Uyazi ngalo mvikeli omkhulu ongaphakathi emzimbeni wethu? – Konke mayelana ne-mucosa!

Wake wazibuza ukuthi yini leyo ngxenyana encane, emanzi emilonyeni yethu, emakhaleni ethu, noma emathunjini ethu? Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-mucosa . Kufana nohlobo olukhethekile lwesikhumba ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu. Empeleni kuyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu futhi emangalisayo yemizimba yethu. Ake sixoxe ngale mucosa ngendlela elula namuhla.

Iyini le mucosa? Masiyiqonde kalula!

Kalula nje, i-mucosa iyi-membrane ekhethekile emboza ingaphakathi lezitho ezahlukahlukene kanye nemigodi emzimbeni wethu evezwe endaweni engaphandle. Cabanga ngakho, umlomo wethu, impumulo, umphimbo, amaphaphu, isisu , amathumbu, kanye nesinye kumbozwe ngaphakathi yi-mucosa. Omunye wemisebenzi yayo eyinhloko ukuhlinzeka ngesivikelo . Njengoba nje isikhumba sethu sivikela umzimba ngaphandle, i-mucosa ivikela izingxenye zangaphakathi zomzimba. Akukhona lokho kuphela, le membrane inikeza ukuthambisa . Okusho ukuthi, iyasiza ukugcina lezo zingxenye zimanzi futhi zingomi. Futhi, kwezinye izindawo, le mucosa iyasiza ekumunceni izakhamzimba . Ubuwazi, sine-mucosa ephindwe izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-200 emzimbeni wethu kunesikhumba sethu! Lokho kusho ukuthi lesi yisithiyo esikhulu kunazo zonke emzimbeni wethu.

Yenziwe ngani i-mucosa? Ake simbe sijule kancane!

Lolu lwelwesi olubizwa ngokuthi i-mucosa lunezingqimba ezintathu eziyinhloko. Cabanga ngalo njengodonga olunezingqimba ezintathu. 1. I-Epithelium: Lolu ungqimba olungaphezulu, olungaphandle kakhulu lwe-mucosa. Amaseli akulolu ngqimba akhipha i-mucus ejiyile efana nejeli. Leyo mucus yiyo esivikela ezintweni ezahlukahlukene njengothuli namagciwane angena emizimbeni yethu. Lawa maseli e-epithelial azivuselela ngokushesha okukhulu. Lokho kusho ukuthi amaseli amadala ayafa futhi amaseli amasha akhiwa ngaso sonke isikhathi. Amanye amaseli e-epithelial anezinto ezincane ezifana nezinwele (cilia) . Lawa asetshenziselwa ukukhuculula izinto ezingafuneki ezingenayo bese ezilahla. 2. I-Lamina propria: Lolu ungqimba oluphakathi lwe-mucosa. I-epithelium inamathele kulesi zicubu esixhumanisayo esibizwa ngokuthi i-lamina propria. Yilapho imithambo yegazi kanye nemicu yezinzwa itholakala khona. Lolu ungqimba luhlinzeka ngegazi kanye nokudla okudingwa yi-epithelium. Futhi, amaseli amaningi esimiso sethu somzimba sokuzivikela akhona kulolu ngqimba, afuna futhi abhubhise amagciwane angena. 3. I-Muscularis mucosae: Lolu ungqimba olungaphansi kwe-mucosa. Lolu ungqimba oluncane olwakhiwe yimisipha ebushelelezi. Isebenza kakhulu esiswini sethu. Lolu ngqimba yilona oluvumela i-mucosa ukuthi yeluleke futhi ifinyele njengoba kudingeka. Kucatshangwa ukuthi lusiza izinwele ezincane (cilia) ku-epithelium ukuthi isebenze.

Yiziphi izinsizakalo ezinikezwa yi-mucosa emizimbeni yethu?

I-mucosa ifana nesivikelo emzimbeni wethu. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukusebenza njengengxenye yesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela .

• Isithiyo esivikelayo: Sivimbela izinto ezinjengamagciwane nothuli ukuthi zingangeni emzimbeni zisuka ngaphandle.
• Ukubamba nokususa: Lezi zinto ezingafuneki zibanjwa kulowo mucu onamathelayo, bese zikhishwa emzimbeni. Cabanga ngakho, uma sine-phlegm, yizinto ezibanjwe eziphuma ekhaleni nasemphinjeni wethu.
• I-Antiseptic: Le mucus iqukethe ama-antiseptic emvelo kanye namaseli omzimba alwa namagciwane.
• Ukugcotshwa: Kuvimbela umonakalo ovela ekukhuhlaneni kwezitho zomzimba.
• Isivikelo esikhethekile: I-mucosa ivikela udonga lwesisu ku-asidi enzima yesisu sethu. Futhi yi-mucosa efanayo evikela isinyi kumakhemikhali asemchameni. Uma sithatha isibeletho sabesifazane, sibiza i-mucosa lapho ngokuthi i-endometrium . Yilokhu okujiyayo ukuvikela iqanda elivundisiwe uma lifika, noma liphuma ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini njalo ngenyanga.
• Ukumunca: Kwezinye izindawo, i-mucosa nayo yenza umsebenzi wokumunca. Isibonelo, amakhemikhali asisiza ukubona iphunga amuncwa ekhaleni, kanti izakhamzimba zimuncwa endleleni yethu yokugaya ukudla nge-mucosa.

Ikuphi i-mucosa emzimbeni wethu?

I-Mucosa itholakala ezindaweni eziningi emzimbeni wethu. Ngokuyinhloko:

• Uhlelo lokugaya ukudla: Umlomo, umphimbo, umphimbo , isisu, amathumbu amancane, amathumbu amakhulu, i-anus.
• Uhlelo lokuphefumula: Amakhala, Umphimbo, Umphimbo, Amaphaphu.
• Uhlelo lokuzala: Isitho sangasese sowesifazane , isibeletho, kanye nezingxenye zepenisi emadodeni.
• Izitho zokuzwa: Amehlo (ngaphakathi kwebhola leso), Izindlebe (izingxenye ezifana nendlebe ephakathi).
• Uhlelo lomchamo: Isinye, i-urethra.

Kalula nje, izimbobo eziningi kanye neziteshi ngaphakathi komzimba ezixhunywe ezweni langaphandle ngandlela thile zimbozwe yileli mucosa.

Yiziphi izifo ezithinta i-mucosa?

Naphezu kokuba uhlelo lokuzivikela olubaluleke kangaka, i-mucosa ngezinye izikhathi ingangenwa yigciwane. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho into ethile iphula ukuzivikela kwayo bese ingena.

Cabanga nje, ngisho nomgcini wendlu yethu ngezinye izikhathi uyagula futhi adabuke. Lokhu kuyafana.

Izinkinga ezithinta i-mucosa zingaba ngezindlela eziningana:

1. Izifo ezithelelanayo ze-mucosal

I-mucosa ingangenwa yizinto ezifana namagciwane, amabhaktheriya kanye nesikhunta.

• Ezinye izibonelo zifaka phakathi i-herpes yomlomo neyobulili , izifo ze-thrush yomlomo kanye ne-genital yeast, izilonda zomlomo , isifo sezandla, izinyawo nomlomo , kanye nokutheleleka kwe-H. pylori . Ezinye izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi nazo zithinta i-mucosa.

2. Izimo zokuvuvukala kwe-mucosa

Ukuvuvukala yindlela i-mucosa esabela ngayo ekuthelelekeni noma ekulimaleni. Kubangela ukuvuvukala, ukubomvu, kanye nobuhlungu. Empeleni lokhu kuyinqubo yokuvikela umzimba. Kodwa futhi kungabangela ukungakhululeki.

• Izibonelo: I-Gastritis , i-Cystitis, i-Cervicitis , i-Esophagitis , i-Bronchitis , i-Sinusitis, isifo sesilonda se-Peptic , i-asthma , ulwelwesi lwamafinyila lomgudu wokuphefumula luyavuvukala.

3. Izifo ezibangelwa yimizimba yethu (izifo ezihlasela amasosha omzimba)

Ngezinye izikhathi amasosha ethu omzimba ahlasela ngephutha amangqamuzana anempilo ku-mucosa. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi izifo ezizimele . Lokhu kungaholela ezimweni zokuvuvukala zesikhathi eside.

• Izibonelo: Isifo se-Celiac ( ukuzwela ku-gluten), Izifo zamathumbu ezivuvukalayo (IBD) (isib. Isifo sikaCrohn), Isifo sikaBehcet .

4. Izinto ezenzeka ngenxa yokuvuvukala okungapheli (i-Fibrosis kanye nokulungiswa kwezicubu)

Uma ukuvuvukala kuqhubeka, isimo sokusha (i-fibrosis) singakhula ezicutshini ze-mucosal. Okusho ukuthi, ushintsho ezicutshini.

• Izibonelo: I-Barrett's esophagus , i-Eosinophilic Esophagitis .

5. Ukukhula kwezicubu okungajwayelekile (ama-Polyps)

Ngezinye izikhathi, ngenxa yokuvuvukala, izinguquko zezicubu, izimo zomdlavuza, noma ezinye izimbangela , ukukhula okungavamile ku-mucosa (ama-polyp) kungavela.Lezi zivame ukuba yingozi, kodwa ezinye zingaphenduka umdlavuza.

• Izibonelo: Ama-polyp esisu , ama-polyp esibeletho , ama-polyp e-Colorectal , ama-polyp empumulo .

6. Ezinye izifo ezithinta ukusebenza kwe-mucosal

Kunezinye izifo eziphazamisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-mucosa.

• I-Endometriosis: Ukukhula kolwelwesi lwesibeletho (i-endometrium) ngaphandle kwesibeletho.
• I-Cystic fibrosis: Kulesi simo, i-mucus ekhishwa yi-mucous membrane yesistimu yokuphefumula iba nkulu kakhulu futhi ivimbe izindlela zokuphefumula.
• I-Sjogren's syndrome: Lesi futhi yisifo esihlasela amasosha omzimba. Sihlasela izindlala ezenza ulwelwesi kulwelwesi. Lokhu kubangela ukoma ezindaweni ezifana nomlomo namehlo.
• Ukwehla kwesisu: Ukuphuma kolwelwesi lwesisu nge-anus.

Singalivikela kanjani i-mucosa yethu?

Cishe uyaqonda ukuthi le mucosa ibaluleke kangakanani emzimbeni wethu. Ngakho-ke ukuyigcina inempilo kubaluleke kakhulu. Enye yezindlela ezinhle kakhulu zokuvikela i-mucosa ukuphatha kahle izimo zokuvuvukala ezingamahlalakhona, uma zikhona. Ngoba ukuvuvukala okuqhubekayo kungenza buthaka isithiyo sokuvikela se-mucosa.

Khumbula njalo, uma unezinkinga noma izimpawu ezihlobene ne-mucosa (isib. izilonda zomlomo ezingapheli, ubuhlungu besisu, ubunzima bokuphefumula), kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela futhi ucele iseluleko .

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Kulungile, ngakho-ke sikhulume kakhulu nge-mucosa namuhla, akunjalo?

• I-mucosa iyi -membrane ekhethekile evikelayo emboza izitho ezingaphakathi kwemizimba yethu.
• Yenza imisebenzi eminingi ebalulekile, njengokuvikela , ukugcoba, kanye nokumunca .
• Yakhiwe ngezingqimba ezintathu : i-epithelium, i-lamina propria, kanye ne-muscularis mucosae .
• Le mucosa isuka emlonyeni wethu, emathunjini, emaphashini, kanye nasesimisweni sokuzala .
• I-mucosa ingalimala ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene, njengokutheleleka , ukuvuvukala, kanye nezifo zokuzivikela komzimba .
• Indlela yokuphila enempilo nokulawula izimo zokuvuvukala okungapheli kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvikela i-mucosa.

Ngakho-ke, ngithemba ukuthi usuyaqonda kangcono lesi sivikelo esithule esingaphakathi emzimbeni wakho. Ungakhohlwa ukumnakekela naye!