Yintoni iYellow Fever? Singathetha ngayo ngokulula?

Ngaba wakha weva ngeYellow Fever? Kubalulekile ukwazi ngayo ukuba uceba ukuya eAfrika okanye eMzantsi Melika. Sisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane esisasazwa ziingcongconi kwaye sinokuba yingozi ngamanye amaxesha. Makhe sijonge ezinye zeenkcukacha.

Yintoni iYellow Fever?

Ngamafutshane, i-yellow fever sisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane. Sisasazeka ngokulunywa luhlobo oluthile lwengcongconi. Ezi ngcongconi, kunye ne-yellow fever, zixhaphake kakhulu kwiindawo zaseAfrika naseMzantsi Melika, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezishushu nezishushu. Khawucinge ngengcongconi eluma isilwanyana esinjengenkawu esinale ntsholongwane, kwaye xa loo ngcongconi isiza isilume, sifumana esi sifo.

Intsholongwane yeYellow Fever inokubangela iimpawu ezahlukeneyo xa ifunyanwa. Abanye abantu basenokungabi nazo kwaphela iimpawu. Abanye banokufumana isifo esifana nomkhuhlane esincinci esineentlungu zomzimba kunye nomkhuhlane. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezinzima, sinokubulala. Ungaqala ngomkhuhlane kunye neentlungu zomzimba, uze ufumane ukopha kunye neengxaki zesibindi. Iimpawu zihlala zithatha iintsuku ezintathu ukuya kwezintandathu ukuba zibonakale.

Ngubani ochaphazeleka kakhulu yi-yellow fever?

I-yellow fever ichaphazela kakhulu abantu abasebenza kwaye bahlala kwiindawo ezinemvula ezishushu nezifudumeleyo eAfrika naseMzantsi Melika. Khawucinge nje, ukuba uhamba ukusuka eSri Lanka ukuya kwilizwe elinjalo, nawe ungafumana esi sifo ngokulunywa ziingcongconi ezithwele le ntsholongwane apho.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le sifo?

Kuqikelelwa ukuba malunga nabantu abangama-200,000 kwihlabathi liphela bafumana umkhuhlane otyheli minyaka le. Oku kubangela ukufa kwabantu abamalunga nama-30,000 minyaka le. Malunga nama-90% ezi meko nokufa kuxelwa eAfrika. Oku kuthetha ukuba esi ayisosifo esimele sithathwe lula.

Zithini iimpawu zomkhuhlane otyheli?

Njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, kunokwenzeka ukuba umntu abe nomkhuhlane otyheli ngaphandle kweempawu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iimpawu ziyabonakala, zinokuba buthathaka okanye zibe nzima kakhulu.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo, ezingabalulekanga kangako

Ezi ziimpawu ezinokubonakala kuqala:

• Ifiva.
• Intloko ebuhlungu.
• Intlungu yomzimba.
• Ukuziva udiniwe kwaye udiniwe (ukudinwa).
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza.

Iimpawu ezinokuba nzima

Kodwa kwabanye abantu, le meko inokuba mandundu ngakumbi, kwaye iimpawu ezinje ngezi zinokuvela:

• Umkhuhlane ophezulu kakhulu.
• I-Jaundice - Oku kuthetha ukuba ulusu lwakho kunye namehlo amhlophe ajika abe tyheli. Yiyo loo nto ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-'yellow fever'.
• Ukopha igazi - Oku kuthetha ukopha ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle komzimba. Kungabangelwa kukopha kweentsini, ukopha empumlweni, okanye ukopha igazi ngelixa uhlanza.
• Umothuko.
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwesibindi.
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso.
• Ngelishwa, nokufa kunokwenzeka.

Kubalulekile: Phakathi kwama-30% nama-60% abantu abafumana umkhuhlane omthubi onzima banokufa, nto leyo eyenza oku kube yimeko eyingozi kakhulu.

Yintoni kanye kanye ebangela umkhuhlane otyheli?

Eyona nto ibangela umkhuhlane otyheli yintsholongwane. Le ntsholongwane isasazeka luhlobo oluthile lwengcongconi endikhankanyileyo ngaphambili.

Idluliselwa njani kanye kanye i-yellow fever?

I-Yellow fever idluliselwa ziintlobo ezikhethekileyo zeengcongconi ezifumaneka kwiindawo ezishushu nezishushu zaseAfrika (e-sub-Saharan Africa) naseMzantsi Melika. Ezi ngcongconi zibizwa ngokuba yi-Aedes kunye ne-Haemagogus . Ezi ngcongconi zinokosulela umntu onentsholongwane ye-yellow fever (umntu okanye isilwanyana esifana nenkawu) zize zilume umntu ophilileyo.

Ingaba i-yellow fever idluliselwa ngqo ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye?

Hayi. Nokuba une-yellow fever, awunakuyisasaza ngqo komnye umntu. Umzekelo, ayinakusasazwa ngokukhohlela okanye ngokumanga. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ingcongconi ikuluma ngelixa ugula ize ilume omnye umntu, loo mntu unokufumana esi sifo. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuhlala ukhuselekile kwiingcongconi nokuba uyagula.

Ungazi njani ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba une-yellow fever?

Ukuba ukhe waya kwindawo ene-yellow fever kwaye uneempawu, ezinje ngomkhuhlane kunye neentlungu zomzimba, kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngokukhawuleza. Ukongeza ekubuzeni ngeempawu zakho kunye nokuba ubuphi, ugqirha wakho uya kuyalela uvavanyo lwegazi ukujonga intsholongwane egazini lakho. Le yindlela onokuqinisekisa ngayo ukuba unesifo okanye akunjalo.

Ngaba kukho unyango oluthile lomkhuhlane otyheli?

Ngelishwa, akukho nyango okanye unyango oluthile lwe-yellow fever. Yiyo loo nto ukugonywa kunye nokuhlala kude neengcongconi kubaluleke kangaka.

Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba uphumle ngokwaneleyo kwaye usele amanzi amaninzi, nto leyo eya kukunceda uzive ungcono. Ukuba kufuneka usele iintlungu, baza kukuxelela ukuba ungasebenzisi i-aspirin okanye amayeza angengo-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs), anokubangela ukopha, ngenxa yomngcipheko wokopha ngenxa yomkhuhlane otyheli.

Ukuba unesifo senyongo esibi kakhulu, kuya kufuneka ulaliswe esibhedlele. Apho, unyango lusekelwe kwiimpawu, umzekelo, ukunciphisa impembelelo kwisibindi kunye nezintso, kunye nokulawula amanqanaba olwelo emzimbeni.

Ngoko ke, ungayiphepha njani i-yellow fever?

Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzikhusela kwi-yellow fever kukufumana i-yellow fever vaccine ethile.

• Ukuba usiya kwindawo eyaziwa ngokuba ne-yellow fever, kufuneka ufumane olu gonyo kwiiveki ezintathu ukuya kwezine ngaphambi kohambo lwakho . Kubantu abaninzi, idosi enye yogonyo inika ukhuseleko lobomi bonke.

Kukho ezinye izinto ezimbalwa onokuzenza ukuze uphephe iingcongconi:

• Sebenzisa isixovuli seengcongconi esine-DEET . Kukho ezo zikhuhla eluswini okanye zitshizwe empahleni.
• Nxiba iibhulukhwe ezinde, iihempe ezinemikhono emide, kunye neekawusi. Kungcono ukunxiba iimpahla ezinyangiweyo ukugxotha iingcongconi ukuba kunokwenzeka.
• Ukuba indawo ohlala kuyo ayinazo izikrini kwiifestile okanye kwi-AC, sebenzisa inethi yokuthintela iingcongconi xa ulele.
• Kuphephe ukuphuma ngexesha lexesha leengcongconi ezikhula ngokukhawuleza. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukusuka ngokuhlwa ukuya ekuzeni kokusa. Nangona kunjalo, uhlobo lwengcongconi edlulisela i-yellow fever lunokuluma nasemini, ngoko ke kungcono ukuba uqaphele.
• Ukuba kuqinisekisiwe ukuba une-yellow fever, qhubeka uzifihla. Kuba ukuba ingcongconi ikulumile kwaye ingcongconi iluma omnye umntu, loo mntu usenokuba nosulelo, akunjalo?

Luhlobo luni lwemeko umntu onomkhuhlane otyheli anokulindela?

Ukuba unesifo esincinci se-yellow fever, iimpawu zakho zihlala ziphela emva kweveki. Kodwa ungaziva udiniwe kwaye ubuthathaka kangangeveki. Wakuba uphilile ngokupheleleyo, uya kuba nomzimba okhuselekileyo kwi-yellow fever ubomi bakho bonke. Oku kuthetha ukuba awuyi kuphinda ufumane i-yellow fever.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha malunga nomkhuhlane otyheli?

Ukuba ukhe waya eAfrika okanye eMzantsi Melika kwaye uneempawu ezifana nomkhuhlane okanye iintlungu zomzimba, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha.

Kwakhona, ukuba sele kuqinisekisiwe ukuba une-yellow fever, kulungile ukwazisa ugqirha wakho ukuba iimpawu zakho zintsha okanye ukuba ziya zisiba mandundu.

Ingaba i-yellow fever kunye ne-malaria zisifo esifanayo?

Hayi, i-yellow fever kunye ne-malaria zizifo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo. Kodwa zifana kancinci:

• Zombini zisasazwa ziingcongconi.
• Zombini zibangela umkhuhlane kunye neempawu ezifana nomkhuhlane.
• Zombini zinokubangela isifo senyongo, ukugula kakhulu, kwanokufa.

Kodwa kukwakho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwezi zimbini:

• I-Malaria ibangelwa yiparasite , kodwa i-yellow fever ibangelwa yintsholongwane.
• Iintlobo zeengcongconi ezisasaza imalariya zahlukile kwiintlobo zeengcongconi ezisasaza i-yellow fever.
• Kukho isitofu sokuthintela umkhuhlane otyheli, kodwa akukabikho sitofu sokuthintela imalariya. Ukuba usiya kwindawo apho imalariya ixhaphake khona, kufuneka uthethe nogqirha wakho malunga namayeza okuthintela.

Kudala kangakanani ubhubhane we-yellow fever uqhubeka eMelika?

I-yellow fever ibisoloko ixhaphakile eMelika ukusukela ngeminyaka yoo-1600. Enye yezona zifo zimbi kakhulu zenzeka ePhiladelphia ngo-1793, xa malunga ne-10% yabemi besixeko babulawa yi-yellow fever. Kubekho nezinye izifo, kodwa ubhubhane wokugqibela we-yellow fever eMelika wenzeka eNew Orleans ngo-1905.

Oku kusinceda siqonde ukuba esi sifo sinokuba yingozi kangakanani, nokuba sijonga imbali.

Kutheni esi sifo sibizwa ngokuba yi "yellow fever"?

Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-'yellow fever' kuba xa esi sifo sisenzeka, abanye abantu baba ne-jaundice. Emva koko ulusu luba tyheli. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba esi sifo sikwabangela umkhuhlane, ezi zimbini zidibene zaza zakha igama elithi 'Yellow Fever'. Kulula, akunjalo?

Ngaba i-yellow fever isakho nanamhlanje emhlabeni?

Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo. Le ntsholongwane isasebenza kwiindawo ezithile zaseAfrika naseMzantsi Melika. Akuzange kubekho ubhubhane omkhulu eMelika ukusukela ngo-1905. Kodwa ukuba abantu abafana nathi eSri Lanka baya kula mazwe, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukwazi oku kwaye uthathe amanyathelo okhuseleko.

Okokugqibela, ezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule

I-Yellow Fever sisifo esisasazeka ziingcongconi kwaye sifumaneka kwiindawo ezithile zaseAfrika naseMzantsi Melika. Ngamanye amaxesha sinokubulala. Eyona nto ilungileyo kukuba sinokuthintelwa ngokupheleleyo ngokufumana ugonyo lwe-Yellow Fever.

Khumbula:

• Ukuba uya kwilizwe elinje, gonyelwa ngaphambi kokuba uhambe.
• Sebenzisa isixovuli seengcongconi kwaye unxibe impahla egquma umzimba kakuhle.
• Iinkqubo zokulawula iingcongconi ziyaqaliswa kwezinye iindawo.
• Ukuba uneempawu ezifana nomkhuhlane kunye neentlungu zomzimba, ingakumbi emva kokuhamba uye kwindawo enomkhuhlane otyheli, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.

I-yellow fever ayisosifo sakudala, ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba sonke siyiqaphele.

Umkhuhlane Omthubi , Iingcongconi, Intsholongwane, Isitofu, iAfrika, uMzantsi Melika, Isifo seNhlungu yemiphunga, Iimpawu, Uthintelo