Kule mihla, sonke sinefowuni ephathwayo ezandleni zethu, akunjalo? Ayikokufowuna nje kuphela, ukuthumela umyalezo, kodwa ibe yinxalenye yobomi bethu ukususela xa sivuka kusasa de siye kulala ebusuku. Kodwa ngaba wakha waziva ngathi intloko yakho iyatshisa xa uthetha ngefowuni ixesha elide, okanye xa udlala umdlalo? Emva koko uyoyika kancinci, "Owu, ngaba izinto ezivela kule fowuni ziya kutsho entlokweni yakho zize zibangele umhlaza wobuchopho?" Le yingxaki enkulu kunye noloyiko abantu abaninzi abanalo. Ke namhlanje, masithethe malunga nokuba olu loyiko luyinyani okanye luyintsomi nje.
Kutheni abantu besoyika kangaka? Eli bali liqale njani?
Ngamafutshane, esona sizathu soloyiko ngamaza erediyo akhutshwa ziifowuni zethu eziphathwayo. Olu luhlobo lwemitha engabonakaliyo emehlweni. Xa sisiva igama elithi "imitha," sicinga ngezinto eziyingozi ezifana nee-X-reyi kunye neebhombu zeathomu. Ngoko ke kungokwemvelo ukuba abantu boyike xa besiva ukuba imitha ivela kwiifowuni zabo.
Kwiminyaka elishumi eyadlulayo, ngo-2013, kwakukho umbutho obizwa ngokuba yi-International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), onxulumene ne-World Health Organisation (WHO). Bathi amaza erediyo akhutshwa ziifowuni eziphathwayo awela kudidi "olunokubangela umhlaza".
Kuthetha ukuthini ukuthi "kusenokwenzeka ukuba inokubangela umhlaza"?
Oku akuthethi ukuba "oku ngokuqinisekileyo kubangela umhlaza." Kuthi, "asinabo ubungqina obuqinileyo bokuthi oku kubangela umhlaza, kodwa idatha ngelo xesha yayinganelanga ukuthi i-100% ayibangeli umhlaza." Cinga ngayo njengefoto engacacanga. Kunzima ukufumanisa ukuba kwenzeka ntoni kanye kanye. Le ngxelo yiyo eyenza abantu kwihlabathi liphela boyike ukusebenzisa iifowuni.
Injani ke ngoku imeko? Luthini uphando lwamva nje?
Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba imihla yakudala, isayensi engenazo iinkcukacha iphelile. Ngoku, uphando olukhulu kakhulu nolupheleleyo lwenziwe phantsi kwesikhokelo seWorld Health Organization (WHO). Oku kupapashwe kutshanje kwijenali yezonyango yamazwe ngamazwe iEnvironment International.
Into eyenziwe leli qela lophando kukuthatha izifundo ezingama-63 ezenziwe ngalo mba ukususela ngo-1994 ukuya kutsho ngo-2022, oko kukuthi, kwixesha leminyaka engama-28 , nokuhlanganisa idatha yazo zonke kunye nokuzihlalutya. Oku kuthetha ukuba olu asilophando lunye luncinci, kodwa yingqokelela yezifundo ezininzi ezenziwe phantse kwiminyaka engamashumi amathathu.
Ngoko ke, yintoni isiphelo sokugqibela sale sifundo sikhulu?
Isiphelo sicacile: akukho khonkco lifunyenweyo phakathi kokusetyenziswa kweefowuni eziphathwayo kunye nomhlaza wobuchopho.
Aba baphandi abajonganga kuphela umhlaza wobuchopho, kodwa bakwajonga nezinye iintlobo zomhlaza wentloko nentamo, kwaye abafumananga bungqina bokuba ukusetyenziswa kweefowuni kunxulunyaniswa nayo nayiphi na kuzo.
| Yintoni Ephandwe Ngayo | Isiphelo soPhando |
|---|---|
| Umhlaza wobuchopho kunye nenkqubo yemithambo-luvo (umz., i-glioma, i-meningioma) | Akukho qhagamshelo lufunyenweyo. |
| Ixesha olisebenzisileyo ifowuni (iminyaka iyonke yokusebenzisa) | Ayibonisi umngcipheko ophezulu wokuba nomhlaza. |
| Uthetha ixesha elingakanani kwaye ufumana iminxeba emingaphi ngosuku? | Ayibonisi umngcipheko ophezulu wokuba nomhlaza. |
| Ukuba kufutshane neenqaba zefowuni (izikhululo zesiseko) okanye ii-antenna kunye nomhlaza wabantwana (i-leukemia, iithumba zobuchopho) | Akukho qhagamshelo lufunyenweyo. |
Ngoko ke kwenzeka ntoni kuloo bali lidala?
Izazinzulu eziphethe olu phononongo lutsha zithi ngo-2013, i-IARC yathi "mhlawumbi ibangela umhlaza" ngokusekelwe kuphando oluncinci ngelo xesha. Kodwa ngoku, olu hlalutyo lutsha luquka idatha eninzi kakhulu, izifundo zanamhlanje nezineenkcukacha , ukuze sibe nokuqiniseka ngakumbi kwesi sigqibo.
Ukuba kukho naluphi na olunye uloyiko...
"Kulungile, oko kusathusa kancinci..." usenokuba ucinga. Yinto eqhelekileyo leyo. Kodwa into ekufuneka uyiqonde kukuba isayensi yinto etshintsha yonke imihla. Njengoko ubungqina obutsha nobungcono bufika, iingcamango ezindala ziyatshintsha. Le yenye yezo zinto.
Nangona kunjalo, zimbalwa izinto ezincinci onokuzenza ezingayi kunciphisa nje ixhala lakho, kodwa neziya kuba zilungile kwimpilo yakho yedijithali iyonke.
- Sebenzisa i-hands-free okanye i-speakerphone: Ukuba uthetha ixesha elide, ungayigcina ifowuni ikude nentloko yakho ngokusebenzisa i-hands-free okanye i-speakerphone endaweni yokubamba ifowuni entloko.
- Musa ukulala nefowuni yakho kufutshane nawe: Oku akupheleli nje ekubeni ngumngcipheko womhlaza, kodwa kubalulekile nakwimeko yokulala kwakho. Izaziso kunye nokukhanya okuvela kwifowuni yakho kunokuphazamisa ubuthongo bakho.
- Nciphisa iifowuni zakho kwiindawo ezinesiginali ephantsi: Xa iibha zesignali zefowuni yakho ziphantsi, ifowuni yakho isebenzisa amandla angakumbi ukunxibelelana nenqaba. Oku kuthetha ukuba kukho imitha engaphezulu kancinci. Kodwa khumbula, nokuba olu nyuko lukwimida ekhuselekileyo.
Sifanele siye kugqirha nini?
Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Ukuba uneempawu ezifana neentloko ezingapheliyo, utshintsho lombono, isiyezi rhoqo, okanye ukuxhuzula, musa ukucinga nje ukuba, "Mhlawumbi kungenxa yefowuni yakho," kodwa bonana nogqirha wakho . Unobangela wezo mpawu usenokungabi yifowuni yakho, kodwa yenye imeko yezonyango efuna unyango. Ke ngoko, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukufumana unobangela ochanekileyo kwaye ufumane unyango.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ngokutsho kophando lwamva nje, olwenziwe yi-World Health Organisation kwaye luhlalutya izifundo ezingama-63 ezithathe iminyaka ephantse ibe ngamashumi amathathu, akukho nxibelelwano phakathi kokusetyenziswa kweefowuni eziphathwayo kunye nomhlaza wobuchopho.
- Esi sigqibo sitsha sinamandla kakhulu kwaye sinokuthenjwa ngaphezu kwebali "elinokubangela umhlaza" elathethwa kwiminyaka eyadlulayo.
- Ngoko ke, ungoyiki ngokungeyomfuneko ukuba ifowuni yakho iza kukunika umhlaza wobuchopho.
- Ukuba uneempawu ezithile, ezinje ngentloko ebuhlungu engapheliyo, qiniseka ukuba ucela iingcebiso zonyango ukuze ufumane unobangela.
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