Ingabe ingane yakho iyangingiza uma ikhuluma? Ake sixoxe ngokungingiza!

Wake waqaphela, noma ingabe kwenzeka kuwe, ukuthi uma ukhuluma, amagama ayabhajwa ngokuzumayo, noma uqhubeka usho uhlamvu noma igama elifanayo? Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungaba khona kusukela ebuntwaneni, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka nangemva kokuba usukhulile. Ngakho-ke namuhla sizokhuluma ngalokhu kungingiza, noma ngokwezokwelapha, `(Ukungingiza)`. Ungakhathazeki, lokhu kuyinto eyenzeka kubantu abaningi, futhi ivame ukuphulukiswa.

Kuyini ngempela ukungingiza?

Kalula nje, ukungingiza kuwukuphazamiseka kwesigqi samagama esiwakhulumayo, okungukuthi, ukushelela kwenkulumo. Kulokhu, amagama awaphumi ngendlela esihlose ngayo. Kungase kube nemisindo engadingekile, ukuphumula okungadingekile phakathi kwamagama, noma ezinye izinkinga ngokushelela kwenkulumo.

Kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko zokungingiza:

• Ukuphazamiseka kokukhuluma okuthuthukayo/ukuphazamiseka kokukhuluma ngokushelela kwengane: Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Lubangelwa ushintsho oluncane endleleni ubuchopho obukhula ngayo ngesikhathi sobuntwana . Okusho ukuthi, kuyisifo sokukhula kwengqondo . Ngokuvamile singaqala phakathi kweminyaka emibili neyisikhombisa.
• Ukungingiza okuqhubekayo: Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukungingiza okwaqala ebuntwaneni kuyaqhubeka kuze kube yilapho umuntu esemdala.
• Ukungingiza okutholakala: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ukungingiza kuqala ngemva kokulimala kobuchopho, kungaba ngenxa yokugula noma ukulimala ekhanda.

Ukungingiza kuyisimo esithinta ukushelela kwenkulumo (i-Fluency disorder). Lokhu kuvame ukuwela esigabeni esikhulu sezithiyo zokukhuluma.

Ubani othinteka kakhulu yilesi simo?

Ukungingiza kungenzeka kunoma ubani. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo luthole ukuthi abafana banamathuba aphindwe kane okuthola lesi simo kunamantombazane. Uhlobo lwalesi simo lungashintsha njengoba iminyaka ikhula.

• Ukungingiza ebuntwaneni: Lokhu cishe njalo kuqala ebuntwaneni. Kungaqala usemncane uneminyaka emi-2, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungaba sekwephuzile uneminyaka eyi-7. Ngokuvamile kuqala cishe uneminyaka emi-3 ubudala. Cishe u-95% wezingane ubonisa izimpawu zokungingiza ngaphambi kokuba uneminyaka emi-4.
• Ukungingiza okuhlala isikhathi eside kuze kube yilapho umuntu ekhula: Nakuba lesi kuyisimo esithinta abantu abadala, ngokuvamile siqala ebuntwaneni.
• Ukungakhulumi kamuva: Lokhu kungenzeka kunoma yimuphi ubudala, ikakhulukazi ngemva kwezingozi noma ukugula okubangela ukulimala kobuchopho.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?

Ukungingiza okuqala ebuntwaneni kuthinta phakathi kuka-1% no-2.4% wezingane. Lokho kusho ukuthi ingane eyodwa noma ezimbili kweziyi-100 zingaba nalesi simo. Ukungingiza okuqhubekayo kuze kube yilapho umuntu ekhulile akuvamile, kuthinta phakathi kuka-0.3% no-1% wabantu abadala. Kusenolwazi olulinganiselwe locwaningo mayelana nokuthi ukungingiza okuvamile kangakanani ekuphileni.

Ziyini izimpawu zokungingiza?

Uma sikhuluma, imisipha eminingi ebusweni bethu, emlonyeni, emphinjeni, esifubeni nasesiswini ixhumene futhi kufanele isebenzisane. Umuntu onamalimi ubhekana nokunyakaza okungalawuleki noma ukuqaqamba kwale misipha esetshenziselwa ukukhuluma.

Ukuze udokotela axilonge ukungakwazi ukukhuluma kahle, okungenani eyodwa yezimpawu eziyisikhombisa eziyinhloko ezingezansi kumele ibe khona:

• Ukuphindaphinda imisindo noma ama-syllable: Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ekuqaleni kwegama. Isibonelo, uma uthi “mama,” uthi “a-a-a-mom.” Umsindo noma i-syllable iyaphindwa kuze kube yilapho igama lonke selishiwo.
• Ukwandisa ama-syllable noma imisindo ethile: Lokhu kuhilela ukunamathela emsindweni noma i-syllable ethile bese uyinweba esikhundleni sokucabanga ngayo. Isibonelo, "Ss"
• Ukuma phakathi negama: Ukuma isikhathi esiningi endaweni engadingekile ngenkathi ukhuluma.
• Ukuvimba: Uma ukhuluma, kuba nokuma okungapheli, kungaba buthule noma ngomsindo onjengokuthi “um…” noma “ah…”. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi “Ukuvimba” ngoba amagama abonakala evinjiwe okuthile.
• Ukushintsha igama: Uma ungindizela lapho uzama ukusho igama noma umushwana owodwa, usebenzisa elinye igama noma umushwana ukuze ugweme lokho.
• Ukucindezeleka ngokweqile: Ukukhuluma ngokugcizelela ngokweqile noma ukucindezeleka engxenyeni yegama noma igama lonke.
• Ukuphindaphinda kwamagama anohlamvu olulodwa: Ukuphindaphinda amagama akhiwe ngomsindo owodwa, njengokuthi “Mina”, “yebo”, nokuthi “lokho”.

Ezinye izimpawu ezihlobene nokungingiza

Abantu abanalesi simo bangase babe nalokhu okulandelayo:

• Ukuqaqamba kwemisipha: Ngenxa yokunyakaza kwemisipha okubangela ukungingiza, ukuqaqamba kwemisipha kungasakazeka kwezinye izingxenye zobuso, intamo, amahlombe, kanye nezingalo.
• Ukunyakaza noma ukuma okungajwayelekile okwandayo ngokungingiza: Into eyodwa engabonakala kubantu abangingiza ukuziphatha okuthile okuvela lapho bengingiza. Isibonelo, ukucwayiza kwamehlo okungavamile, ukubheka kude, ukububula ubuso, nokufingqa izibhakela zabo.
• Indlela isimo sakho sengqondo esithinta ngayo izimpawu:Izimpawu zokungingiza zingaba zimbi kakhulu uma ukhathele, ujabule, ukhathazekile, noma ucindezelekile. Kungenzeka futhi uma ukhuluma ngezihloko ezintsha neziyinkimbinkimbi. Kodwa-ke, izimpawu zingancipha uma uphumule futhi ukhululekile.
• Akukho ukungingiza ngesikhathi seminye imisebenzi yokukhuluma: Ngokumangalisayo, ukungingiza ngokuvamile akwenzeki ngesikhathi semisebenzi ethile. Isibonelo, ungase ungangingiza lapho ukhuluma nezilwane zakho ezifuywayo, ufunda incwadi ngokuzwakalayo, noma uhlabelela.
• Okubangela ezinye izinkinga zempilo yengqondo : Ukungingiza kungabangela imizwa yokukhungatheka, amahloni , kanye namahloni. Abantu abangingiza banamathuba amaningi okuba nezimo zempilo yengqondo njengokukhathazeka noma ukucindezeleka .

Ziyini izimbangela zokungingiza?

Ochwepheshe abakaqondi ngokugcwele ukuthi kungani ukungingiza kwenzeka ngempela. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto ezimbalwa abacabanga ukuthi zingaba nomthelela kukho:

• Umlando womndeni : Uma isihlobo sakho esisezingeni lokuqala, njengomama wakho, ubaba, noma abafowenu nodadewenu, sinama-stinging, cishe unamathuba aphindwe kathathu okuba nama-stinging.
• Izakhi zofuzo : Kucatshangwa ukuthi izinguquko ezithile ( ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo ) kuzakhi zofuzo zethu ( i-DNA ) zingase zibe nomthelela ekungingizaneni. Kubonakala sengathi izakhi zofuzo zingase zithonye ukuthi isimo siyathuthuka yini ngokuhamba kwesikhathi noma siyanyamalala ngokuphelele.
• Izinguquko ekwakhiweni kobuchopho: Kutholakale ukuthi kunezinguquko ezithile ezindaweni ezithile zobuchopho babantu abangingizayo. Lezi ngokuvamile yizingxenye zobuchopho ezilawula imisipha esisiza ukukhuluma, noma eziqondisa imisipha.

Ungakubona kanjani ukungingiza?

Uma exilonga ukungingiza, udokotela uzoqala ngokubuza ngezimpawu ezihambisana nalesi simo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uzobuza ngomlando wempilo yakho (noma yengane yakho), ukuthi izimpawu zaqala nini, nokuthi zivame ukuvela kangaki ngosuku.

Uma ingane yakho ine-stumping, ivame ukuhlonzwa udokotela wezingane wengane yakho. Lokhu kwenzeka uma ubona izimpawu bese utshela udokotela ngazo, noma uma udokotela ebona izimpawu lapho uyisa ingane yakho ekuhlolweni okuvamile.

Abantu abaningi abangakwazi ukugxila baze babe ngabantu abadala batholakale benalesi simo kusukela ebuntwaneni. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni ezingavamile, kungase kube nabantu abangakwazi ukugxila baze babe ngabantu abadala kodwa abazange batholakale benaso ngokusemthethweni beseyizingane.

Ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kwezokwelapha ngokuvamile akudingeki ukuze kutholakale ukungingiza ebuntwaneni noma ukungingiza okuqhubekayo kuze kube yilapho umuntu esemdala.

Ukungingiza okutholiwe

Uma umuntu omdala eqala ukungingiza ngokuzumayo, kungenzeka ukuthi uzohlolwa. Ukungingiza kanje ngezinye izikhathi kungaba uphawu lwesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-aphasia . Izimbangela ezingaba khona ze-aphasia zifaka phakathi ukulimala kobuchopho okubuhlungu (i-TBI), ukushaywa yisifo sohlangothi , kanye nezimila zobuchopho (kufaka phakathi umdlavuza ).

Ukuhlolwa okungenziwa ngalesi sikhathi kufaka phakathi:

• Ukuskena kwe-CT (ukuskena kwe-CT - ukuskena kwe-computed tomography)
• Izikena ze-MRI (izikena ze -MRI – Izikena ze-magnetic resonance imaging)
• Ukuskena kwe-PET (ukuskena kwe-Positron emission tomography)

Izinto ezinjengalezi zingafakwa.

Kuphathwa kanjani ukungingiza?

Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kwazo zonke izinhlobo zokungingiza kuyindlela yokwelapha ngenkulumo . Ezinganeni ezincane, lokhu kuhilela ukuzijwayeza imisebenzi ehlukahlukene esiza izimpawu zokungingiza ukuthi zehle kancane kancane futhi ekugcineni zinyamalale ngokuphelele. Imisebenzi namasu asetshenziswa ekwelapheni ngenkulumo kunqunywa uhlobo lokungingiza, izimpawu, kanye nobunzima bokungingiza. Inani lezikhathi zokwelapha kanye nobude besikhathi ngasinye nakho kungathinta lokhu.

Imithi ayivame ukusetshenziswa ukwelapha ukungingiza ngqo. Kodwa-ke, imithi ingasetshenziswa ukwelapha izimo zempilo yengqondo, njengokukhathazeka noma ukucindezeleka, okungahambisana nokungingiza futhi kwenze ukungingiza kube kubi kakhulu. Imithi yokucindezeleka kanye nemithi yokuvimbela ukukhathazeka yizibonelo zemithi esetshenziswa ngale ndlela.

Izinkinga/imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa

Izinkinga kanye nemiphumela emibi yokwelashwa kokungingiza kuncike endleleni yokwelashwa kanye nezinye izici. Ukwelashwa ngenkulumo ngokuvamile akubangeli izingozi, izinkinga, noma imiphumela emibi. Imiphumela emibi noma izinkinga ezivela emithini, nakuba zingavamile, zingaba khona.

Udokotela wakho angakutshela okwengeziwe ngalezi zinkinga ezingaba khona kanye nemiphumela emibi, kanye nokuchaza izindlela zokugwema noma ukunciphisa imiphumela yazo.

Ingabe ukungingiza kungavinjelwa?

Uhlobo olulodwa kuphela lokungingiza olungavinjelwa ukungingiza okutholakele. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokukuvimbela ukunciphisa ingozi, noma ukuvikela ezimweni ezinjengokushaywa unhlangothi noma ukulimala kobuchopho okubuhlungu (TBI).

Yini esingayicabanga ngalesi simo? (I-Outlook)

Ukungingiza akuyona ingozi, futhi abantu abaningi bayalulama kukho. Ukwelashwa, ikakhulukazi ukwelashwa ngenkulumo, kungasheshisa ukululama.

Kodwa-ke, ukungingiza kungaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu empilweni yengqondo. Cishe ama-40% ezingane eziphakathi kweminyaka eyi-12 neyi-17 ezingingiza zinezimo ezifana nokukhathazeka noma ukucindezeleka.

Abantu abadala abanama-stumping banamathuba aphindwe kabili okuba nalezi zimo kanye namathuba aphindwe kathathu okuba nezinkinga zobuntu. Ukuthola nokwelapha izimo zempilo yengqondo kungasiza ekunciphiseni indlela ezithinta ngayo ama-stumping.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukungingiza?

Cishe ama-90% ezingane ezine-stumping ezikhula ngokushesha ziyalulama zodwa lapho zineminyaka engu-18. Lezo ezilulama ngokuphelele aziphinde zingingiza ngaphandle kokuba ziqale ukungingiza.

Ukungingiza okuqhubekayo okuqhubeka kuze kube yilapho umuntu ekhula akuvamile, kodwa ngokuvamile kuyisimo sokuphila konke. Kodwa-ke, kungelashwa futhi, futhi abantu abadala abaningi bangafunda ukubhekana nalesi simo nokulawula.

Ukungingiza okutholakele kungaba yinto ehlala njalo noma yesikhashana. Lokhu kuvame ukuncika esibangweni. Uma kubangelwa ukulimala kobuchopho okunzima, okuhlala njalo, lolu hlobo lokungingiza lungase lube yinto ehlala njalo. Udokotela wakho angachaza ukuthi yini engenzeka kakhulu ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho.

Ngingazinakekela kanjani? / Ngingamsiza kanjani umntwana?

Uma ingane yakho inezimpawu zokungakwazi ukukhula kahle, kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wezingane. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kungasiza ingane yakho ifunde ukukhuluma nokubhekana nemizwa yokuzizwa inamahloni.

Uma une-speech treatment eqhubekayo eqhubeka uze ube mdala, i-speech therapy nayo ingakusiza. I-speech therapy ikufundisa indlela yokubhekana nemiphumela yalesi simo.

Ukunakekelwa kwempilo yengqondo

Kubalulekile njalo ukunakekela impilo yakho noma yengane yakho yengqondo. Kubaluleke nakakhulu uma unesifo esifana nokungingiza. Ukukhuluma nodokotela wezifo zengqondo, uchwepheshe wezokwelapha, noma omunye uchwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo kungakusiza ezimweni ezifana nokukhathazeka noma ukucindezeleka.

Ukunakekelwa kwempilo yengqondo yezingane kubaluleke kakhulu, njengoba kungasiza ekunciphiseni ubunzima bemiphumela yempilo yengqondo yokungingiza. Izingane ezingingizayo zivame ukugconwa nokuxhashazwa abanye, okungadala ukukhathazeka noma ukucindezeleka kwazo.

Khumbula, ukungingiza akulona iphutha lakho noma lengane yakho. Kuyisimo sempilo. Akuyona into yokuhlazeka.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela wami?

Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninamalimi, kufanele nibone udokotela wakho njengoba kunconywa. Izingane eziningi ziyakhula zingenawo amalimi, ngakho-ke kungase kungadingeki ukuthi ubonane nodokotela ngalesi simo ngesikhathi.

Kufanele ngiye nini eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (i-ETU) ?

Uhlobo olulodwa kuphela lokungingiza oludinga usizo oluphuthumayo lwezokwelapha ukungingiza okutholakele, okwenzeka ngokuzumayo, ikakhulukazi ngezinye izimpawu zesifo sohlangothi. Uma ukungingiza okutholakele kukhula kancane kancane, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela ngokushesha nje lapho ubona izimpawu. Izimpawu ezikhula futhi ziba zimbi kancane kancane zingase zibe uphawu lwesinye isimo esihlobene nobuchopho.

Ingabe ukungingiza kuyindlela yokukhathazeka?

Cha, ukungingiza kuyisimo esihluke ngokuphelele ekukhathazekeni. Kodwa-ke, kukhona ubudlelwano obuqinile, obuhambisanayo phakathi kwalokhu okubili. Okusho ukuthi, ukungingiza kungabangela ukukhathazeka noma kwandise ukukhathazeka okukhona. Futhi, ukungingiza kuvame ukuba kubi kakhulu uma uzizwa ukhathazekile.

Ingabe ukungingiza kungalapheka ngokuphelele?

Akukho "khambi" lokungingiza. Okusho ukuthi, akunakuqedwa ngokuphelele ngomuthi owodwa noma into eyodwa. Kodwa-ke, ungalulama kukho. Ukwelashwa ngenkulumo kanye nezinye izindlela zokwelapha kungasiza ekusheshiseni nasekusizeni lokhu kuphulukisa. Izingane eziningi ziyalulama cishe ngokuphelele.

Uma ingane yami ingingiza, ngingayisiza kanjani?

Uma ingane yakho ingingiza, kunezinto eziningana ongazenza ukuze uyisize:

• Yiba yisibonelo nawe: Khuluma kancane futhi uzolile, bese ubeka isibonelo sokuba ingane yakho ikhulume ngendlela efanayo.
• Ungajezisi ukungingiza: Lokhu kunomphumela ophambene nalokho. Kungabhebhethekisa ukukhathazeka kwengane kanye neminye imiphumela yengqondo ehlobene nokungingiza.
• Lalela lokho okushiwo yingane yakho: Ingane yakho idinga ukwazi ukuthi uyayinaka lokho ekushoyo. Ungasheshi ukukhuluma ngokushesha nje lapho isiqedile ukukhuluma. Kungasiza futhi ukwehlisa izinga lamehlo engane yakho bese uyibheka emehlweni uma ukhuluma.
• Ungaphazamisi ngesikhathi ukhuluma, ungagxili emaphutheni: Gxila kulokho umntwana akushoyo, hhayi indlela akusho ngayo. Ungazami ukuqeda imisho yakhe, futhi ungaphazamisi ngesikhathi ekhuluma.
• Yakha ukuzethemba kwengane yakho: Mncome ngezenzo azenza kahle, ngale kwalokho akushoyo. Uma ebonisa amakhono akhe emisebenzini engeyona eyezwi, chaza ngokucacile imizwa yakho ngaye.
• Chitha isikhathi nomntanakho: Ukuchitha isikhathi nomntanakho, ngaphandle kweziphazamiso ezifana ne-TV noma ifoni, kusiza ekwakheni ukuzethemba kwengane yakho kanye nempilo yengqondo .
• Ungamenzi ingane yakho izizwe sengathi kuyinto yokufihla: Uma ingane yakho ingingiza, yazise ukuthi kulungile ukukhuluma ngakho. Ukukhuluma ngemizwa efana nokukhungatheka namahloni kungasiza ekunciphiseni imizwa engemihle ngalesi simo.
• Qinisekisa ingane yakho ukuthi uyayisekela: Tshela ingane yakho ukuthi uyayisekela kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kwenzekani. Kudingeka izwe ukuthi ukungingiza akuthinti ukubaluleka kwayo.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kokungingiza nokungingiza?

Ngokomlando, amagama athi ``Ukungingiza`` kanye ``Ukungingiza`` achaze izithiyo ezimbili zokukhuluma ezihlobene, kodwa ezingafani ncamashi.

• Ukungingiza: Ukuphinda umsindo ofanayo ngenkathi uzama ukukhuluma. (Isibonelo: mama-mama-ma)
• Ukungingiza: Ukuphindaphinda izikhala noma ukuma kancane lapho uzama ukukhuluma. (Isibonelo: Ngiye esikoleni … namuhla …)

Abantu abaningi abangingizayo bayenza yomibili. Ngenxa yokuthi lokhu kokubili kuvame ukwenzeka ndawonye, ​​kuvamile ukusebenzisa la magama amabili ngokushintshana. Ngakho-ke noma ngabe uthi `(Ukungingiza)` noma `(Ukungingiza)`, avame ukusho into efanayo.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukungingiza kungaba yinto ekhungathekisayo nebangela amahloni, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uneminyaka emingaki. Kuvamile ukuzizwa ukhathazekile noma unamahloni ngalesi simo. Kodwa-ke, ukungingiza kuyisimo sezokwelapha, futhi akuyona into okufanele ube namahloni ngayo.

Abantu abaningi bayalulama kulesi simo futhi baphila impilo ephumelelayo kakhulu. Kunabantu abaningi ababenamalimi, njengabaholi bomhlaba, izinkanyezi zama-movie, kanye nabadlali abangochwepheshe, kodwa asebephumelele kakhulu. Ngokwelashwa ngenkulumo kanye nezinye izindlela zokwelapha, nawe ungathola isigqi samazwi akho futhi uveze ngokuzethemba. Ngakho-ke, uma ucabanga ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho ninokuthile okufana nalokhu, unganqikazi ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.