Ngaba wakha waba nentloko ebuhlungu evakalelwa kukuba intloko yakho iza kuqhuma, ebuhlungu kwicala elinye kuphela? Ngaba uvakalelwa kukuba ufuna ukuhlanza, awukwazi ukujonga ukukhanya, uze ucaphuke xa usiva isandi? Le yinto esiyibiza ngokuba yi-migraine. Le asiyontloko iqhelekileyo nje. Le yimeko enxulumene nengqondo. Kwabanye abantu, le ntlungu ayinyamezeleki. Into abanokuyenza kukuhlala kwigumbi elimnyama, elithuleyo baze balinde ukuba intlungu iphele. Ngoko ke ukuba nawe unengxaki yoku, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba wazi ngohlobo lonyango olubizwa ngokuba yi-'Triptans'.
Zithini iiTriptans?
Ngamafutshane, i-`Triptans` luhlobo oluthile lwamayeza olunikwa ukunyanga iintloko ezibuhlungu. Olu lunyango lokuqala lwentloko ezibuhlungu. La mayeza awanakukuthintela ukuba iintloko ezibuhlungu zingabikho (ngaphandle kweemeko ezimbalwa ezikhethekileyo), kodwa angaziyeka xa sele zikho.
La mayeza, abizwa ngokuba yi-'Triptans', afunyanwa ngeminyaka yoo-1980 kwaye atshintsha indlela yokunyanga iintloko ezibuhlungu. I-'Sumatriptan' yayiliyeza lokuqala elavunywayo ngenxa yale njongo. Amanye amayeza amaninzi e-'Triptan' aqaliswa kamva.
I-Migraine ayisiyongxaki nje yentloko, yimeko embi kakhulu enokuphazamisa usuku lwakho. Kodwa iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba amayeza asebenzayo afana ne-'Triptans' ayafumaneka namhlanje.
Zisebenza njani ii-triptan?
Ukuze siqonde oku, kufuneka siqale sijonge indlela esiziva ngayo iintlungu. Imithambo-luvo emzimbeni wethu ayiziva ngqo iintlungu. Endaweni yoko, ithumela imiqondiso engqondweni yethu yokuba kukho into ethile emzimbeni, njengokwenzakala okanye usulelo. Ingqondo iguqulela ezo mpawu kwinto esiyibiza ngokuba "yintlungu."
Izazinzulu azikaqiniseki ngokupheleleyo ukuba i-migraines yenzeka njani, kodwa zikholelwa ukuba zizinto ezintathu eziphambili ezibangela oku:
1. Ukusebenza kwe-neuron: Ngexesha le-migraine, ezinye iiseli zemithambo-luvo (ii-neurons) engqondweni ziyasebenza ngendlela engafanelekanga. Le yimbangela yentlungu nezinye iimpawu.
2. Ukujikeleza kwegazi kuyatshintsha: Xa kuvela i-migraine, imithambo yegazi engqondweni iyancitshiswa ize ivuleke, nto leyo etshintsha ukuhamba kwegazi.
3. Ukudumba: Iikhemikhali ezithile zokudumba engqondweni nazo zikholelwa ukuba zibangela iintloko ezibuhlungu.
Ngoku masibone ukuba 'iiTriptans' zichaphazela njani ezi nkqubo. Ingqondo yethu ine-'Neurotransmitter' ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Serotonin', isithunywa sekhemikhali esithwala imiyalezo phakathi kwemithambo-luvo. Amayeza i-'Triptans' asebenza ngendlela efanayo nale 'Serotonin'. Abopha kwiintlobo ezintathu ezikhethekileyo ze-'receptor' engqondweni. Cinga ngezi 'receptors' njengezitshixo zesitshixo, kwaye ii-'Triptans' zifana nezitshixo ezizifanelayo.
- Ii-receptors ze-5HT1B: Ezi zilawula ububanzi bemithambo yegazi engqondweni. Ii-Triptans zivuselela ezi receptors kwaye zinceda ekunciphiseni imithambo yegazi ebanzi ngokungeyomfuneko ngexesha le-migraine.
- Ii-receptor ze-5HT1D kunye ne-5HT1F: Ezi zinciphisa umsebenzi wenkqubo yemithambo-luvo ethwala imiqondiso yentlungu ukuya engqondweni. Oko kukuthi, ziyayithintela imiqondiso yentlungu ukuba ingafiki engqondweni.
Le yindlela ii-triptan ezilawula ngayo iintlungu ze-migraine kunye nezinye iimpawu.
Ziziphi iintlobo zeetriptan ezikhoyo?
Kukho iintlobo ezisixhenxe zee-triptan ezisetyenziswayo ngoku. Zonke ezi ziyobisi ziphela ngenxalenye ethi "-triptan" yegama lazo, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuzibona. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwe-triptan olulungele wena.
| Igama leziyobisi zeTriptan | Iifomu ezifumanekayo |
|---|---|
| I-Almotriptan | Ipilisi yomlomo |
| I-Eletriptan | Ipilisi yomlomo |
| I-Frovatriptan | Ipilisi yomlomo |
| I-Naratriptan | Ipilisi yomlomo |
| I-Rizatriptan | Ipilisi yomlomo |
| I-Sumatriptan | Iipilisi, isitshizi sempumlo, inaliti engaphantsi kwesikhumba |
| I-Zolmitriptan | Iipilisi kunye ne-spray yempumlo |
Zithini iingenelo zee-triptan?
IiTriptans ziluncedo kakhulu kubantu abane-migraine ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo.
- Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zimbalwa: Xa kuthelekiswa namayeza e-migraine angaphambili, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zeTriptans zimbalwa kakhulu, kwaye azikho mbi kangako.
- Ayibangeli umlutha: Abantu banokuba ngamakhoboka eentlungu, ingakumbi ii-opioid. Nangona kunjalo, ii-triptan azibangeli umlutha.
- Ikhuselekile: Ngokubanzi, iiTriptans ludidi lwamayeza olukhuselekileyo kakhulu.
- Ifumaneka ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo: Njengoko ubona, eli yeza alifumaneki nje kuphela njengepilisi, kodwa likwafumaneka njenge-spray yempumlo kunye ne-injection. I-spray okanye i-injection ingasetyenziselwa umntu onengxaki yokuginya iipilisi okanye ohlanzayo.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye nezinto ekufuneka uzazi ngee-triptans
Njengayo nayiphi na iyeza, iiTriptans zinokubangela ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Nangona kunjalo, ayinguye wonke umntu ozifumanayo, kwaye ukuba ziyazifumana, azisoloko ziyingozi.
- Isiyezi
- Ukozela okanye ukudinwa
- Ukuhlanjwa ngamanzi
- Isicaphucaphu
- Intlungu yentamo
- Ukubila
- Ukungabi nangqondo kwamalungu
- Ukuziva ubuthathaka
- Kunqabile kakhulu, usenokuziva iintlungu zesifuba okanye ukuxinana.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuphepha ukusebenzisa amayeza rhoqo. Ukuba usebenzisa ii-triptan ezininzi kunokuba ugqirha wakho ekuxelele, zisenokungasebenzi kakuhle kwaye zibangele iintloko ezibuhlungu ngakumbi. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-medication overuse headache.
Ngubani ongafanele athathe ii-triptan?
IiTriptans azifanelekanga kubantu abaneengxaki ezithile zempilo.
- Isifo sentliziyo okanye iingxaki zenkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi: Ukuba ukhe waba nesifo sentliziyo okanye usengozini yokuba nesifo sentliziyo, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu olungalawulekiyo (uxinzelelo lwegazi olungalawulwayo), isifo sohlangothi, okanye uhlaselo lwe-ischemic oludlulayo (TIA), ugqirha wakho usenokungalucebisi olu nyango.
- Iingxaki ngamanye amayeza (Ukudibana kwamayeza):IiTriptans zinokusebenzisana namanye amayeza owasebenzisayo, ingakumbi lawo aqulethe i-ergotamine, esetyenziselwa ukunyanga iintloko ezibuhlungu. Ngoko ke qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho ngawo onke amayeza owasebenzisayo, kuquka neevithamini .**
- Oomama abakhulelweyo okanye abancancisayo: Ukuba ukhulelwe, uzama ukukhulelwa, okanye uncancisa, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uthethe nogqirha wakho malunga nokusetyenziswa kwee-triptan.
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?
Ukuba iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zee-triptans ziphazamisana nemisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla, okanye ukuba uvakalelwa kukuba amayeza akho awasebenzi kakuhle njengangaphambili, thetha nogqirha wakho.
Ufanele ufune nini unyango olungxamisekileyo:
IiTriptans azifane zibangele iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo ezifana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye isifo sohlangothi, yiya kwicandelo likaxakeka lesibhedlele (ETU) ngokukhawuleza.
- Intlungu ebuhlungu esifubeni okanye ukuqina
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga (okukhawulezayo, okucothayo)
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla
- Ukuba ndindisholo, ubuthathaka, okanye ukukhubazeka kwelinye icala lomzimba.
Abanye abantu abane-migraines banokufumana iimpawu ezifana ne-stroke. Nangona kunjalo, asinakukwazi ukufumanisa ekhaya ukuba luphawu lwe-migraine okanye i-stroke. Ke ngoko , ukuba unamathandabuzo, eyona nto ikhuselekileyo onokuyenza kukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- IiTriptans ziyindlela ephumelelayo kakhulu yokuthintela i-migraine xa sele ivele.
- Eli yeza alithinteli ukuba iintloko ezibuhlungu zingangeni, lilawula kuphela iintlungu kunye nezinye iimpawu xa sele zivele.
- Ugqirha wakho uza kugqiba uhlobo kunye nomthamo we-triptan ofanelekileyo kuwe. Ungaze usebenzise amayeza abanye abantu.
- Musa ukuthatha amayeza angaphezu kwalawo amiselwe ngugqirha wakho. Ukwenza njalo kunokubangela intloko yakho ibe mandundu.
- Ukuba uneemeko ezifana nesifo sentliziyo okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, qiniseka ukuba wazise ugqirha wakho.
- Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezinzima ezifana neentlungu zesifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumla, okanye ukulahlekelwa zingqondo kwelinye icala lomzimba, yiya kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) ngokukhawuleza.
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