Xa ugqirha ekuxelela okanye umntu omaziyo ukuba kufuneka wenze utyando lwentliziyo oluvulekileyo, enye yezona zinto zixhalabisayo engqondweni kukuba, "Ngaba isifuba sam siza kuvulwa?" Kwenzeka ntoni ngokwenene koku? Igama lezonyango elithi "ukuvulwa kwesifuba" yi "Sternotomy." Musa ukoyika xa usiva eli gama, aloyiki njengoko ucinga. Masithethe ngayo yonke into ngokulula, ukusuka ku-A ukuya ku-Z.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iSternotomy?
I-sternotomy yinkqubo eyahlula ithambo elisicaba eliphakathi kwesifuba sakho, i-sternum (ithambo lesifuba), okwethutyana ukuze kwenziwe utyando. Cinga ngale ndlela: i-sternum kunye neembambo zilapho ukukhusela amalungu abalulekileyo njengentliziyo kunye nemiphunga esifubeni sethu. Kufana nesefu egcina izinto ezixabisekileyo.
Ngoko ke, xa ingxaki yentliziyo (njengomthambo wegazi ovalekileyo okhokelela entliziyweni) kufuneka ilungiswe ngotyando, ugqirha kufuneka abe nokufikelela kakuhle entliziyweni. Ngelo xesha, eli thambo lesifuba elikhuselayo liyanqunyulwa ngononophelo phakathi lize lahlulwe phakathi ukuze kwenziwe indlela eya entliziyweni. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-'Sternotomy'.
Njengokuba ifreyimu yocango isuswa okwethutyana ize incamathiselwe kwakhona ukuze into enkulu ingene endlwini, eli thambo lesifuba liyahlulwa kabini okwethutyana lize lincamathiselwe kwakhona emva kotyando ukuze oogqirha bakwazi ukufikelela intliziyo yakho ngokulula.
Ngamanye amaxesha, endaweni yokusikwa ngokupheleleyo kwe-sternum, kwenziwa umngxuma omncinci (malunga ne-2-3 intshi). Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-'mini-sternumotomy'.
Ngaba i-sternotomy lutyando olukhulu?
Ewe, olu lutyando luthathwa njengotyando olukhulu. Isizathu esiphambili kukuba kuthatha malunga neeveki ezisi-8, okanye malunga neenyanga ezimbini, ukuba i-sternum iphole ngokupheleleyo. Kwakhona, i-sternotomy idla ngokwenziwa njengotyando lwentliziyo evulekileyo, oko kuthetha ukuba ilungiselela indlela yotyando olukhulu olufana notyando lwentliziyo evulekileyo, ngoko ke xa usenza olu tyando zombini kunye, luba lutyando olukhulu. Kodwa khumbula, olu lutyando oluqhelekileyo noluphumeleleyo olwenziwa ngoogqirha bentliziyo kwihlabathi liphela.
Lwenziwa njani utyando? Inyathelo ngenyathelo
Kuqhelekile ukuziva usoyika xa ucinga ngotyando olunje. Kodwa olo loyiko luyancipha kakhulu xa uyazi kakuhle into eza kwenzeka. Nantsi indlela olu tyando olwenziwa ngayo inyathelo ngenyathelo.
| Amanyathelo | Kwenzekani? |
|---|---|
| 1. Ukulungiselela | Uza kufakwa i-anesthesia ngokupheleleyo, ukuze ungaziva ntlungu. Emva koko, ulusu esifubeni sakho luya kucocwa kakuhle kwaye iinwele zisuswe ukuba kuyimfuneko. |
| 2. Ukusikwa kolusu | Ugqirha uza kwenza utyando oluziisentimitha ezi-6 eluswini lwesifuba sakho, ukusuka phakathi kwamathambo akho ekhola ukuya ezantsi. |
| 3. Ukusikwa kweSternum | Ngokusebenzisa isarha ekhethekileyo yezonyango (`isarha yangasemva`), ithambo lesifuba lahlulwe ngononophelo nangokuchanekileyo libe zizibini phakathi. |
| 4. Ukwenzela intliziyo indawo | Kufakwa isixhobo esikhethekileyo (i-"retractor") kwaye iziqwenga zamathambo ezimbini ezahluliweyo zishukunyiswa emacaleni, kudala isithuba ukuze intliziyo ibonakale ngokucacileyo. |
| 5. Ukwenza utyando olukhulu | Oku kwenzeka xa kwenziwa utyando entliziyweni okanye kwisitho esinxulumene noko (umz., utyando lwe-bypass, ukutshintshwa kwevalvu). |
| 6. Ukufakelwa kwakhona kwe-sternum | Nje ukuba utyando lugqityiwe, i-sternum ehlukanisiweyo iyabuyiselwa ndawonye ize iqiniswe ngeengcingo zentsimbi engagqwaliyo ezimalunga ne-8 ukuya kwi-12 (iingcingo ze-sternotomy). |
| 7. Ukuthunga inxeba | Ekugqibeleni, izicwili zangaphakathi kunye nolusu ziyathungwa, inxeba liyavalwa, kwaye kusetyenziswa amafutha okuthintela usulelo. |
Yintoni onokuyilindela emva kotyando?
Emva kotyando, kuya kufuneka uhlale kwigumbi lonyango olungxamisekileyo (ICU) lesibhedlele kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa. Emva koko uza kudluliselwa kwigumbi eliqhelekileyo.
Ixesha lokuchacha kunye nezinto ekufuneka uzazi
- Ixesha lokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo:Kuthatha malunga neenyanga ezimbini ukuba i-sternum iphole ngokupheleleyo. Kufuneka ulumke kakhulu ngeli xesha.
- Intlungu: Kuqhelekile ukuba nentlungu emva kotyando. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwabantu lunokulawula intlungu ngeepilisi ezilula zokudambisa iintlungu ezifana ne-'Paracetamol'. Ukuba unentlungu enganyamezelekiyo, xelela ugqirha wakho okanye umongikazi.
- Ukuphakamisa iintsimbi: Oku kubaluleke kakhulu . Kwiinyanga ezimbini zokuqala, musa ukuphakamisa ngaphezu kwe-4-5 kg . Ngamafutshane, akulunganga ukuphakamisa ubisi olungaphezulu kwe-4-5 litres.
- Indlela yokusebenzisa izandla zakho: Xa uphakamisa into, sebenzisa zombini izandla. Kwakhona, phakamisa izandla zombini kufutshane nomzimba wakho. Kuphephe ukuphakamisa iintsimbi ngesandla esinye okanye ukutyhala iingcango.
- Ukukhohlela nokuthimla: Xa ukhohlela, uthimla, okanye uhleka, beka umqamelo okanye ingalo esongiweyo esifubeni sakho. Oku kuya kunciphisa uxinzelelo kwi-sternum yakho kwaye kunciphise iintlungu.
- Ukuqhuba: Ngokwesiqhelo uya kukwazi ukuqhuba kwakhona emva kwenyanga enye okanye ezimbini, kodwa kungcono ubuze ugqirha wakho ukuze uqiniseke.
Iimpawu ezilumkisayo zokuba ufanele ubonane nogqirha
Emva kokuba ubuyele ekhaya, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba unikele ingqalelo kwinxeba lakho nasemzimbeni wakho. Ukuba unezinye zeempawu ezilandelayo, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko , okanye uye esibhedlele apho ufumene khona unyango.
- Utshintsho lwethambo lesifuba: Ukuba uziva ngathi ithambo lakho lesifuba liyashukuma, okanye ukuba uva okanye uva isandi esithi 'click' okanye 'click'.
- Intlungu eyandayo: Intlungu kufuneka yehle kancinci kancinci njengoko inxeba liphola. Kodwa ukuba intlungu iyanda ngequbuliso.
- Ukukhupha amanzi kwinxeba: Ukuba inxeba liphuma ulwelo olutyheli, oluluhlaza, okanye olunuka kakubi.
- Ukudumba kunye nokubomvu: Ukuba indawo ejikeleze inxeba ibomvu kakhulu, idumbile, kwaye ivakala ishushu xa uyichukumisa.
- Umkhuhlane: Ukuba kukho umkhuhlane emzimbeni.
Ezi mpawu zinokubonisa ukuba inxeba lisulelekile okanye ithambo alipholi kakuhle. Ngoko ke musa ukuzityeshela.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Utyando lwentliziyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-sternotomy luqhelekile kwaye lukhuselekile ukuze kuvulwe ithuba lotyando lwentliziyo. Musa ukoyika.
- Kuthatha malunga neenyanga ezimbini ukuba i-sternum eqhekekileyo iphole. Ngeli xesha, kuphephe ukuphakamisa izinto ezinzima okanye ukutsala umzimba wakho nangayiphi na indlela.
- Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngononophelo, ingakumbi malunga nokuphakamisa iintsimbi nokukhusela isifuba sakho.
- Ukuba inxeba liba buhlungu, lenza ingxolo engaqhelekanga, okanye lineempawu ezifana nokuphuma kobovu kulo, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nolu tyando, ungoyiki ukubuza ugqirha wakho. Lilungelo lakho.
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