Ukutshaya: Masifumanise ukuba yintoni kanye kanye icuba eliyenzayo emzimbeni wakho.

Usenokuba ngumntu otshisa icuba kube kanye ngemini, okanye xa udibana nabahlobo. Kwabanye, ngumkhwa, kwabanye, kumnandi. Kodwa ngaba uyazi ngokwenene ukuba kwenzeka ntoni xa le ngcuba ingena emzimbeni wakho? Makhe sithethe ngayo namhlanje, ngokulula.

Yintoni icuba? Yintoni engaphakathi kulo?

Ngamafutshane, ukutshaya sisenzo sokukhanyisa icuba, elenziwe ngecuba elomileyo, elisongelwe ngegqabi, uze uphefumle umsi ophuma kulo. Xa uvula icala elinye lecuba, uphefumla umsi osuka kwelinye icala. Lo msi uhamba ngemigudu yakho yomoya uye emiphungeni yakho, apho ungena egazini lakho uze usiwe engqondweni yakho nakwamanye amalungu omzimba wakho.

Nangona sithetha kakhulu ngeecuba, abanye abantu basebenzisa neecuba, iipayipi, i-marijuana (`intsangu/ukhula/imbiza`), okanye iicuba zezityalo.

Icuba eliqhelekileyo evenkileni liqulathe:

• Icuba : La ngamagqabi omileyo, anongiweyo kunye neziqu zesityalo secuba (`Nicotiana tabacum`).
• Iphepha eliphaya: Eli liphepha elisongelwe ngalo icuba.
• Isihluzo (kwicuba): Xa uphefumla, ezinye zeengceba ezinkulu zecuba elivuthayo zibanjwa kwesi sihluzo. Kodwa uninzi lwezinto eziyingozi zidlula kuso zingene emzimbeni.

Kutheni abantu beqhela ukutshaya icuba?

Abantu abaninzi baqala ukutshaya icuba kuba beziva bonwabile kwaye bekhululekile. Kodwa wakuba uqalile, kunzima kakhulu ukuyeka, nokuba uyazi ukuba iyingozi kangakanani emzimbeni wakho. Isizathu esiphambili yikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuba yi-nicotine kwicuba. Le nicotine ichaphazela ingqondo, kwaye xa ungayifumani, uziva ungakhululekanga kwaye ungaphumli.

Xa i-nicotine ingena engqondweni, ikhupha iikhemikhali ezikwenza uzive wonwabile kwaye ulungile.Ukukhululeka. Emva kokutshaya icuba, ungaziva:

• Ukuziva ukhululekile kwaye uzolile.
• 'Ukukhaba' okuncinci, ngokungathi ubomi bufikile emzimbeni wam.
• Kubonakala kulula ukugxila emsebenzini.

Ukongeza, ukutshaya yinxalenye yokunxibelelana nabanye, yinxalenye yemisebenzi yabo yemihla ngemihla, njengokusela ikofu kusasa. Abanye abantu bafumanisa ukuba icuba libanceda ukuba bonwabe, bazole ngaphambi kokuba baphume phambi kwesihlwele, okanye bahlale begxile emsebenzini. Abanye bayayithanda incasa yalo, okanye ukuziva ubambe icuba ngesandla.

Kwenzeka ntoni emzimbeni wakho xa utshaya icuba?

Wakuba utshaye icuba, liqala ukonakalisa umzimba wakho. Khawucinge nje, amawaka eekhemikhali ezikhutshwa xa kutsha icuba sele ziqalile uhambo lwazo olutshabalalisayo ngaphambi kokuba uphefumle nokuba kukanye. Makhe sibone ukuba olo hambo luza kuqhuba njani.

Xa uvula icuba uze ulibeke emlonyeni wakho...

Xa utshaya icuba, ubushushu bukhupha i-nicotine, kunye ne-tar, intsalela yecuba. Xa ufaka icuba emlonyeni wakho, le tar ingcolisa iinzipho zakho. Umsi uyomisa ulusu lwakho, ulwenze ludumbe, kwaye uqinise imibimbi yakho. Ukuba umsi ungena empumlweni yakho, wonakalisa iziphelo zemithambo-luvo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oku kunokunciphisa imvakalelo yakho yokuvumba.

Xa uphefumla umsi wecuba...

Xa uphefumla icuba, umsi udlula kwisihluzo. Oku kuthintela ukuba iziqwenga ezinkulu zecuba zingangeni. Nangona kunjalo, itar, i-nicotine, kunye nezinye iikhemikhali ezinobungozi ezininzi zingena kwisihluzo. Le tar ingcolisa amazinyo akho, ingcolise iintsini zakho, kwaye ingcolise ulwimi lwakho. Yonakalisa i-enamel yamazinyo akho, yandisa umngcipheko wokubola kwamazinyo kunye nesifo seentsini . Inganciphisa nencasa yokutya okuthandayo.

Njengoko umsi uhamba phantsi kwimigudu yakho yomoya...

Le tar inamathela emqaleni wakho nakwiintambo zelizwi ize iye emiphungeni yakho. Oku kunokubangela ukuba ukhohlele. Njengoko ihamba kwiindlela zakho zomoya, izinto ezifana netar kunye nehydrogen cyanide (igesi enobuthi kakhulu) zibangela ukuba izakhiwo ezincinci ezifana neenwele kwindlela yakho yomoya (ebizwa ngokuba yi-cilia) zingasebenzi. Njengeempumlo zomtshayelo, ezi cilia zinoxanduva lokubamba iintsholongwane nezinye izinto eziyingozi kwaye zizikhuphe emiphungeni yakho. Xa ezi zonakele, unamathuba amaninzi okufumana usulelo lokuphefumla .

Xa umsi ugcwalisa imiphunga kwaye ungene egazini...

Xa umsi ungena emiphungeni, wonakalisa iingxowa ezincinci zomoya (i-alveoli) apho. Oku kunokukhokelela kwiimeko ezifana ne -emphysema , uhlobo lwesifo semiphunga esingapheliyo esibizwa ngokuba yi-COPD (isifo semiphunga esingapheliyo). Kwingxowa zakho zomoya (i-alveoli), i-carbon monoxide evela kumsi ingena egazini lakho. Oku kuyingozi kakhulu kuba le carbon monoxide ithatha indawo yeoksijini kwiiseli zakho ezibomvu zegazi kwaye ingena egazini lakho endaweni yoko. Oku kuncitshisa iiseli zakho kunye nezicubu zakho ioksijini. Oku kunqongophala kweoksijini kunokukwenza uzive uphelelwa ngumoya. Iiseli emzimbeni wakho zibonisa ukuba azifumani ioksijini eyaneleyo, kodwa oku kubangela ukudumba okungakumbi kunye nokuqokelelwa kwe-mucus, okwenza kube nzima nangakumbi ukuphefumla.

Njengoko ihamba egazini lakho, i-nicotine yonakalisa ulwelo lwemithambo yegazi yakho. Oku kubangela ukuba ityebe kwaye inciphe. Iiseli zegazi ziqala ukunamathela kuzo, nto leyo eyandisa umngcipheko wezifo ezinzulu ezifana nokuqhekeka kwegazi, ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo, kunye nokubetha . Kumadoda, oku kuncipha kokuhamba kwegazi kunokubangela nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-erectile .

Xa iikhemikhali zihamba egazini ziye kwezinye iindawo zomzimba...

Xa sele ikwigazi, iikhemikhali ezikumsi wecuba zihamba emzimbeni wakho wonke. Oku kungonakalisa la malungu omzimba wakho:

• Amathambo: I-Nicotine inciphisa ukufunxwa kwe-calcium kunye nokuveliswa kweeseli ezakha amathambo. Oku kwenza amathambo akho abe mancinci kwaye abe buthathaka ngakumbi.
• Amehlo: Iikhemikhali ezikwicuba kunye nokungabikho kweoksijini konakalisa amehlo akho. Oku kunokukhokelela ekuwohlokeni kwe-macular, i-cataracts, kwanokulahlekelwa kukubona .
• Inkqubo yokuzikhusela komzimba : Ukutshaya kubangela ukudumba emzimbeni kwaye kwenza inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba ibe buthathaka. Oku kukwenza ube sesichengeni sokufumana izifo kunye nezifo ezibangelwa kukuzikhusela komzimba .
• IiHormone: I-Nicotine inokubangela utshintsho kwiihomoni, olunokuchaphazela ukuzala kwakho (amandla okuba nabantwana).
• I-DNA: Izinto ezifana ne-arsenic, i-nickel, kunye ne-radioactive polonium zingonakalisa i-DNA yakho, kwaye zinokuthintela neendlela umzimba wakho ozisebenzisayo ukuyilungisa. Umonakalo we-DNA ungakhokelela kwiingxaki zomhlaza kunye nokuzala ngokonakalisa isidoda .

Xa i-nicotine ifika engqondweni yakho...

Ukusuka egazini, i-nicotine iya ngqo engqondweni yakho. Apho, ivuselela ii-receptors ezithile engqondweni, ikhuphe imiqondiso 'yokuziva kamnandi' efana ne-dopamine, i-adrenaline, ii-endorphins, kunye ne-serotonin. Yile nto ikunika loo 'khaba' kunye 'nomoya' owufumanayo xa utshaya icuba. Kungathi i-nicotine ibethe amaqhosha engqondweni yakho kwaye ikwenza uzive ukhululekile, wonwabile, okanye uphilile. Kuthatha imizuzwana embalwa kuphela ukuba uthathe loo msipu wokuqala, kwaye konke oku kuyenzeka.

Xa ufumana iimpawu zokurhoxa...

Isibindi sakho sicubungula i-nicotine, kwaye kwiiyure ezimbalwa emva kokutshaya icuba, ikhutshwa emchameni wakho. Emva koko umzimba ulahlekelwa yiloo 'khaba' kwaye unqwenela enye icuba. Ukuba awuyitshayi, uqala ukuba neempawu zokurhoxa . Ezi ziquka ukungazinzi, ixhala, ukucaphuka, kunye nokungalali . Kancinci kancinci, umzimba wakho uyaqhelana ne-nicotine ('ukunyamezela'), kwaye udinga i-nicotine engakumbi ukuze uzive uphezulu kangako. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukuxhomekeka kwi-nicotine .

Ukuba ukhulelwe, umsi uyichaphazela njani imveku...

Ukutshaya ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunokuyicutha imithambo yegazi kwi-placenta nakwi-umbilical cord, kunciphisa inani legazi elinokufikelela kwi-fetus. Eli gazi linokuqulatha i-carbon monoxide, i-nicotine, kunye nezinye iikhemikhali eziyingozi. Oku kunokunciphisa i-oksijini yosana kwaye konakalise i-DNA yosana. Oomama abatshayayo ngexesha lokukhulelwa banamathuba amaninzi okuphuphuma kwezisu . Iintsana ezizelwe ngabantu abatshayayo zinokuba nobunzima obuphantsi bokuzalwa, iingxaki zentliziyo nemiphunga, kunye nokulibaziseka kokukhula .

Ziziphi iingxaki zempilo ezibangelwa kukutshaya?

Xa uninzi lwabantu lucinga ngokutshaya, lucinga ngomhlaza wemiphunga kuphela. Kodwa eneneni, ukutshaya kunokubangela kwaye kubenze babe mandundu izifo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo phantse kuwo onke amalungu omzimba wakho. Nazi ezimbalwa zazo:

• Umhlaza: Apha ngezantsi kukho uluhlu olupheleleyo lweentlobo zomhlaza ezinokubangelwa kukutshaya.
• Izifo zemiphunga: Ezi ziquka izifo ezifana ne-'COPD' (isifo semiphunga esingapheliyo), 'isifo sephepha', 'isifuba', kunye ne-'pulmonary fibrosis'.
• Izifo zentliziyo kunye nemithambo yegazi:Ezi zinokubangela ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo, isifo sohlangothi, okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo.
• Izifo zamehlo: i-cataracts, i-macular degeneration, ukulahleka kokubona, kwanobumfama.
• Iimeko ezenzeka xa kuzalwa: Ubunzima obuphantsi bokuzalwa kunye neziphene zokuzalwa kwiintsana ezizelwe ngoomama ababetshaya ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
• Ukuphuma kwesisu.
• Uhlobo lwesibini lweswekile.
• Isifo samathambo esibizwa ngokuba yi-rheumatoid arthritis (RA) kunye nezinye izifo ezichaphazela amasosha omzimba.
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle ngokwesondo (ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-erectile).
• Iingxaki zokuzala (ubunzima bokufumana abantwana).
• Ukwaluphala kwangethuba (imibimbi, ukuguga kwangethuba).

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba nokuba awutshayi, usenako ukuphefumla umsi xa umntu etshaya kufutshane nawe (oku kubizwa ngokuba 'ngumsi osetyenziswa ngomnye umntu'). Oku kunokuba yingozi kakhulu kwimpilo yakho.

Ukutshaya kunye nomhlaza

Ukutshaya kunokubangela okanye kwandise umngcipheko wokuba neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza. Kukwakho nobungqina bokuba abantu abatshayayo ngelixa befumana unyango lomhlaza banokufumana unyango olungasebenzi kakuhle kwaye banokuba namathuba amaninzi okubuyela kumhlaza wabo. Ukutshaya kunokubangela ezi ntlobo zilandelayo zomhlaza:

• I-Leukemia (`I-Acute myeloid leukemia`)
• Umhlaza wesinyi
• Umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko
• Umhlaza weColoral
• Umhlaza wesisu
• Umhlaza wezintso
• Umhlaza weLaryngeal kunye neminye imihlaza yomphimbo
• Umhlaza wesibindi
• Umhlaza wemiphunga
• Umhlaza womlomo
• Umhlaza wePancreatic
• Umhlaza wesisu

Ngaba imiphunga iyaphola emva kokuyeka ukutshaya?

Ewe! Ukuba uyeka ukutshaya, imiphunga yakho kunye neendlela zomoya ziya kuqala ukuphola ngandlela ithile.Kwiiveki ezimbalwa emva kokuyeka ukutshaya, ukudumba kunye nokuveliswa kwe-mucus emzimbeni kuya kuncipha. Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa, ezo cilia sithethe ngazo ngaphambili ziya kuqala ukukhula kwakhona. Enyanisweni, uninzi lweenkqubo zomzimba wakho ziya kuqala ukuphola emva kokuba uyekile ukutshaya.

Ukuba oku kuthatha ixesha elingakanani kuxhomekeke ekubeni utshaya ixesha elingakanani kwaye umonakalo owenze emiphungeni yakho ungakanani. Ezinye iingxaki, ezinje ngokungakwazi ukutshaya, ziya kuqala ukuphucuka ngokukhawuleza. Kodwa omnye umonakalo usenokungaphindi uguqulwe ngokupheleleyo - iimeko ezifana ne-COPD kunye ne-pulmonary fibrosis azinakuguqulwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uyeka ukutshaya iminyaka embalwa, umngcipheko wakho wokuba nomhlaza nezinye izifo uya kuncipha kakhulu, mhlawumbi ukuya kwinqanaba elifanayo nomntu ongatshayiyo.

Ndingakuyeka njani ukutshaya?

Zininzi iindlela zokukunceda uyeke ukutshaya. Kusenokufuneka nizame iindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye de nifumane enye ekulungeleyo. Okanye kusenokufuneka nitshintshele kwenye indlela xa enye indlela ingasebenzi. Nazi ezinye zazo:

• I-cold turkey: Oku kuthetha ukuyeka ukutshaya ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kwamayeza okanye indawo ye-nicotine. Le ndlela ingaphumelela kwabanye abantu, kodwa ingaba yinkqubo enzima ngenxa yobudlelwane bomzimba wakho ne-nicotine.
• Unyango lokutshintsha i-nicotine: Oku kuquka i-nicotine equlethe i-nicotine, ii-lozenges, ii-patches, ii-spray zeempumlo, okanye ii-inhalers.
• Amayeza: Ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza afana ne-bupropion okanye i-varenicline ukunceda ekunciphiseni iimpawu zokurhoxa kunye nokunqwenela icuba.
• Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila: Izinto ezinje ngokwenza umthambo ngakumbi, ukutshintsha indlela oqhele ukwenza ngayo imihla ngemihla, okanye unyango lokuziphatha (i-CBT) zinokukunceda uzive ungcono kwaye uyeke imikhwa enxulumene nokutshaya.

Ukuba ndingumtshayi, ndingazinyamekela njani?

Akuyomfihlo ukuba ukuba uyatshaya, eyona nto ingcono onokuzenzela yona kukuyeka. Kodwa ngelixa usekwinkqubo yokuyeka, unokunceda umzimba wakho uphile ngokuzilolonga, ukutya ukutya okunesondlo, nokusela amanzi amaninzi. Nokuba utshaya ngoku okanye uyekile, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuhlolwa komhlaza wemiphunga ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Kunokukunceda ufumanise umhlaza kwangethuba kwaye kusindise ubomi bakho.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Abantu bebetshaya ngenxa yezizathu zentlalo nezenkcubeko ukususela mandulo. Izizathu zokutshaya namhlanje azifani: icuba linokuba yinxalenye yemisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla - okanye lingaba yindlela yokuphumla kuloo mkhwa.

Kodwa ngoku siyazi ukuba ukutshaya kuyingozi kangakanani empilweni yakho, nakwimpilo yabo bakungqongileyo. Ngenxa yokuba i-nicotine inamathele kakhulu engqondweni yakho, kuyinyani ukuba akulula ukuyeka ukutshaya kuba nje uyazi ukuba kuyingozi. Ukuqonda olu nxibelelwano kunye nesizathu sokuba kunzima ukuyeka kunokunceda. Kwaye ungalibali ukuba nobubele kuwe njengoko uqhubeka. Ukusuka ekubeni ngumntu otshayayo ukuya ekubeni ngumntu oyekayo yinkqubo, isigqibo osenza yonke imihla.

Ukongeza kwiindlela zokuyeka ukutshaya, kunokunceda ukukhumbula ukuba uza kuziva ungcono kangakanani ekuhambeni kwexesha. Uya kukwazi ukubuyela ekwenzeni izinto obukade uzonwabela, ukonwabele incasa kunye nevumba lokutya kwakhona, ukhusele impilo yabathandekayo bakho, kwaye wonge imali. Cela uncedo kubahlobo, kusapho, nakugqirha wakho - baxelele ngotshintsho olwenzayo kwaye ubuze ukuba banokunceda njani.

Ukutshaya , icuba, inicotine, umhlaza, impilo, imiphunga, isifo sentliziyo, ukuyeka ukutshaya