Ukuba sibona isinambuzane okanye izinambuzane ezincinci zinamathele emzimbeni wethu, asizinaki kangako, akunjalo? Sizikrwela nje size siqhubeke. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, nesiganeko esincinci esifana nesi sinokuba sisiqalo sesifo esinzima. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesifo esithwalwa ziincukuthu esingathethwanga kangako ngaso. Sibizwa ngokuba yiHuman Granulocytic Anaplasmosis, okanye i-HGA ngamafutshane.

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Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Anaplasmosis?

Olu luhlobo lwentsholongwane olubangelwa yintsholongwane. Esi sifo sisasazeka yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Anaplasma phagocytophilum', eluma yintsholongwane enesifo (ingakumbi uhlobo lwentsholongwane olubizwa ngokuba yi-'Ixodes'). Le ntsholongwane inobuqhetseba kakhulu. Ingena ngqo emizimbeni yethu ize ihlasele iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezifana nokhuselo lomzimba wethu. Oku kwenza amajoni ethu omzimba abe buthathaka kwaye iimpawu ezahlukeneyo ziqale ukubonakala.

Esi sifo saqala ukufunyanwa ngeminyaka yoo-1990. Ukususela ngoko, kuye kwaxelwa amatyala avela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi, ingakumbi eMntla Melika, eYurophu, naseMpuma Asia.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa sesi sifo?

Iintakumba ezithwala esi sifo zixhaphake kakhulu kwiindawo ezinengca eninzi, amahlathi, nemithi. Ngenxa yoko, abantu abalandelayo basengozini enkulu kancinci:

Kwabo bahlala emaphandleni, ingakumbi abo bahlala kufutshane neefama kunye neefama.
Kwabo balimayo.
Kwabo basebenza emahlathini (umz. amagosa ehlathi).
Kwabo baya kuzingela.
Kwabo banyuka iintaba baze bahambe ehlathini.
Kwabo bagcina izinja njengezilwanyana zasekhaya (njengoko iintakumba ezinjeni zinokungena lula endlwini).

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba nabani na angafumana esi sifo ukuba utyelela indawo apho sikhoyo. Ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba alumke.

Zithini iimpawu? Uzibona njani?

Iimpawu zihlala zibonakala phakathi kweentsuku ezi-5 ukuya kwezili-14 emva kokulunywa yintakumba enesifo. Asinguye wonke umntu ofumana iimpawu ezifanayo. Abanye abantu banokufumana iimpawu ezingephi, ngelixa abanye banokufumana iimpawu ezinzima ezifuna ukulaliswa esibhedlele. Abantu abadala kunye nabantu abaneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka (njengabo banesifo seswekile okanye umhlaza) banamathuba amaninzi okufumana iimpawu ezinzima.

Apha ngezantsi kukho ezinye zeempawu ezibonakala rhoqo.

Uphawu	Iinkcukacha ezithe xaxe
Umkhuhlane kunye nokubanda	Olu lolona phawu lokuqala luqhelekileyo. Umkhuhlane omkhulu ngequbuliso unokubakho.
Intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu	Intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu kunentloko eqhelekileyo nenganyamezelekiyo inokubakho.
Iintlungu zomzimba kunye nentlungu yamalungu	Umzimba wam uqaqamba, ngokungathi ndinesifo somkhuhlane esibangelwa yintsholongwane.
Ukuhlanza kunye norhudo	Ezinye izigulana zinokuba nokuphazamiseka kwesisu, ukuhlanza, kunye norhudo.
Ezinye iimpawu	Iimpawu ezinje ngokukhwehlela, ukurhawuzelela kolusu, ukudideka, kunye ne-anemia (ukungabikho kwegazi) nazo azibonakali rhoqo.

Uyifumana njani le nto, Gqirha?

Xa usiya kugqirha oneempawu ezinjalo, uza kukubuza imibuzo embalwa. Ngokukodwa, uza kukubuza ukuba ngaba ubukhe waya kwindawo enamahlathi kutshanje na nokuba ubukhe wanesilwanyana esifana nentakumba esinamathele emzimbeni wakho.

Emva koko baya kukucela ukuba wenze uvavanyo lwegazi oluninzi ukuqinisekisa isifo.

Inani Elipheleleyo Legazi: Oku kunokubonisa ukwehla kweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi (iLeukopenia) kunye nokwehla kweeplatelets (iThrombocytopenia). Iienzymes zesibindi nazo zinokuphakama.
Uvavanyo olukhethekileyo: Ukuqinisekisa isifo, kwenziwa uvavanyo lwegazi olukhethekileyo olufana ne-(IFA - Indirect Immunofluorescence) kunye ne-(PCR - Polymerase Chain Reaction). Olu vavanyo lunokubona ngokuthe ngqo ii-antibodies ezinxulumene nebhaktheriya okanye iziqwenga zemfuza zebhaktheriya.
I-Blood Smear: Ithontsi legazi lingathathwa lize lihlolwe phantsi kwemakroskopu ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho iintsholongwane ezingaphakathi kwiiseli ezimhlophe zegazi.

Kubalulekile:Musa ukuzinyanga ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ngaphambi kokuba uye kugqirha. Ukwenza njalo kunokuchaphazela ukuchaneka kovavanyo lwegazi.

Ukubaluleka konyango kunye nonyango lwakwangoko

Iindaba ezimnandi ngesi sifo kukuba kukho unyango oluphumelelayo lwaso . Kodwa kukho imeko enye. Oko kukuthi, unyango kufuneka luqalwe ngokukhawuleza .

Iyeza eliphambili elinikwa oku yi-antibiotic doxycycline .
Okukhona uqala unyango kade, kokukhona isifo siya kuba nzima ngakumbi, nto leyo ebangela iingxaki ezifana ne-pneumonia, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso, mhlawumbi nokufa.
Ngoko ke, kwangoko nje ukuba ugqirha akrokre ukuba esi sifo sibangelwa ziimpawu zakho kunye nembali yakho, unokuqala unyango ngaphandle kokulinda iziphumo zovavanyo lwegazi. Leyo yeyona nto ichanekileyo nekhuselekileyo onokuyenza.

Ungazikhusela njani kwesi sifo? - Ukuthintela yeyona nto ilungileyo!

Akukho gonyo lesi sifo okwangoku. Ngoko ke eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuzigcina kude neentakumba. Cinga ngezi zinto ukuba uya ehlathini, egadini, okanye ebharini.

Kwenziwe ntoni	Kutheni kunjalo?
Nxiba impahla egqunywe ngokupheleleyo.	Nxiba iibhulukhwe ezinde, iihempe ezinemikhono emide, izihlangu, kunye neekawusi. Faka iibhulukhwe zakho kwiikawusi zakho. Oku kwenza kube nzima ukuba iintakumba zifikelele eluswini lwakho.
Nxiba iimpahla ezikhanyayo.	Ukuba intakumba emnyama ihamba phezu kwempahla ekhanyayo, kulula ukuyibona.
Sebenzisa isixovuli sezinambuzane.	Faka isixovuli esine-DEET okanye i-permethrin kwiimpahla kunye nolusu oluvezwe ngaphandle.
Zihlole emva kokuba ufikile ekhaya.	Jonga iindawo ezifana namakhwapha, imisipha, intloko, nasemva kweendlebe. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, cela umntu akujonge.
Hlola izilwanyana zasekhaya	Soloko ujonga izinja neekati ezivela ekudlaleni ngaphandle ukuze ubone ukuba azinazo na iintakumba.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

I-Anaplasmosis lusulelo lwebhaktheriya oludluliselwa ziintakumba olunokuba yingozi kakhulu ukuba alunyangwa.
Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane ophezulu, intloko ebuhlungu, kunye neentlungu zomzimba emva kokutyelela indawo enamahlathi, musa ukuyithatha lula loo nto.
Bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza. Cacisa ngokucacileyo ngesi sifo kunye neendawo oye kuzo.
Ukuba ifunyenwe kwangethuba kwaye ii-antibiotics ezifana ne- ( Doxycycline) ziqaliwe, esi sifo sinokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha amanyathelo okuzikhusela kwiintakumba kunokubandezeleka sesi sifo.