Njengabantu baseSri Lanka, xa sicinga ngezifo ezithwalwa ziingcongconi, i-dengue ifika engqondweni yethu ngoko nangoko, akunjalo? Kodwa njenge-dengue, kukho ezinye izifo emhlabeni ezidluliselwa ziingcongconi, kodwa zinokuba yingozi ngakumbi, kwaye zichaphazela ingqondo. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesifo esinye esinjalo. Igama laso yi-Western Equine Encephalitis. Nangona oku kungaqhelekanga kwilizwe lethu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela izinto ezinjalo.
Yintoni iWestern Equine Encephalitis?
Ngamafutshane, sisifo sentsholongwane esisasazeka ngokulunywa ziingcongconi. Ngokuchanekileyo, sisifo esikwiqela le-"arboviral". Oko kukuthi, sisifo sentsholongwane esisasazeka ziingcongconi ezifana neengcongconi neentakumba. Intsholongwane ebangela esi sifo ifana kakhulu nezinye iintlobo ezimbini eziyingozi zomkhuhlane wobuchopho, i-Eastern Equine Encephalitis kunye neentsholongwane ze-Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis.
Esi sifo sinokuchaphazela abantu kunye namahashe . Esi sifo sidluliselwa yingcongconi enesifo. Uhlobo lwengcongconi oluphambili olubangela oku yi-`(Culex tarsalis)`. Nangona kunjalo, uhlobo lwengcongconi `(Aedes)` kunye ne-`(Culiseta)`, ezaziwa ngokusasaza i-dengue, nazo zinokusasaza le ntsholongwane.
Umjikelo wendalo wale ntsholongwane uphakathi kweentaka neengcongconi. Oko kukuthi, ingcongconi iluma intaka enesifo, ize ilume intaka esempilweni ize isasaze esi sifo. Abantu namahashe bangabamkeli ngengozi kuphela kulo mjikelo. Oko kukuthi, asifumani isifo ngqo kwintaka. Nangona kunjalo, kunqabile kakhulu, esi sifo sinokudluliselwa kumama okhulelweyo ukuya kumntwana wakhe nge-placenta. Esi asisosifo sokuphefumla.
Ngubani osengozini enkulu?
- Ukuba uhlala kwindawo apho esi sifo sixhaphakileyo khona (ingakumbi amazwe asentshona naphakathi eMelika).
- Ukuba uhamba kwindawo enjalo.
- Ukuba uchitha ixesha elininzi ngaphandle.
Zithini iimpawu zesi sifo?
Iimpawu zihlala ziqala ukubonakala phakathi kweentsuku ezi-5 ukuya kwezili-15 emva kokulunywa yingcongconi enesifo. Iimpawu ekuqaleni zifana nezomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo.
| Iimpawu zokuqala | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ifiva | Ubushushu bomzimba obunyukileyo. |
| Intloko ebuhlungu | Intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu. |
| Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza | Ukuhlanza kunye nokuphazamiseka kwesisu. |
| Umnqweno wokutya | Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla wokutya. |
| Ukudinwa kunye nobuthathaka | Ndiziva ndidiniwe kakhulu ukuba ndingenza nantoni na. |
Uninzi lwexesha, ezi mpawu ziqhelekileyo ziyaphela kwaye isifo siyanyangeka. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha imeko inokuba mandundu ngakumbi. Khawucinge nje, bekuya kwenzeka ntoni ukuba le ntsholongwane isasazeka ngokukhawuleza egazini lethu, idlule umqobo wendalo okhusela ubuchopho (umqobo wegazi-ubuchopho) ize ingene engqondweni ngokwayo?
Kulapho ke esi sifo siba yingozi khona. Xa intsholongwane ingena ebuchotsheni, inokubangela izifo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-encephalitis , okukukudumba kwezicubu zobuchopho, kunye ne-meningitis, okukukudumba kwee-membrane ezigqume ubuchopho .
Xa inkqubo yemithambo-luvo ichaphazeleka ngolu hlobo, ezi mpawu zilandelayo zinokwenzeka:
- Isiyezi
- Ukungakwazi ukujonga ukukhanya okukhanyayo (i-photophobia)
- I-Dementia kunye nokuziphatha okuphazamisayo
- Ukulala kakhulu
- Ukulahlekelwa ngokupheleleyo yingqondo (coma)
- Ukuqina kwemisipha kunye nokuqaqamba (ukuqaqamba kwemisipha)
- Ukuxhuzula
- Iziphumo zexesha elide ezifana nokukhubazeka kokufunda
Abantwana abancinci kunye nabantu abadala ngabona basengozini enkulu yokufumana ezi ngxaki zemithambo-luvo . Izinga lokufa ngenxa yesi sifo liphakathi kwe-3% kunye ne-7%. Ukongeza, phakathi kwe-15% kunye ne-30% yabo baphola kwesi sifo banokufumana umonakalo wemithambo-luvo ixesha elide.
Isifo sichongwa kwaye sinyangwa njani?
Ukuba ukhe waya kwindawo apho esi sifo sixhaphakileyo khona kwaye ufumanisa ezi mpawu zingasentla, bona ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko . Iimpawu zesi sifo ziyafana nezinye iintlobo ze-viral meningitis, ngoko ke ukuxilongwa kunokuba nzima kancinci.
Ukuba ugqirha ukrokrela ukuba inkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo ichaphazelekile, ungalaliswa esibhedlele kwaye wenziwe uvavanyo oluninzi.
- Ukubhoboza emqolo: Ukuhlola ulwelo olusebuchotsheni nakwi-spinal cord (CSF).
- I-CT scan luvavanyo.
- I-MRI scan luvavanyo.
- Uvavanyo lwee-antibodies: Nangona ezi zinokuqinisekisa isifo ngokuqinisekileyo, iziphumo zinokuthatha iiveki ezininzi ukuba zibuye.
Akukho mayeza athile alwa nesi sifo okwangoku. Ke ngoko, unyango luyaxhasa . Oko kukuthi, oogqirha banika amayeza okulawula iimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane kunye nentlungu. Ukuba inkqubo yemithambo-luvo ichaphazeleke kakhulu, unyango kwiyunithi yokhathalelo olunzulu (ICU) lunokufuneka. Oku kuquka ukuphefumla ngomatshini, ukulawula ukuxhuzula, ukugcina amanqanaba olwelo lomzimba, kunye nokulawula iimeko eziyingozi kakhulu ezifana nokunyuka koxinzelelo lwengqondo.
Ungazikhusela njani kwesi sifo?
Kukho isitofu esilungileyo sokukhusela amahashe kwesi sifo. Nangona isitofu senzelwe abantu, asifumaneki lula ukuze sisetyenziswe eklinikhi. Sisetyenziswa kuphela kubantu abasengozini enkulu, njengabasebenzi belebhu.
Ngoko ke, eyona nto ingcono esinokuyenza kukuzikhusela kwiingcongconi kangangoko sinako . La macebiso abaluleke ngokulinganayo kuthi ukuze sizikhusele kwi-dengue.
| Indlela yokukhusela | Kwenziwe ntoni |
|---|---|
| Amaxesha angaphandle | Nciphisa ukuvezwa kwakho ngaphandle ngexesha lasekuseni nangokuhlwa (ekuseni nasekutshoneni kwelanga), xa iingcongconi zisebenza kakhulu. |
| Iimpahla | Nxiba iibhulukhwe ezinde kunye neehempe ezineemikhono emide ezigubungela kakuhle umzimba. |
| Ukukhusela indlu | Faka inethi zokuthintela iingcongconi kwiingcango nakwiifestile. |
| Xa usiya kulala | Sebenzisa inethi yokuthintela iingcongconi. Yiqinise inethi phantsi komatrasi. |
| Isixobisi seengcongconi | Faka izinto zokugxotha izinambuzane eluswini oluvezwe elubala. Ezo ziqulethe izithako ezifana ne -DEET kunye ne-picaridin zezona zisebenzayo. |
| Impahla nezixhobo | Futha i-0.5% (i-permethrin) kwiimpahla, kwiinethi zeengcongconi, nakwizixhobo zokukhempisha. Oku kuya kugxotha okanye kubulale iingcongconi. |
| Ukuthintela ukuzala kweengcongconi | Njengoko senza ukuthintela ukusasazeka kweengcongconi zedengue, gcina ikhaya lakho kunye neendawo ezikufutshane zicocekile. Khupha amanzi kwiindawo zokuqokelelwa kwamanzi (iibhafu zeentaka, iibhakethi, iimbiza zeentyatyambo, amatayara) ubuncinane kanye ngeveki. Gcina iitanki zamanzi zivaliwe kakuhle. |
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Western Equine Encephalitis sisifo esingaqhelekanga kodwa esinokuba yingozi kakhulu esidluliselwa ziingcongconi.
- Iimpawu zingaqala kumkhuhlane nje ukuya kutsho ekubeni qatha ngokwaneleyo ukuba zichaphazele ingqondo. Abantwana abancinci kunye nabantu abadala basengozini enkulu.
- Ekubeni kungekho nyango luthile loku, eyona nto ilungileyo onokuyenza kukuzikhusela kwesi sifo . Ngenxa yoko, ukuphepha iingcongconi kubalulekile.
- Ukuba ufumanisa iimpawu ezikrokrisayo, ingakumbi ukuba uye waya kwindawo apho esi sifo sixhaphake khona, bona ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza.
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