.

Ziziphi iimpawu ze-sinusitis?

Ezi zezona mpawu ziqhelekileyo zosulelo lwe-sinus:

• Ukuthontsiza emva kwempumlo.
• Impumlo egobhozayo ene-mucus etyebileyo okanye eluhlaza.
• Ukuxinana kweempumlo.
• Ukuziva uxinezelekile okanye ukuxinana ebusweni (ingakumbi kufutshane nempumlo, amehlo, kunye nebunzi). Oku kunokuba kubi ngakumbi xa ushukumisa intloko okanye ulele phantsi.
• Uxinzelelo okanye intlungu emazinyweni.
• Uxinzelelo okanye intlungu endlebeni.
• Ifiva.
• Umlomo ombi (halitosis) okanye incasa embi emlonyeni.
• Ukukhwehlela.
• Intloko ebuhlungu.
• Ndidiniwe.

Zithini izizathu zokosuleleka yi-sinus?

I-Sinusitis inokubangelwa ziintsholongwane, iibhaktheriya, iifungi, kunye nezinto ezibangela i-allergen. Ezinye zezona zinto zixhaphakileyo zezi:

• Ukubanda.
• Umkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane.
• Ezinye iintlobo zeebhaktheriya, umzekelo `(Streptococcus pneumoniae)`, `(Haemophilus influenzae)`, `(Moraxella catarrhalis)`.
• Ukunganyamezelani kweempumlo kunye nezinto ezithile ngexesha lonyaka.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokufumana isifo se-sinusitis?

Abanye abantu banamathuba amaninzi okufumana isifo se-sinusitis kunabanye. Ezi zinto zinobungozi zezi:

• Kwabo bane-allergies kwiimpumlo.
• Kwabo bane-asthma.
• Kubantu abanee-polyps zempumlo okanye ii-tumor zempumlo.
• Kwabo bane-septum ephambukile (isicwili esiphakathi kwempumlo esibizwa ngokuba yi-septum). Ukuba oku kuphambukile, indlela ekwelinye icala lempumlo inokuba mxinwa kwaye ivaleke.
• Abantu abane-immune system ebuthathaka. Oku kunokubangelwa zizifo ezifana ne-HIV okanye umhlaza, okanye ngamayeza athile.
• Kwabo batshayayo.

Ngaba i-sinusitis iyosulela?

I-Sinusitis ngokwayo ayisuleli. Nangona kunjalo, iintsholongwane kunye neebhaktheriya ezibangela oku zinokuba yiyo. Ke ngoko, ukuba uyagula, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela iindlela ezilungileyo zococeko ezifana nokuhlala kude nabanye abantu, ukuhlamba izandla zakho rhoqo, kunye nokuvala umlomo nempumlo yakho ngengqiniba yakho.

Kuthekani ukuba i-sinusitis ayinyangwa?

Ayizizo zonke izifo ze-sinusitis ezifuna ukunyangwa. Uninzi lwexesha, ziyaphela zodwa. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga , ukuba azinyangwa, olu sulelo lunokusasazeka luye engqondweni, emehlweni, okanye emathanjeni akufutshane, nto leyo ebangela ukuba iintsholongwane okanye iifungi zisasazeke kwaye zibe yingozi kubomi. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuqaphela iimpawu.

Ugqirha ulufumanisa njani usulelo lwe-sinus?

Oogqirha baxilonga i-sinusitis ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zakho kunye nembali yakho yempilo. Ugqirha uza kuhlola iindlebe zakho, impumlo, nomqala ukuze ajonge ukudumba, i-mucus, okanye ukuvaleka. Basenokusebenzisa isixhobo esincinci esikhanyayo esibizwa ngokuba yi-endoscope ukujonga ngaphakathi kwempumlo yakho.

Umboneleli wakho wezonyango oyintloko unokukuthumela kwingcali, efana nengcali ye-otolaryngologist okanye ingcali ye-ENT.

Uvavanyo olukhethekileyo lokuxilonga i-sinusitis:

Kwezinye iimeko, ugqirha unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezifana nezi:

• I-endoscopy yempumlo: Oku kuquka ukufaka ityhubhu enekhamera encinci empumlweni.
• Iiswabhu zempumlo: Kuthathwa isampulu ye-mucus ephuma empumlweni ize ivavanywe iintsholongwane okanye ezinye iintsholongwane.
• Ukufota: Ngamanye amaxesha unokucelwa ukuba wenze i-``(CT) scan`` (i-Computed Tomography scan) ukuze ubone ukuba kwenzeka ntoni ngaphakathi kwi-sinuses zakho.
• Uvavanyo lwe-allergy: Ukuba une-sinusitis engapheliyo, olu vavanyo lungenziwa ukuze kufunyaniswe ukuba yintoni ebangela i-allergy.
• I-Biopsy: Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba kuthathwe isampuli yethishu empumlweni ize ivavanywe.

Iphathwa njani i-sinusitis?

Kukho iindlela ezininzi zonyango lwe-sinusitis, kuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zakho kunye nokuba unexesha elingakanani unayo. Ungazama ezi zinto ekhaya:

• Amayeza avula impumlo (i-Decongestants).
• Amayeza omkhuhlane kunye ne-allergy athengiswa ngaphandle kwekhawuntara (OTC) anokuthengwa kwikhemesti.
• Ukuhlamba ngetyuwa empumlweni.
• Ukusela amanzi amaninzi.
• Ukubanjwa komphunga wamanzi ashushu.

Ukuba iimpawu zakho ze-sinusitis aziphucuki emva kweentsuku ezili-10, ugqirha unokukunika amayeza anjengala:

• Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane.
• Izinto zokuphelisa ukuxinana ngomlomo okanye empumlweni.
• Izitshizi ze-steroid ezisetyenziswa ngugqirha. (Musa ukuzisebenzisa izitshizi ezithengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha kangangeentsuku ezingaphezu kwezintathu ukuya kwezintlanu, kuba zingenza impumlo yakho ivaleke ngakumbi.)

Xa kunyangwa abantu abane-sinusitis engapheliyo, unobangela oyintloko uyanyangwa. Oku kungabandakanya:

• Izitshizi ze-steroid zangaphakathi empumlweni.
• Izitshizi ze-antihistamine okanye iipilisi zomlomo.
• Amayeza akwiqela lamayeza abizwa ngokuba yi-`Leukotriene antagonists`, umzekelo `(montelukast)`.
• Utyando lunokufuneka nakwiingxaki zesakhiwo sempumlo, iipolyps, okanye usulelo lwefungus.

Yeyiphi iyeza elifanelekileyo losulelo lwe-sinus?

Ukuba udinga i-antibiotic, uhlobo oluyalelwe ngugqirha wakho lunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho. Eminye imizekelo yile:

• `(Augmentin)` (i-amoxicillin/i-clavulanate)
• `(Amoxicillin)`
• `( I-Doxycycline ( I-Doxycycline) ) `
• `(Levofloxacin)`
• `(I-Cefixime)`
• `(I-Cefpodoxime)`
• `(I-Clindamycin)`

Kubalulekile: Ungaze uthathe amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane wedwa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha.

Ngaba unyango oluncedisayo nolunye olusebenzayo luyanceda kwi-sinusitis?

Abanye abantu bafumanisa ukuba i-acupressure, i-acupuncture, okanye i-facial massage inokunceda ekunciphiseni iimpawu ze-sinusitis, ezifana ne-mucus, uxinzelelo, kunye nentlungu. Kungcono ukubuza ugqirha wakho ukuba olu nyango lukulungele na.

Ngaba zonke izifo ze-sinus zifuna ii-antibiotics?

Hayi. Uninzi loogqirha luya kulinda ukuze lubone ukuba iimpawu zakho zibonakala ixesha elingakanani ngaphambi kokuba lugqibe ekubeni lukunike na amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Uninzi losulelo lwe-sinus lubangelwa ziintsholongwane. Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane awanyangi izifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane. Ukusebenzisa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ngokungeyomfuneko, okanye ukuwasebenzisa kwiintsholongwane, kunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kwaye kunokubangela ukunganyangeki kwamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, nto leyo enokwenza kube nzima ukunyanga izifo ezibangelwa zezinye izifo.

Ngaba i-sinusitis ingathintelwa?

Ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu, kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokunciphisa umngcipheko wokufumana usulelo lwe-sinus. Nazi:

• Hlamba impumlo ngamanzi anetyuwa (ityuwa) njengoko ugqirha ecebisile.
• Ukuthatha amanyathelo okuthintela ii-allergies. Oku kuquka amayeza, imijovo ye-allergy, kunye nokuphepha izinto ezibangela i-allergy (umz., uthuli, i-pollen, umsi).
• Sebenzisa izitshizi zeempumlo ze-steroid ukuba ugqirha wakho uyacebisa.
• Ukuphuhlisa imikhwa emihle enokukhusela kwizifo ezosulelayo, njengokuhlamba izandla zakho kakuhle.
• Kuphephe ukutshaya. Ukuba uyatshaya, kukho iindlela zokukunceda uyeke ukutshaya.

Yintoni enokulindelwa ngumntu onesifo se-sinusitis?

I-Sinusitis idla ngokuthatha malunga neveki ukuya kwiintsuku ezilishumi . Kwiimeko ezininzi, inokunyangwa ngamayeza athengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha kunye namayeza asekhaya. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba une-sinusitis engapheliyo, okanye ukuba iyenzeka rhoqo, kunokubakho ezinye izizathu ezibangela oku. Ezi kufuneka zinyangwe.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha xa une-sinus infection?

Ngokwesiqhelo ungazinyamekela iingxaki ze-sinus ekhaya. Kodwa ukuba uneempawu ezingapheliyo, ukhathazekile ngazo, okanye ufumana usulelo rhoqo, kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha. Angakuxelela into omawuyenze emva koko.

Ndingaya nini kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU) ?

Ukuba uneempawu zosulelo olukhulu , oko kukuthi naziphi na iimpawu ezingezantsi, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka elikufutshane okanye ufumane ingcebiso yezonyango ngokukhawuleza :

• Umkhuhlane ophezulu kakhulu (ngaphezulu kwe-103 Fahrenheit/40 Celsius).
• Ukudideka okanye olunye utshintsho lwengqondo.
• Umbono uyatshintsha, ingakumbi xa kukho intlungu okanye ukudumba okujikeleze amehlo.
• Ukuxhuzula kufana nokubetha.
• Intamo eqinileyo.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Kungcono ukucela ugqirha wakho ukuba akubonise indlela yokusebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo izixhobo azicebisayo (umz., ii-inhaler ze-nasal spray, izixhobo zokunkcenkceshela impumlo). Kukwaluncedo ukubuza le mibuzo:

• Ndingalunyanga njani usulelo lwe-sinus ekhaya?
• Ndingawasela njani kanye kanye amayeza am?
• Ndingabuya nini ndize kukubona kwakhona?

Usulelo lwe-sinus luqhelekile kwaye aluqhelekanga ukuba yingozi. Lunokubangelwa zizinto ezahlukeneyo, kuquka iintsholongwane, iibhaktheriya, ii-polyps zeempumlo, okanye ii-allergies. Ungazinyanga ekhaya ngokufumana ukuphumla okwaneleyo, usebenzisa amayeza athengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha, kwaye usele ulwelo oluninzi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iimpawu zakho azipheli, ziya ziba mandundu, okanye ukuba uneempawu ezikukhathazayo, bona ugqirha wakho.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

Kulungile, masiphinde sijonge ezona zibakala zibalulekileyo malunga ne-sinusitis esithethe ngayo.

• I-Sinusitis kukudumba kolwelo lwe-sinus ebusweni bakho.
• Oku kunokubangelwa ziintsholongwane, iibhaktheriya, iifungi, okanye ii-allergies.
• Iimpawu eziphambili kukuxinana kwempumlo, umhluzi otyebileyo, iintlungu zobuso, kunye noxinzelelo.
• Uninzi lwexesha, iyaziphilisa yodwa , okanye iba ngcono ngonyango olulula lwasekhaya.
• Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane akasoloko eyimfuneko. Awanamsebenzi ekulweni nosulelo lwentsholongwane.
• Ukuba iimpawu ziyaqhubeka kangangeentsuku ezingaphezu kwe-10 , zivela rhoqo, okanye zineempawu ezinzulu ezifana nomkhuhlane ophezulu kunye nokutshintsha kombono , qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha.
• Izinto ezifana nemikhwa emihle yempilo, ulawulo lwe-allergy, kunye nokuphepha ukutshaya zinokunceda ekuthinteleni oku .

Ngoko ke, ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luluncedo kuwe. Hlala usempilweni!

I- Sinusitis, i-sinus, ukuxinana kwempumlo, umkhuhlane, intloko ebuhlungu, usulelo, unyango