Ii-Allergies kunye nokungakhuseleki komzimbaJulayi 16, 2026🔄 Updated: Jul 16, 2026⏱ 10 min

Ngaba unemibuzo malunga ne-lupus? Makhe sithethe ngayo!

Creator: Dr. Priya Sammani
Published: 2026-07-15T22:42:35.000Z

Dr. Priya Sammani, MBBS, PG Dip. FMMedical Verification

I-Lupus yimeko enzima nehlala ixesha elide. Ngamafutshane, yimeko apho inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela, esikhusela kwizifo, iphelelwa ngamandla ize iqale ukuhlasela iiseli zethu eziphilileyo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-autoimmunity. Oku kungonakalisa amalungu ahlukeneyo, kuquka ulusu, amalungu, izintso, intliziyo, kunye nengqondo. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, ngoku kukho unyango olusebenzayo lokunceda ukulawula ezi mpawu kunye nokunciphisa ukudumba.

Zithini iimpawu zeLupus?

Iimpawu ze-lupus zinokwahluka kumntu nomntu. Oku kuthetha ukuba ayinguye wonke umntu oza kuba neempawu ezifanayo. Kodwa kukho ezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi.

Irhashalala ebomvu ebusweni okanye kwezinye iindawo zomzimba . Ngamanye amaxesha oku kunokubonakala kumacala omabini obuso ngendlela efana nebhabhathane (irhashalala yebhabhathane).
Ulusu luba novelwano kakhulu kwilanga . Nokuba lubekwe elangeni ixesha elifutshane nje lunokubangela ukuba ulusu lube bomvu kwaye lucaphuke .
Ukuziva udiniwe kakhulu . Nokuba ulala kangakanani na, ungaziva ngathi oku kudinwa akuyi kuphela.
Umkhuhlane oqala ngaphandle kwesizathu .
Intlungu yamalungu kunye nokudumba . Le ntlungu inokuba mandundu kusasa.
Isifo sikaRaynaud . Oku kulapho iminwe neenzwane zijika zibe mhlophe ngequbuliso, zibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, zingabi nanto, kwaye zibe buhlungu xa zibekwe emakhazeni. Emva koko zijika zibe bomvu kwakhona.
Iintlungu zemisipha .
Ukuhla ukusinda .
Izilonda empumlweni, emlonyeni, okanye emqaleni .
Iindlala ezidumbileyo .
Amabala anempandla kunye nokulahleka kweenwele .
Ukuncipha kwenani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi, oko kukuthi, i-anemia .
Ukuthambekela ekubeni nosulelo rhoqo .
Ukudumba kweenwebu ezijikeleze intliziyo, isisu, okanye imiphunga . Oku kunokubangela iintlungu esifubeni kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla.
Ukuxhuzula okanye ezinye iingxaki zemithambo-luvo.
Iingxaki zezintso : Kunokubakho iiproteni kumchamo kunye nokudumba emilenzeni.

Khumbula, ukuba nje unempawu enye okanye ezimbini kwezi akuthethi ukuba une-lupus. Kodwa ukuba uneempawu ezininzi ezilandelelanayo, kungcono ukubona ugqirha ukuze akunike ingcebiso.

I-Lupus ixhaphake kakhulu kubasetyhini abancinci, ingakumbi abo baneminyaka eli-15 ukuya kwengama-45 ubudala.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-lupus?
Nangona ibizwa ngokuba yi-lupus, kukho iintlobo ezininzi eziphambili. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi.
I-Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwe-lupus. Igama elithi 'systemic' lithetha ukuba luchaphazela iinkqubo ezininzi emzimbeni. Oku kuthetha ukuba i-SLE inokuchaphazela amalungu amaninzi ahlukeneyo, kuquka ulusu, amalungu, izintso, ingqondo, intliziyo, kunye nemiphunga. Yiyo loo nto iimpawu zahlukile kangaka.
I-Lupus enesikhumba
Olu hlobo luchaphazela kakhulu ulusu. Kukho ezinye iintlobo zale hlobo, umzekelo:
I-Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE) : Oku kubangela ukuba kuvele amabala angqukuva, amile okweengqekembe, abomvu, anamaxolo eluswini. La aqheleke kakhulu kwiindawo ezivezwe lilanga ezifana nobuso, iindlebe, kunye nentloko yentloko. Ukuba kuvela amabala entloko entloko, kunokubangela ukulahleka kweenwele kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kube namanxeba.
I-Subacute Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus (SCLE) : Oku kunokubangela izilonda ezibomvu, ezijikelezileyo, okanye ezi-papulosquamous. Ezi zikwavela rhoqo kwiindawo ezivezwe lilanga. Nangona kunjalo, azinakwenzeka ukuba zibangele amanxeba kune-DLE.
I-Lupus Erythematosus ebangelwa ngamayeza (DILE)
Eli libali elahlukileyo. Amanye amayeza (umzekelo, amanye amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isifo sentliziyo, kunye nesifo sokuwa) anokubangela iimpawu ze-lupus njengempendulo yokusetyenziswa ixesha elide. Kodwa into ebalulekileyo kukuba ezi mpawu zihlala ziphela kwiinyanga ezimbalwa emva kokuyeka amayeza. Kwaye akunakwenzeka ukuba abangele umonakalo omkhulu, njengomonakalo wezintso.
Zithini izizathu ze-lupus?
Kunzima ukukhomba unobangela omnye kuphela we-lupus. Idla ngokubangelwa zizinto ezahlukeneyo. Makhe sijonge izinto eziphambili ezinokubangela oku:
Ukuthambekela kwimfuza : Ukuba abanye abantu bane-lupus okanye ezinye izifo ezichaphazela amasosha omzimba kwiintsapho zabo, banokuba nethuba elithile lokukhula kwesi sifo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ii-genes zinefuthe elithile kuso. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ne-genes zodwa akusibangeli esi sifo, nezinye izinto kufuneka zidlale indima.
Izinto ezibangela indaloNgamanye amaxesha esi sifo sinokubangelwa zizinto ezikwindawo engaphandle.
Izifo : Kufunyenwe ukuba iimpawu ze-lupus zinokuvela emva kwezinto ezithile, ezinje ngezifo ezibangelwa yintsholongwane.
Amayeza athile : Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, i-lupus inokwenzeka ngenxa yempendulo kumayeza athile.
Ukukhanya kwelanga (imitha ye-UV) : Ukuvezwa kwimitha ye-ultraviolet kunokubangela ukuba i-lupus idubule okanye ikhule kwabanye abantu.
Uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo lomzimba okanye lweemvakalelo : Iimpawu ngamanye amaxesha zinokuvela emva kweziganeko ezixinzelelekileyo kakhulu, njengengozi enkulu, utyando, okanye ukufa komntu omthandayo.
IiHormone : Ngenxa yokuba i-lupus ixhaphake kakhulu kubasetyhini, izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba i- estrogen yehomoni yabasetyhini inokuba nento ebangela esi sifo. Umzekelo, iimpawu zinokutshintsha ngexesha lokukhulelwa okanye ngamaxesha athile omjikelo wokuya esikhathini.
Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuze umntu abe ne-lupus, kufuneka abe nesifo se-lupus, kwaye kufuneka kubekho into ethile ebangela ukuba ezo jini zisebenze. Oku kufana nokutsala i-trigger yompu ukuze udubule.
Ifunyanwa njani iLupus?
Ukuqaphela i-lupus ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba nzima kuba iimpawu zayo ziyahluka kumntu nomntu kwaye zinokufana nezezinye izifo. Ukuba ugqirha urhanela ukuba i-lupus inesifo, uya kwenza oku kulandelayo:
Baza kukubuza imibuzo emininzi malunga neempawu zakho : zithini iimpawu zakho, ziqale nini, ziba mandundu okanye zibe ngcono njani, njl. Basenokubuza nokuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho okhe waba nezi meko.
Uvavanyo lomzimba : Uhlola izilonda zesikhumba, amalungu avuvukileyo, imiphunga kunye nentliziyo.
Uvavanyo lwegazi : Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Uvavanyo lwegazi lujonga izinto ezifana nezi:
Ubalo lwegazi olupheleleyo (CBC) : Oku kujonga inani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, kunye neeplatelets. Abantu abane-lupus banokuba ne-anemia, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezisezantsi, kunye neeplatelets ezisezantsi.
Uvavanyo lwe-Antinuclear Antibody (ANA) : Olu lolona vavanyo luphambili olwenziwa xa kurhanelwa ukuba i-lupus iyasebenza. I-ANA luhlobo lwe-antibody eveliswa nxamnye ne-nucleus yeeseli zomzimba wethu. Uninzi lwabantu abane-lupus banovavanyo lwe-ANA oluqinisekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ayingabo bonke abantu abane-ANA abane-lupus. I-ANA inokuba ne-HIV nakwezinye iimeko zonyango nakubantu abaphilileyo.
Ezinye ii-autoantibodies ezithile: Ukuba i-ANA ilungile, sikwakhangela ii-antibodies ezikhethekileyo kwi-lupus, ezifana ne-anti-dsDNA kunye ne-anti-Sm. Ukuba ezi zilungile, ziluncedo kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni i-lupus.
I-ESR (Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate) kunye ne-CRP (C-Reactive Protein) : Olu vavanyo lunokujonga ukudumba emzimbeni. Oku kunokunyuka ngexesha lokwanda kwe-lupus.
Uvavanyo lomchamo : Uvavanyo lomchamo lwenziwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba izintso zichaphazelekile na. Lujonga iproteni kunye negazi kumchamo.
Ngamanye amaxesha kunokwenziwa isampuli yezicubu (i-biopsy) : Ukuba kukho isilonda sesikhumba, iqhekeza elincinci laso (i-skin biopsy) lingathathwa lize lihlolwe phantsi kwe-microscope ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho naluphi na utshintsho olunxulumene ne-lupus. Kwakhona, ukuba kukho ukurhaneleka kokuba izintso zichaphazelekile, iqhekeza elincinci lentso lingathathwa lize lihlolwe (i-kidney biopsy).
Ukuchonga isifo se-lupus kufana nokusombulula iphazili. Ugqirha wakho uza kudibanisa iimpawu zakho, iziphumo zovavanyo, kunye nolunye ulwazi ukuze afumane uxilongo oluchanekileyo. Ke ngoko, kunzima ukwenza uxilongo oluchanekileyo ngokusekelwe kuvavanyo olunye.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lweLupus?
Okwangoku akukho nyango lwe-lupus. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, kukho unyango oluninzi olusebenzayo olufumanekayo ukunceda ukulawula iimpawu, ukunciphisa ukudumba kwamalungu omzimba, kunye nokunciphisa umonakalo wamalungu omzimba. Unyango lusekelwe kumalungu omzimba achaphazelekileyo kunye nokuba iimpawu zakho zinzima kangakanani . Umntu one-lupus uhlala efuna uncedo lweqela loogqirha.
Uncedo oluvela koogqirha abaziingcali
Ngenxa yokuba i-lupus inokuchaphazela iindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba, ingadinga uncedo lweengcali ezininzi. Umzekelo:
Ingcali yeRheumatology : Ugqirha ogxile kwizifo zamalungu, izihlunu, kunye nezicubu ezidityanisiweyo. Ingcali yerheumatology idlala indima ebalulekileyo kunyango lwe-lupus.
Ingcali yezifo zezintso : Ugqirha ogxile kwizifo zezintso. Ukuba izintso zichaphazeleka yi-lupus, uncedo lwalo gqirha lubalulekile.
Ingcali yolusu : Inyanga iingxaki zolusu ezifana neziphene kunye namanxeba.
Ingcali yentliziyo : Ukuba kukho naziphi na iziphumo entliziyweni.
Ingcali yeMiphunga : Ukuba kukho iziphumo kwimiphunga.
Ingcali yezifo zengqondo : Ukuba kukho impembelelo engqondweni okanye kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo.
Ingcali yezengqondo okanye iNgcali yezengqondo : Ukukunceda ujongane noxinzelelo kunye nosizi oluhambisana nokuphila nesifo esihlala ixesha elide njenge-lupus.
Iintlobo zamayeza asetyenzisiweyo
Amayeza ahlukeneyo asetyenziswa ukulawula iimpawu ze-lupus nokuthintela ukuba esi sifo singabi mandundu.
Amayeza okulwa nokuvuvukala :
Amayeza Angalwiyo Nee-steroidal Alwa Nokuvuvukala (ii-NSAID) : Umzekelo, amayeza afana ne-ibuprofen kunye ne-naproxen. La mayeza anikwa izinto ezifana neentlungu zamalungu, iintlungu zemisipha, kunye nomkhuhlane. Nangona kunjalo, la mayeza kufuneka athathwe kuphela phantsi kwengcebiso kagqirha, njengoko abanye abantu banokuba neengxaki zesisu kunye neengxaki zezintso.
Amayeza okulwa nemalariya : I-Hydroxychloroquine yeyona iyeza lisetyenziswa kakhulu. Nangona iliyeza lemalariya, linceda kakhulu ekunciphiseni ukurhawuzelela kolusu, iintlungu zamalungu, kunye nokudinwa kwi-lupus. Ikwanciphisa ubukhali besifo.
IiCorticosteroids : Amayeza afana ne-prednisolone. La mayeza anceda ekunciphiseni ukudumba kunye nokusebenza kwenkqubo yomzimba ngokukhawuleza. La mayeza asetyenziswa xa isifo sinzima kwaye xa umonakalo wamalungu omzimba usongela ubomi. Nangona kunjalo, kuba la mayeza anokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga (ukwanda kobunzima, isifo seswekile, ukubhitya kwamathambo, kunye nokwanda kokusuleleka) xa esetyenziswa ixesha elide, oogqirha bazama ukuwanika idosi ephantsi kangangoko kunokwenzeka ngexesha elifutshane kangangoko.
Amayeza okuthintela amasosha omzimba : Amayeza afana ne-Azathioprine, i-Mycophenolate, i-Cyclophosphamide, kunye ne-Methotrexate. La mayeza asebenza ngokunciphisa ukusebenza kwenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela kwaye ayithintele ekuhlaseleni umzimba wayo. La mayeza asetyenziswa xa kukho umonakalo omkhulu kumalungu omzimba, ingakumbi izintso. Kufuneka uhlale uphantsi kweliso likagqirha ngelixa usebenzisa la mayeza, njengoko umngcipheko wokufumana usulelo usanda.
I-Biologics : Amayeza amatsha, anjengeBelimumab kunye neRituximab, ngoku ayafumaneka. La mayeza ajolise kwiindawo ezithile zenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela kwaye anokuba luncedo ngakumbi kwabanye abantu.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthatha amayeza owanikwe ngugqirha wakho njengoko eyalelwe, ngexesha elimiselweyo, nangexesha elimiselweyo. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba loluphi unyango olufanelekileyo kuwe kunye nexesha omele ulithathe. Ungaze uyeke ukuthatha amayeza akho okanye utshintshe umthamo ngokwakho.
Yintoni enye ekufuneka uyazi malunga nokuphila ne-lupus?
Ekubeni i-lupus sisifo esihlala ixesha elide, kubalulekile ukufunda ukuphila naso. Ukongeza kumayeza, kukho utshintsho olulula onokulwenza kwindlela yakho yokuphila olunokunceda ukulawula iimpawu kunye nokuthintela ukudumba.
Zikhusele elangeni.: Abantu abaninzi abane-lupus bayayiva imitha yelanga. Ngoko ke kuphephe ukuphuma elangeni phakathi kwentsimbi ye-10 kusasa ne-4 emva kwemini kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ukuba uyaphuma, sebenzisa i-sunscreen ene-SPF engama-30 nangaphezulu. Nxiba impahla enemikhono emide, umnqwazi, kunye neeglasi zelanga.
Phumla ngokwaneleyo : Ukudinwa luphawu oluphambili lwe-lupus. Ngoko zama ukulala ubuncinane iiyure ezisi-8 ngosuku. Kulungile nokuphumla emini. Musa ukusebenza kakhulu emzimbeni wakho.
Yitya ukutya okunempilo : Kubaluleke kakhulu ukutya ukutya okunesondlo. Faka imifuno, iziqhamo, iimbotyi, ukutya okutyebileyo kwifayibha, kunye neeproteni ezingenamafutha amaninzi (intlanzi, inkukhu) ekutyeni kwakho. Nciphisa ukutya okucutshungulweyo, ukutya okuneswekile eninzi, kunye nokutya okunamafutha amaninzi.
Ukuzilolonga : Musa ukuhlala nje kwindawo enye kuba udiniwe. Ukuzilolonga okuthambileyo njengokuhamba, ukudada, kunye neyoga kunokunceda ukunciphisa ukuqina kwamalungu, ukuqinisa izihlunu, ukunciphisa ukudinwa, kunye nokuphucula impilo yengqondo. Kodwa kungcono ukubuza ugqirha wakho malunga nokuba zeziphi izilolonga ezifanelekileyo kuwe.
Ulawulo loxinzelelo : Uxinzelelo lunokwenza iimpawu ze-lupus zibe mandundu. Ngoko zama ukunciphisa uxinzelelo ngezinto ezifana nokucamngca, i-yoga, ukuzilolonga ngokuphefumla nzulu, kunye nokwenza into oyithandayo.
Kuphephe ukutshaya : Ukutshaya kunokwenza i-lupus ibe mandundu kwaye konyuse umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo. Ngoko ke ukuba uyatshaya, fumana uncedo lokuyeka.
Yiya rhoqo kugqirha wakho: Yiya kugqirha wakho ngexesha elicwangcisiweyo. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze ubone ukuba amayeza asebenza kakuhle na, ukuba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, kwaye ukuba isifo silawulwa.
Qaphela iimpawu zokudumba kwemisipha : Zama ukuqonda ukuba zeziphi iimpawu onazo ngaphambi kokuba udumba kwemisipha (umz., ukudinwa okukhulu, iintlungu ezintsha zamalungu, ukurhawuzelela kolusu). Ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho kwangoko nje ukuba uqaphela ezi mpawu, ungaqala unyango kwangethuba kwaye uthintele ukuba isifo singabi mandundu.
Yazisa ngemfundo okanye indawo osebenza kuyo : Ukuba ungumfundi, xelela ootitshala bakho kunye nabasebenzi besikolo ngemeko yakho. Emva koko ungafumana inkxaso oyifunayo. Ukuba uqeshiwe, yazisa indawo osebenza kuyo ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Ukuphila ne-lupus kunokuba nzima, kodwa awuwedwa. Fumana inkxaso kwiqela lakho lezonyango, usapho, kunye nabahlobo. Yiba nolwazi olupheleleyo ngesi sifo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
Kulungile, ngoko ke ndiyathemba ukuba unembono entle malunga neLupus kwizinto esizithethileyo. Okokugqibela, nazi izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule:
I-Lupus sisifo esihlala ixesha elide apho amajoni ethu omzimba ahlasela imizimba yethu. Ingachaphazela amalungu amaninzi omzimba.
Iimpawu ziyahluka kumntu nomntu. Ukurhawuzelela kolusu, iintlungu zamalungu, ukudinwa kakhulu, kunye nomkhuhlane zezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo.
Iingcebiso zonyango kunye novavanyo zibalulekile ukuze ufumane uxilongo oluchanekileyo. Musa ukuzama ukufumanisa isifo ngokwakho.
Nangona i-lupus ingenakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo, ngoku kukho unyango olusebenzayo kakhulu lokulawula iimpawu kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa amayeza achazwe ngugqirha ngokuchanekileyo kwaye wenze uvavanyo oluchazwe ngugqirha.
Utshintsho olulula kwindlela yokuphila (ukukhusela ilanga, ukutya okunempilo, ukuzilolonga, ukulawula uxinzelelo) lunokunceda kakhulu ekulawuleni esi sifo.
Awuwedwa. Kukho oogqirha, abahlengikazi, abacebisi, kunye nabantu obathandayo abanokukunceda ujongane ne-lupus.
Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuphila ngempumelelo ne-lupus kukwazi ngayo, ukuthetha ngayo ngokukhululekileyo, kwaye ufumane inkxaso oyifunayo. Ukuba uneengxaki, ungoyiki ukuthetha nogqirha.
I-Lupus, i-SLE, ukuzikhusela komzimba, iimpawu, unyango, iSri Lanka, ukuzikhusela komzimba, iintlungu zamalungu, izifo zolusu

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

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Ii-Allergies kunye nokungakhuseleki komzimbaJulayi 16, 2026
Ngaba unemibuzo malunga ne-lupus? Makhe sithethe ngayo!
Dr. Priya SammaniMedical Verification
⏱ 10 min read
📋Table of Contents
1. Zithini iimpawu zeLupus?
2. Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-lupus?
3. I-Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
4. I-Lupus enesikhumba
5. I-Lupus Erythematosus ebangelwa ngamayeza (DILE)
6. Zithini izizathu ze-lupus?
7. Ifunyanwa njani iLupus?
8. Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lweLupus?
9. Uncedo oluvela koogqirha abaziingcali
10. Iintlobo zamayeza asetyenzisiweyo
11. Yintoni enye ekufuneka uyazi malunga nokuphila ne-lupus?
12. Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
I-Lupus yimeko enzima nehlala ixesha elide. Ngamafutshane, yimeko apho inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela, esikhusela kwizifo, iphelelwa ngamandla ize iqale ukuhlasela iiseli zethu eziphilileyo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-autoimmunity. Oku kungonakalisa amalungu ahlukeneyo, kuquka ulusu, amalungu, izintso, intliziyo, kunye nengqondo. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, ngoku kukho unyango olusebenzayo lokunceda ukulawula ezi mpawu kunye nokunciphisa ukudumba.
Zithini iimpawu zeLupus?
Iimpawu ze-lupus zinokwahluka kumntu nomntu. Oku kuthetha ukuba ayinguye wonke umntu oza kuba neempawu ezifanayo. Kodwa kukho ezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi.
Irhashalala ebomvu ebusweni okanye kwezinye iindawo zomzimba . Ngamanye amaxesha oku kunokubonakala kumacala omabini obuso ngendlela efana nebhabhathane (irhashalala yebhabhathane).
Ulusu luba novelwano kakhulu kwilanga . Nokuba lubekwe elangeni ixesha elifutshane nje lunokubangela ukuba ulusu lube bomvu kwaye lucaphuke .
Ukuziva udiniwe kakhulu . Nokuba ulala kangakanani na, ungaziva ngathi oku kudinwa akuyi kuphela.
Umkhuhlane oqala ngaphandle kwesizathu .
Intlungu yamalungu kunye nokudumba . Le ntlungu inokuba mandundu kusasa.
Isifo sikaRaynaud . Oku kulapho iminwe neenzwane zijika zibe mhlophe ngequbuliso, zibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, zingabi nanto, kwaye zibe buhlungu xa zibekwe emakhazeni. Emva koko zijika zibe bomvu kwakhona.
Iintlungu zemisipha .
Ukuhla ukusinda .
Izilonda empumlweni, emlonyeni, okanye emqaleni .
Iindlala ezidumbileyo .
Amabala anempandla kunye nokulahleka kweenwele .
Ukuncipha kwenani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi, oko kukuthi, i-anemia .
Ukuthambekela ekubeni nosulelo rhoqo .
Ukudumba kweenwebu ezijikeleze intliziyo, isisu, okanye imiphunga . Oku kunokubangela iintlungu esifubeni kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla.
Ukuxhuzula okanye ezinye iingxaki zemithambo-luvo.
Iingxaki zezintso : Kunokubakho iiproteni kumchamo kunye nokudumba emilenzeni.
Khumbula, ukuba nje unempawu enye okanye ezimbini kwezi akuthethi ukuba une-lupus. Kodwa ukuba uneempawu ezininzi ezilandelelanayo, kungcono ukubona ugqirha ukuze akunike ingcebiso.
I-Lupus ixhaphake kakhulu kubasetyhini abancinci, ingakumbi abo baneminyaka eli-15 ukuya kwengama-45 ubudala.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-lupus?
Nangona ibizwa ngokuba yi-lupus, kukho iintlobo ezininzi eziphambili. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi.
I-Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwe-lupus. Igama elithi 'systemic' lithetha ukuba luchaphazela iinkqubo ezininzi emzimbeni. Oku kuthetha ukuba i-SLE inokuchaphazela amalungu amaninzi ahlukeneyo, kuquka ulusu, amalungu, izintso, ingqondo, intliziyo, kunye nemiphunga. Yiyo loo nto iimpawu zahlukile kangaka.
I-Lupus enesikhumba
Olu hlobo luchaphazela kakhulu ulusu. Kukho ezinye iintlobo zale hlobo, umzekelo:
I-Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE) : Oku kubangela ukuba kuvele amabala angqukuva, amile okweengqekembe, abomvu, anamaxolo eluswini. La aqheleke kakhulu kwiindawo ezivezwe lilanga ezifana nobuso, iindlebe, kunye nentloko yentloko. Ukuba kuvela amabala entloko entloko, kunokubangela ukulahleka kweenwele kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kube namanxeba.
I-Subacute Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus (SCLE) : Oku kunokubangela izilonda ezibomvu, ezijikelezileyo, okanye ezi-papulosquamous. Ezi zikwavela rhoqo kwiindawo ezivezwe lilanga. Nangona kunjalo, azinakwenzeka ukuba zibangele amanxeba kune-DLE.
I-Lupus Erythematosus ebangelwa ngamayeza (DILE)
Eli libali elahlukileyo. Amanye amayeza (umzekelo, amanye amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isifo sentliziyo, kunye nesifo sokuwa) anokubangela iimpawu ze-lupus njengempendulo yokusetyenziswa ixesha elide. Kodwa into ebalulekileyo kukuba ezi mpawu zihlala ziphela kwiinyanga ezimbalwa emva kokuyeka amayeza. Kwaye akunakwenzeka ukuba abangele umonakalo omkhulu, njengomonakalo wezintso.
Zithini izizathu ze-lupus?
Kunzima ukukhomba unobangela omnye kuphela we-lupus. Idla ngokubangelwa zizinto ezahlukeneyo. Makhe sijonge izinto eziphambili ezinokubangela oku:
Ukuthambekela kwimfuza : Ukuba abanye abantu bane-lupus okanye ezinye izifo ezichaphazela amasosha omzimba kwiintsapho zabo, banokuba nethuba elithile lokukhula kwesi sifo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ii-genes zinefuthe elithile kuso. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ne-genes zodwa akusibangeli esi sifo, nezinye izinto kufuneka zidlale indima.
Izinto ezibangela indaloNgamanye amaxesha esi sifo sinokubangelwa zizinto ezikwindawo engaphandle.
Izifo : Kufunyenwe ukuba iimpawu ze-lupus zinokuvela emva kwezinto ezithile, ezinje ngezifo ezibangelwa yintsholongwane.
Amayeza athile : Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, i-lupus inokwenzeka ngenxa yempendulo kumayeza athile.
Ukukhanya kwelanga (imitha ye-UV) : Ukuvezwa kwimitha ye-ultraviolet kunokubangela ukuba i-lupus idubule okanye ikhule kwabanye abantu.
Uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo lomzimba okanye lweemvakalelo : Iimpawu ngamanye amaxesha zinokuvela emva kweziganeko ezixinzelelekileyo kakhulu, njengengozi enkulu, utyando, okanye ukufa komntu omthandayo.
IiHormone : Ngenxa yokuba i-lupus ixhaphake kakhulu kubasetyhini, izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba i- estrogen yehomoni yabasetyhini inokuba nento ebangela esi sifo. Umzekelo, iimpawu zinokutshintsha ngexesha lokukhulelwa okanye ngamaxesha athile omjikelo wokuya esikhathini.
Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuze umntu abe ne-lupus, kufuneka abe nesifo se-lupus, kwaye kufuneka kubekho into ethile ebangela ukuba ezo jini zisebenze. Oku kufana nokutsala i-trigger yompu ukuze udubule.
Ifunyanwa njani iLupus?
Ukuqaphela i-lupus ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba nzima kuba iimpawu zayo ziyahluka kumntu nomntu kwaye zinokufana nezezinye izifo. Ukuba ugqirha urhanela ukuba i-lupus inesifo, uya kwenza oku kulandelayo:
Baza kukubuza imibuzo emininzi malunga neempawu zakho : zithini iimpawu zakho, ziqale nini, ziba mandundu okanye zibe ngcono njani, njl. Basenokubuza nokuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho okhe waba nezi meko.
Uvavanyo lomzimba : Uhlola izilonda zesikhumba, amalungu avuvukileyo, imiphunga kunye nentliziyo.
Uvavanyo lwegazi : Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Uvavanyo lwegazi lujonga izinto ezifana nezi:
Ubalo lwegazi olupheleleyo (CBC) : Oku kujonga inani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, kunye neeplatelets. Abantu abane-lupus banokuba ne-anemia, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezisezantsi, kunye neeplatelets ezisezantsi.
Uvavanyo lwe-Antinuclear Antibody (ANA) : Olu lolona vavanyo luphambili olwenziwa xa kurhanelwa ukuba i-lupus iyasebenza. I-ANA luhlobo lwe-antibody eveliswa nxamnye ne-nucleus yeeseli zomzimba wethu. Uninzi lwabantu abane-lupus banovavanyo lwe-ANA oluqinisekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ayingabo bonke abantu abane-ANA abane-lupus. I-ANA inokuba ne-HIV nakwezinye iimeko zonyango nakubantu abaphilileyo.
Ezinye ii-autoantibodies ezithile: Ukuba i-ANA ilungile, sikwakhangela ii-antibodies ezikhethekileyo kwi-lupus, ezifana ne-anti-dsDNA kunye ne-anti-Sm. Ukuba ezi zilungile, ziluncedo kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni i-lupus.
I-ESR (Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate) kunye ne-CRP (C-Reactive Protein) : Olu vavanyo lunokujonga ukudumba emzimbeni. Oku kunokunyuka ngexesha lokwanda kwe-lupus.
Uvavanyo lomchamo : Uvavanyo lomchamo lwenziwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba izintso zichaphazelekile na. Lujonga iproteni kunye negazi kumchamo.
Ngamanye amaxesha kunokwenziwa isampuli yezicubu (i-biopsy) : Ukuba kukho isilonda sesikhumba, iqhekeza elincinci laso (i-skin biopsy) lingathathwa lize lihlolwe phantsi kwe-microscope ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho naluphi na utshintsho olunxulumene ne-lupus. Kwakhona, ukuba kukho ukurhaneleka kokuba izintso zichaphazelekile, iqhekeza elincinci lentso lingathathwa lize lihlolwe (i-kidney biopsy).
Ukuchonga isifo se-lupus kufana nokusombulula iphazili. Ugqirha wakho uza kudibanisa iimpawu zakho, iziphumo zovavanyo, kunye nolunye ulwazi ukuze afumane uxilongo oluchanekileyo. Ke ngoko, kunzima ukwenza uxilongo oluchanekileyo ngokusekelwe kuvavanyo olunye.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lweLupus?
Okwangoku akukho nyango lwe-lupus. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, kukho unyango oluninzi olusebenzayo olufumanekayo ukunceda ukulawula iimpawu, ukunciphisa ukudumba kwamalungu omzimba, kunye nokunciphisa umonakalo wamalungu omzimba. Unyango lusekelwe kumalungu omzimba achaphazelekileyo kunye nokuba iimpawu zakho zinzima kangakanani . Umntu one-lupus uhlala efuna uncedo lweqela loogqirha.
Uncedo oluvela koogqirha abaziingcali
Ngenxa yokuba i-lupus inokuchaphazela iindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba, ingadinga uncedo lweengcali ezininzi. Umzekelo:
Ingcali yeRheumatology : Ugqirha ogxile kwizifo zamalungu, izihlunu, kunye nezicubu ezidityanisiweyo. Ingcali yerheumatology idlala indima ebalulekileyo kunyango lwe-lupus.
Ingcali yezifo zezintso : Ugqirha ogxile kwizifo zezintso. Ukuba izintso zichaphazeleka yi-lupus, uncedo lwalo gqirha lubalulekile.
Ingcali yolusu : Inyanga iingxaki zolusu ezifana neziphene kunye namanxeba.
Ingcali yentliziyo : Ukuba kukho naziphi na iziphumo entliziyweni.
Ingcali yeMiphunga : Ukuba kukho iziphumo kwimiphunga.
Ingcali yezifo zengqondo : Ukuba kukho impembelelo engqondweni okanye kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo.
Ingcali yezengqondo okanye iNgcali yezengqondo : Ukukunceda ujongane noxinzelelo kunye nosizi oluhambisana nokuphila nesifo esihlala ixesha elide njenge-lupus.
Iintlobo zamayeza asetyenzisiweyo
Amayeza ahlukeneyo asetyenziswa ukulawula iimpawu ze-lupus nokuthintela ukuba esi sifo singabi mandundu.
Amayeza okulwa nokuvuvukala :
Amayeza Angalwiyo Nee-steroidal Alwa Nokuvuvukala (ii-NSAID) : Umzekelo, amayeza afana ne-ibuprofen kunye ne-naproxen. La mayeza anikwa izinto ezifana neentlungu zamalungu, iintlungu zemisipha, kunye nomkhuhlane. Nangona kunjalo, la mayeza kufuneka athathwe kuphela phantsi kwengcebiso kagqirha, njengoko abanye abantu banokuba neengxaki zesisu kunye neengxaki zezintso.
Amayeza okulwa nemalariya : I-Hydroxychloroquine yeyona iyeza lisetyenziswa kakhulu. Nangona iliyeza lemalariya, linceda kakhulu ekunciphiseni ukurhawuzelela kolusu, iintlungu zamalungu, kunye nokudinwa kwi-lupus. Ikwanciphisa ubukhali besifo.
IiCorticosteroids : Amayeza afana ne-prednisolone. La mayeza anceda ekunciphiseni ukudumba kunye nokusebenza kwenkqubo yomzimba ngokukhawuleza. La mayeza asetyenziswa xa isifo sinzima kwaye xa umonakalo wamalungu omzimba usongela ubomi. Nangona kunjalo, kuba la mayeza anokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga (ukwanda kobunzima, isifo seswekile, ukubhitya kwamathambo, kunye nokwanda kokusuleleka) xa esetyenziswa ixesha elide, oogqirha bazama ukuwanika idosi ephantsi kangangoko kunokwenzeka ngexesha elifutshane kangangoko.
Amayeza okuthintela amasosha omzimba : Amayeza afana ne-Azathioprine, i-Mycophenolate, i-Cyclophosphamide, kunye ne-Methotrexate. La mayeza asebenza ngokunciphisa ukusebenza kwenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela kwaye ayithintele ekuhlaseleni umzimba wayo. La mayeza asetyenziswa xa kukho umonakalo omkhulu kumalungu omzimba, ingakumbi izintso. Kufuneka uhlale uphantsi kweliso likagqirha ngelixa usebenzisa la mayeza, njengoko umngcipheko wokufumana usulelo usanda.
I-Biologics : Amayeza amatsha, anjengeBelimumab kunye neRituximab, ngoku ayafumaneka. La mayeza ajolise kwiindawo ezithile zenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela kwaye anokuba luncedo ngakumbi kwabanye abantu.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthatha amayeza owanikwe ngugqirha wakho njengoko eyalelwe, ngexesha elimiselweyo, nangexesha elimiselweyo. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba loluphi unyango olufanelekileyo kuwe kunye nexesha omele ulithathe. Ungaze uyeke ukuthatha amayeza akho okanye utshintshe umthamo ngokwakho.
Yintoni enye ekufuneka uyazi malunga nokuphila ne-lupus?
Ekubeni i-lupus sisifo esihlala ixesha elide, kubalulekile ukufunda ukuphila naso. Ukongeza kumayeza, kukho utshintsho olulula onokulwenza kwindlela yakho yokuphila olunokunceda ukulawula iimpawu kunye nokuthintela ukudumba.
Zikhusele elangeni.: Abantu abaninzi abane-lupus bayayiva imitha yelanga. Ngoko ke kuphephe ukuphuma elangeni phakathi kwentsimbi ye-10 kusasa ne-4 emva kwemini kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ukuba uyaphuma, sebenzisa i-sunscreen ene-SPF engama-30 nangaphezulu. Nxiba impahla enemikhono emide, umnqwazi, kunye neeglasi zelanga.
Phumla ngokwaneleyo : Ukudinwa luphawu oluphambili lwe-lupus. Ngoko zama ukulala ubuncinane iiyure ezisi-8 ngosuku. Kulungile nokuphumla emini. Musa ukusebenza kakhulu emzimbeni wakho.
Yitya ukutya okunempilo : Kubaluleke kakhulu ukutya ukutya okunesondlo. Faka imifuno, iziqhamo, iimbotyi, ukutya okutyebileyo kwifayibha, kunye neeproteni ezingenamafutha amaninzi (intlanzi, inkukhu) ekutyeni kwakho. Nciphisa ukutya okucutshungulweyo, ukutya okuneswekile eninzi, kunye nokutya okunamafutha amaninzi.
Ukuzilolonga : Musa ukuhlala nje kwindawo enye kuba udiniwe. Ukuzilolonga okuthambileyo njengokuhamba, ukudada, kunye neyoga kunokunceda ukunciphisa ukuqina kwamalungu, ukuqinisa izihlunu, ukunciphisa ukudinwa, kunye nokuphucula impilo yengqondo. Kodwa kungcono ukubuza ugqirha wakho malunga nokuba zeziphi izilolonga ezifanelekileyo kuwe.
Ulawulo loxinzelelo : Uxinzelelo lunokwenza iimpawu ze-lupus zibe mandundu. Ngoko zama ukunciphisa uxinzelelo ngezinto ezifana nokucamngca, i-yoga, ukuzilolonga ngokuphefumla nzulu, kunye nokwenza into oyithandayo.
Kuphephe ukutshaya : Ukutshaya kunokwenza i-lupus ibe mandundu kwaye konyuse umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo. Ngoko ke ukuba uyatshaya, fumana uncedo lokuyeka.
Yiya rhoqo kugqirha wakho: Yiya kugqirha wakho ngexesha elicwangcisiweyo. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze ubone ukuba amayeza asebenza kakuhle na, ukuba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, kwaye ukuba isifo silawulwa.
Qaphela iimpawu zokudumba kwemisipha : Zama ukuqonda ukuba zeziphi iimpawu onazo ngaphambi kokuba udumba kwemisipha (umz., ukudinwa okukhulu, iintlungu ezintsha zamalungu, ukurhawuzelela kolusu). Ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho kwangoko nje ukuba uqaphela ezi mpawu, ungaqala unyango kwangethuba kwaye uthintele ukuba isifo singabi mandundu.
Yazisa ngemfundo okanye indawo osebenza kuyo : Ukuba ungumfundi, xelela ootitshala bakho kunye nabasebenzi besikolo ngemeko yakho. Emva koko ungafumana inkxaso oyifunayo. Ukuba uqeshiwe, yazisa indawo osebenza kuyo ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Ukuphila ne-lupus kunokuba nzima, kodwa awuwedwa. Fumana inkxaso kwiqela lakho lezonyango, usapho, kunye nabahlobo. Yiba nolwazi olupheleleyo ngesi sifo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
Kulungile, ngoko ke ndiyathemba ukuba unembono entle malunga neLupus kwizinto esizithethileyo. Okokugqibela, nazi izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule:
I-Lupus sisifo esihlala ixesha elide apho amajoni ethu omzimba ahlasela imizimba yethu. Ingachaphazela amalungu amaninzi omzimba.
Iimpawu ziyahluka kumntu nomntu. Ukurhawuzelela kolusu, iintlungu zamalungu, ukudinwa kakhulu, kunye nomkhuhlane zezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo.
Iingcebiso zonyango kunye novavanyo zibalulekile ukuze ufumane uxilongo oluchanekileyo. Musa ukuzama ukufumanisa isifo ngokwakho.
Nangona i-lupus ingenakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo, ngoku kukho unyango olusebenzayo kakhulu lokulawula iimpawu kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa amayeza achazwe ngugqirha ngokuchanekileyo kwaye wenze uvavanyo oluchazwe ngugqirha.
Utshintsho olulula kwindlela yokuphila (ukukhusela ilanga, ukutya okunempilo, ukuzilolonga, ukulawula uxinzelelo) lunokunceda kakhulu ekulawuleni esi sifo.
Awuwedwa. Kukho oogqirha, abahlengikazi, abacebisi, kunye nabantu obathandayo abanokukunceda ujongane ne-lupus.
Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuphila ngempumelelo ne-lupus kukwazi ngayo, ukuthetha ngayo ngokukhululekileyo, kwaye ufumane inkxaso oyifunayo. Ukuba uneengxaki, ungoyiki ukuthetha nogqirha.
I-Lupus, i-SLE, ukuzikhusela komzimba, iimpawu, unyango, iSri Lanka, ukuzikhusela komzimba, iintlungu zamalungu, izifo zolusu
⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.
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