Ukuba nomntwana wakho, oko kukuthi, ukuba nomntwana onezakhi zofuzo zakho, yimvakalelo enamandla kakhulu. Ngamanye amaxesha, intlungu yokungabi namntwana ayinyamezeleki, kwaye abanye abazali bayalingeka ukuba benze nantoni na ngenxa yoko. Kodwa, loo mgca "wantoni na" uphelela phi? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesihloko esinobuzaza, nesithethwa ngabantu abaninzi. Oko kukwenziwa kwe-cloning ebantwini.
Yintoni le cloning?
Ngamafutshane, ukukloninga yinkqubo yokusebenzisa izinto zemfuza zento ephilayo ukwenza enye into ephilayo efana ngokupheleleyo naleyo nto ephilayo. Ngamanye amazwi, kufana newele lemfuza. Oku kuye kwaphumelela ngandlela ithile kwihlabathi lezilwanyana. Usenokuba ukhe weva ngoDolly igusha. Wayesisilwanyana sokuqala esanyisayo ukukloninga.
Umbuzo ngoku kukuba ingaba obu buchwephesha bungasetyenziswa na ebantwini. Ezinye izazinzulu kunye namaqela zithi oku kungaba sisisombululo kwabo banengxaki yokungabi nabantwana, ingakumbi kubazali abalahlekelwe ngumntwana. Umzekelo, kukho abazali ehlabathini abanethemba lokulinganisa intombi yabo eswelekileyo baze bayithathe. Kukwakho nabo banethemba lokwenza "ikopi encinci" yabo, benethemba lokungafi kwabo.
"Ukuba nabantwana kumnandi kakhulu. Ukudala ii-clone kungaba mnandi nangakumbi. Hayi indlela emnandi ngayo ukuba noRichard Seed omncinci ekhaya!" - Olu luluvo lukaGqr. Richard G. Seed, isazinzulu esikhuthaza ukwenziwa kwee-clone.
Kodwa eli licala elinye kuphela leengqekembe. Elinye icala linzulu kakhulu.
Kutheni oogqirha noososayensi besoyika oku? Zithini iingozi ezinkulu?
"Kuba nje sinayo le teknoloji, ngaba sifanele siyisebenzise?" Lo ngumbuzo ophambili obuzwa ngabo bachasene nokudibanisa izilwanyana. Isizathu soku ziingozi zempilo eziyingozi kakhulu ezibandakanyekayo kule nkqubo. Nokuba kudibanisa izilwanyana, izinga lempumelelo liphantsi kakhulu. Rhoqo, iimbumba ezihlanganisiweyo ziyaphunza, okanye izilwanyana zizalwa zineempazamo kunye nezifo ezahlukeneyo.
Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi iingozi eziphambili.
| Umntu osengozini | Inkcazo (Iingozi ezijongene nazo) |
|---|---|
| I-Clone |
|
| Umama Omthathayo |
"Sivavanya kwaye sikhetha kuphela iimbumba ezilungileyo" - ngaba le ngxoxo iyinyani?
Abaxhasi bokwenziwa kwe-cloning bathi iimbumba zabantu ziyahlolwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba ziimbumba eziphilileyo kuphela ezingenaziphene ezifakwa esibelekweni sikamama. Kodwa izazinzulu zithi ezi ndlela zokuvavanya azichanekanga ngokupheleleyo kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zinokulahlekisa.
"Ukuzama ukwenza amalungu okuzala abantu abe yi-clone sisenzo esingenaxanduva kwaphela. Abo bazama ukwenza njalo bakhohlisa uluntu. Kufuneka bamiswe," - UNjingalwazi weBhayoloji uRudolf Jaenisch.
Imiba yokuziphatha engaphaya kweengozi zonyango
Khawucinge ukuba obu buchwepheshe buyaphumelela. Iingxaki ebeziza kuvela bezinokuba zinkulu nangakumbi.
- Ngubani owenza i-cloning? Le yinkqubo ebiza kakhulu. Ngaba oko kuthetha ukuba ngabo banemali kuphela abafumana eli thuba? Kwenzeka ntoni kuluntu lonke?
- Ubume be-clone:Ngaba umntwana uza kuzalwa eliwele lomnikeli we-DNA? Okanye umntwana? Ngaba lo mntwana uza kuziva engumntu, engumntu okhethekileyo, njengowakhe? Okanye uza kubandezeleka ngokwengqondo ngenxa yokuziva engumntu ofana nomnye umntu?
- Ubudlelwane bentlalo nosapho: Uwuchaza njani umthi wosapho lwalo mntwana? Kwenzeka ntoni kwiingcamango zootatomkhulu noomakhulu, umama notata?
- Imilinganiselo yoLuntu: Oku kuphakamisa imibuzo enzulu malunga nentsingiselo yokudalwa komntu nokuba ngumzali. Oku kuyichaphazela njani intlalo yethu, inkcubeko, kunye neenkolelo zonqulo?
Iingcali zithi nangona umntu enamalungelo akhe okuzala, elo lungelo alinakubekwa ngaphezu kwexabiso loluntu lonke. Kuba ukuklonyelwa kwe-cloning akuchaphazeli abazali kuphela, kodwa nomntwana ongekazalwa, uluntu lonke, kunye nezizukulwana ezizayo.
Ngoko ke, kuza kwenzeka ntoni kwixesha elizayo?
Amazwe amaninzi kwihlabathi liphela, kuquka ne-United States, athathe amanyathelo okuthintela ukwenziwa kwe-cloning ngabantu ngokomthetho. Imibutho emikhulu yonqulo, imibutho yezonyango, kunye noorhulumente bayakuchasa kakhulu oku.
Kodwa, nangona kukho yonke le nkcaso, kuthiwa amanye amaqela alandela olu phando ngasese. Oko kuthetha ukuba ithuba lokuba ngenye imini, nokuba kukuhle okanye kubi, umntu wokuqala emhlabeni awulahli ngokupheleleyo. Xa oko kusenzeka, sonke kuya kufuneka sijongane nemiphumo.
Xa usenza izigqibo malunga nemiba enzima kangaka yobugcisa, kubalulekile ukucinga ngengqiqo kunokuba ucinge ngokweemvakalelo. Nangona intlungu yokungabi nabantwana inzima, sonke kufuneka siqwalasele ubulumko bokukhetha indlela ethwele iingozi ezinkulu kunye nemiba yokuziphatha. Ukuba unemibuzo engaphezulu ngale miba, kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha wakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukuklonisa akulula: bubuchwepheshe obuntsonkothileyo kakhulu, obusekelwe kuphando, kwaye asilonyango olufikeleleka lula kwabo bangenakufumana bantwana.
- Iingozi zempilo ziphezulu kakhulu: Umntwana okhuliswe nge-clone unokujongana neziphene ezinkulu zemfuza, iingxaki zempilo, kwanokufa ngaphambi kwexesha. Umama othwele umntwana naye ujongene neengozi ezinkulu zomzimba.
- Amathuba okuphumelela aphantsi kakhulu: nokuba kukwenziwa kwe-animal cloning, izinga lokungaphumeleli lingaphezulu kwama-95%.
- Imiba emininzi yokuziphatha: Ukudibanisa iiseli kudala imibuzo enzulu malunga nexabiso lobomi bomntu, ubuwena, kunye nesiseko sosapho.
- Funa ingcebiso kagqirha: Endaweni yokuqwalasela iindlela ezinobungozi ezifana nokufaka i-cloning kwiingxaki zokuzala, kubalulekile ukubonisana nogqirha wakho ukuze ufumane unyango oluvunyiweyo nolukhuselekileyo.
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