Ubuwazi lezi zinto ngezindlala zamathe emilonyeni yethu?

Wake wazibuza ukuthi amathe asemilonyeni yethu akhiqizwa kanjani nokuthi kwenzekani kuwo? Empeleni, la mathe awayona nje into. Adlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu empilweni yemizimba yethu. Ngakho-ke namuhla sizokhuluma ngezindlala ezinhle ezikhiqiza la mathe, ezibizwa ngokuthi `(amathe e-Glands)`.

Ziyini izindlala zamathe emlonyeni?

Kalula nje, izindlala zamathe zifana nezimboni ezincane ezikhiqiza futhi zikhiphe amathe (esivame ukuwabiza ngokuthi 'amathe') emilonyeni yethu. Amathe ashiya lezi zindlala ngamapayipi amancane (esiwabiza ngokuthi 'amapayipi'). La mathe agcina imilomo nemiphimbo yethu imanzi, asisiza ukugwinya ukudla, asiza enqubweni yokugaya ukudla, futhi avikele amazinyo ethu kumagciwane abangela ukubola kwamazinyo. Cabanga ukuthi imilomo yethu ingaba yome kangakanani nokuthi kungaba nzima kangakanani ukugwinya ukudla ngaphandle kwawo!

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zezindlala zamathe emlonyeni wethu?

Kunezinhlayiya ezintathu ezinkulu zamathe emilonyeni yethu, okusho ukuthi zitholakala nhlangothi zombili.

• Izindlala ezingaphansi kolimi: Lezi zitholakala ngaphansi kolimi lwakho, kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zomlomo wakho. Uma uphakamisa ulimi lwakho phezulu, uzozwa umuzwa omanzi lapho. Yilapho amathe avela kulezi zindlala eqoqana khona emlonyeni wakho.
• Izindlala ezingaphansi komhlathi: Lezi zitholakala ngaphansi komhlathi wakho. Lezi zindlala zakhiwe ngama-lobes amabili: i-superficial lobe kanye ne-deep lobe. Njengezindlala zamathe, amathe akhiqizwa yilezi zindlala ageleza emlonyeni ngaphansi kolimi.
• Izindlala ze-Parotid: Lezi yizindlala zethu ezinkulu kakhulu zamathe. Zitholakala phambi kwezindlebe zakho, endaweni yesihlathi. Njengezindlala ze-submandibular, lezi zindlala ze-parotid zinezingxenye ezimbili: ingxenye engaphezulu kanye nengxenye ejulile. Amathe avela kulezi zindlala angena emlonyeni ngemibhobho emincane eduze kwamazinyo (ikakhulukazi ama-molars ) emhlathini ongaphezulu.

Yiziphi izinzuzo ezinikezwa yizindlala zamathe kithi?

Umsebenzi oyinhloko wezindlala zamathe ukukhiqiza amathe . La mathe abaluleke kakhulu empilweni yomlomo wethu, kanye nempilo yomzimba wonke. Bheka ukuthi kwenzekani ngamathe:

• Kugcina umlomo wakho nomphimbo wakho umanzi futhi ukhululekile . Uyazi ukungakhululeki komlomo owomile.
• Ukumanzisa ukudla kwenza kube lula ukugwinya . Ukudla okomile kunzima kakhulu ukugwinya, akunjalo?
• Amathe aqukethe i-enzyme ebizwa ngokuthi i-amylase . Lokhu kusiza ekugayeni izitashi (ama-carbohydrate) esiwadlayo esiswini. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inqubo yokugaya iqala emlonyeni.
• Kusiza ukugcina umlomo wakho uhlanzekile . Amathe asiza ekugezeni izingcezu ezincane zokudla ezisele ngemva kokudla.
• Ukubola kwamazinyo kanyeKunciphisa ingozi yokuthola isifo sezinsini .
• Kusiza ukugcina ibhalansi ye-'pH' (isisekelo se-asidi) emlonyeni. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu emazinyweni.

Lezi zindlala zamathe zisiza kanjani ezinye izinhlelo emizimbeni yethu?

Amathe, akhiqizwa yizindlala zamathe, adlala indima enkulu enqubweni yethu yokugaya ukudla . Uma udla, ukudla kudlula emlonyeni wakho, kwehle emphinjeni wakho, kudlule emhubheni wakho, bese ekugcineni kungene esiswini sakho. Amathe asiza ekwenzeni uhambo lube lula. Agcina ukudla kumanzi, akuhlukanise kube yizicucu ezincane, futhi kwenza kube lula ukugwinya.

Amanye amaqiniso amangalisayo ongase ungawazi ngezindlala zamathe!

Manje bheka ukuthi zingaki izinto ezimangalisayo ezenziwa yilezi zindlala zamathe, yize singacabangi kakhulu ngazo.

• Izindlala zamathe zomuntu omdala zikhiqiza cishe ilitha elilodwa kuya kwamabili amathe ngosuku.
• Uma ubuqoqa amathe akho unyaka wonke, ubungagcwalisa ibhavu!
• Ngesikhathi sokuphila okuvamile, izindlala zethu zamathe zikhiqiza amalitha angaphezu kuka-23,000 amathe .
• Amathe akho angama -99% amanzi . Okunye kwenziwa ngamaprotheni, ama-enzyme, ama-mucus, kanye nama-buffering agents (izinto ezilawula i-pH).
• Ithonsi lamathe liqukethe yonke i-genetic form yakho. Akumangalisi lokho?
• Ngaphandle kwamathe, awukwazi ukunambitha ukudla. Izinzwa zethu zokunambitha zizwa kuphela ukunambitheka kokudla ngemva kokuncibilika ematheni.
• Ngaphambi kokuba uhlanze, izindlala zakho zamathe ziyasebenza kakhulu . Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi okuqukethwe esiswini sakho kune-asidi. Uma uhlanza, lawa ma-asidi angalimaza umphimbo wakho, umlomo kanye namazinyo. Amathe asiza ekunciphiseni nasekuqedeni le-asidi, anciphise umonakalo.

Zikhona yini ezinye izindlala zamathe ngaphandle kweziyinhloko? Zikuphi?

Ngaphezu kwezindlala ezintathu ezinkulu zamathe esixoxe ngazo ekuqaleni, kunezinye izindlala eziningi ezincane zamathe (`izindlala ezincane zamathe`) ngaphakathi kwemilomo yethu. Lezi zindlala ezincane zitholakala ngaphansi kolwelwesi lomlomo nomphimbo. Kungaba nezindlala ezingafika ku-1,000 emlonyeni womuntu. Nakuba lezi zindlala ezincane zincane kakhulu kunezindlala ezinkulu, kuthiwa zikhiqiza amathe amaningi uma zihlangene .

Zingakanani lezi zindlala zamathe?

Ubukhulu bezindlala zamathe buyahlukahluka kuye ngendlala. Isibonelo:

• Indlala eyodwa engaphansi kolimi icishe ibe usayizi we-alimondi .
• Izindlala zakho ezimbili ezingaphansi kwethanga zihlangene zingangosayizi we-walnut .
• Indlala eyodwa ye-parotid incane kancane kunendlebe yakho.
• Izindlala ezincane zamathe emlonyeni wonke zincane kakhulu – zingamamilimitha amabili kuphela ngobukhulu.

Zenziwe ngani izindlala zamathe?

Indlala ngayinye yamathe ethu imbozwe izicubu. Ngaphakathi kwendlala ikakhulukazi kunamaseli abizwa ngokuthi i-acini, akhipha amafutha noketshezi.

Yiziphi izifo ezivamile ezingathinta izindlala zamathe?

Ngeshwa, izindlala zethu zamathe nazo zingathinteka yizifo nezimo ezahlukahlukene. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.

• Amatshe e-gland asemathe
• Ukuvuvukala kwendlala yamathe
• Ukutheleleka kwe-salivary gland
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwendlala yamathe
• Izimila ze-salivary gland

Manje ake sixoxe ngemininingwane eminingi ngalezi zinto.

Amatshe e-gland asemathe

La matshe anamathelayo akhiwa ngosawoti ematheni. Angenzeka kakhulu uma uphelelwe amanzi emzimbeni (`(ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni)`) noma uma uthatha imithi ebangela umlomo owomile (`(xerostomia)`) . La matshe angavimba imigudu ethwala amathe avela ezindlaleni zamathe. Lokhu kungabangela ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, kanye nokutheleleka . Kufana nokuthile okubhajwe epayipini lamanzi.

Ukuvuvukala kwendlala yamathe

Kunezizathu eziningana ezenza ukuthi izindlala zamathe zivuvuke. Isibonelo, uma une -mumps, izindlala ze-parotid ziyavuvukala. (Kulezi zinsuku, lesi sifo asivamile kakhulu ngenxa yomjovo we-MMR.) Futhi, lapho izindlala zamathe zingasebenzi kahle, okungukuthi, lapho ukukhiqizwa kwamathe kuncipha, ukuvuvukala kungenzeka. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuvuvukala kungabangelwa nayizimila ezikhula ezindlaleni zamathe .

Ukutheleleka kwe-salivary gland / i-Sialadenitis

Uma izindlala zamathe zitheleleka, ngokwezokwelapha kubizwa ngokuthi 'i-Sialadenitis' . Ngokuvamile, lezi zifo zibangelwa ukuvaleka kwezindlala zamathe (njengamatshe okukhulunywe ngawo ngenhla) noma umlomo owomile oqhubekayo .

Lesi simo singabangelwa nayizifo ezithile ze-staph . Abantu abanezinkinga zokudla, njenge-anorexia, basengozini enkulu.

Ukungasebenzi kahle kwendlala yamathe

Lokhu kubhekisela kunoma yisiphi isimo lapho izindlala zakho zamathe zingasebenzi kahle. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kusho ukuthi izindlala zamathe azikhiqizi amathe anele (umlomo owomile) . Lokhu kungabangelwa izinto eziningana:

• Ezinye izinhlobo zokutheleleka, isibonelo `( i-HIV )` kanye `( ingculaza)`.
• Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha, isibonelo i-Sjögren's syndrome , i-lupus , kanye ne-rheumatoid arthritisisifo samathambo `).
• Imithi ethile, isibonelo, eminye imithi yokulwa nokucindezeleka, imithi yokudambisa ukucindezeleka, kanye nemithi yesifo sikaParkinson.
• Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha umdlavuza , ikakhulukazi i-chemotherapy kanye ne-radiation therapy , zinikezwa endaweni yekhanda nentamo.

Okubalulekile: Akuwona wonke umlomo owomile obangelwa ukungasebenzi kahle kwezindlala zamathe. Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, ukuphefumula komlomo, ukucindezeleka, kanye nokukhathazeka nakho kungabangela umlomo owomile.

Izimila ze-salivary gland

Esikhathini esiningi, izimila ezakha izindlala zamathe azinawo umdlavuza (azinabungozi) . Lokho kusho ukuthi aziyona ingozi. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi zingaba umdlavuza (ziyingozi) .

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zezimila ezingezona umdlavuza. Isibonelo, `(Adenomas)` (kukhona nezinhlobo ezahlukene zalezi ezifana `(pleomorphic)`, `(monomorphic)`), `(Oncocytomas)`, `(isimila sikaWarthin)`.

Izibonelo zezimila ezinomdlavuza (umdlavuza wezindlala zamathe) zifaka phakathi `(Mucoepidermoid carcinomas)`, `(Adenoid cystic carcinomas)`, kanye `(Acinic cell carcinomas)`.

Ukwelashwa kwezimila ze-salivary gland kuvame ukuhilela ukususwa kwesimila ngokuhlinzwa . Uma isimila sinomdlavuza, kungase kudingeke ukwelashwa okwengeziwe. Lokhu kungafaka phakathi i-chemotherapy, ukwelashwa ngemisebe, i-immunotherapy, noma ukwelashwa ngemithi okuqondiwe.

Ziyini izimpawu zezinkinga ze-salivary gland?

Umlomo owomile uphawu oluyinhloko lwenkinga ngezindlala zakho zamathe. Uma unomlomo owomile oqhubekayo, kuwumqondo omuhle ukubona udokotela ukuze uxoxe ngokwelashwa. Kungaba umuthi owuthathayo obangela umlomo wakho owomile. Uma kunjalo, udokotela wakho angase akwazi ukushintsha umuthi noma anciphise umthamo. Angase futhi akwazi ukuncoma imikhiqizo engasiza ukugcina umlomo wakho umanzi.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo ukuhlola impilo yezindlala zamathe?

Kunezivivinyo eziningana odokotela abangazihlola ukuze bahlole impilo yezindlala zakho zamathe.

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-biopsy: Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha isampula yamaseli noma izicubu ezivela endlaleni yamathe, ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa inalithi encane. Isampula bese ithunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze ihlaziywe. Uma kuthathwa i-biopsy evela endlaleni yamathe emincane, kuvame ukwenziwa i-incision encane ngaphakathi kodebe bese kususwa izindlala eziningana.
• Ukuskena kwe-salivary gland: Uma udokotela wakho esola ukuthi kunenkinga ngezindlala zakho zamathe, angase a-ode lokhu kuskena. Lokhu kusebenzisa ikhamera ekhethekile kanye ne-radioactive tracer ukuthatha izithombe zezindlala zakho zamathe. Ngaphambi kokuskena, i-tracer ifakwa emthanjeni osengalweni yakho. I-tracer ihamba ngegazi lakho iye ezindlaleni zakho zamathe. Udokotela angabe esesebenzisa izithombe ezivela kukhamera ukuze abone ukuthi ingakanani i-tracer esezindlaleni zakho zamathe. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuxilonga umlomo owomile noma izindlala zamathe ezivuvukele.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izivivinyo zezithombe, njenge-CT scans kanye ne-MRI scans, zingenziwa uma kudingeka.

Ngingazigcina kanjani izindlala zami zamathe ziphilile? (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Nakuba izinkinga zendlala yamathe zingenakuvinjelwa ngaso sonke isikhathi, kunezinto ongazenza ukuze unciphise ingozi yakho. Lona umyalezo obaluleke kakhulu okufanele uwuthathe uye ekhaya.

• Phuza amanzi amaningi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphuza okungenani amalitha angu-2-3 amanzi ngosuku.
• Uma ubhema, yeka namuhla. Ukubhema kubi empilweni yomlomo wakho kanye nomzimba wakho wonke.
• Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala.
• Uma umuthi owuthathayo ubangela ukuba umlomo wakho wome, tshela udokotela wakho ukuze athathe isinyathelo esifanele.
• Hlanza umlomo wakho kahle. Hlanza amazinyo akho kabili ngosuku bese uhlanza phakathi kwamazinyo akho (ukufaka i-flossing kungcono kakhulu).
• Uma unezimpawu zobuhlungu bendlala yamathe, ukuvuvukala, noma umlomo owomile oqhubekayo, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ungashayi indiva noma yini ebonakala incane.

Uyabona, yize izindlala zamathe ziyizitho ezincane, zenza umsebenzi omkhulu. Zigcina imilomo yethu imanzi futhi ikhululekile, futhi ziyasiza kuyo yonke inqubo yokugaya ukudla. Ngakho-ke, kungumthwalo wethu ukunakekela isitho esibaluleke kangaka.