Unemibuzo mayelana nokungezwani komzimba? Woza, ake sixoxe ngodokotela we-allergy!

Ingabe nawe uzizwa ungajwayelekile uma udla ukudla okuthile? Noma ingabe unenkinga yokuphefumula uma uphefumula uthuli oluncane? Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zinto zibonakala zijwayelekile, kodwa kwabanye abantu zingaba izinkinga ezinkulu. Yilapho-ke sidinga khona usizo lukadokotela wezifo zokungezwani komzimba . Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokuthi ungubani lo 'dokotela wezifo zokungezwani komzimba' nokuthi wenzani.

Ubani udokotela wezifo ezibangelwa ukungezwani komzimba?

Kalula nje, udokotela obangela ukungezwani komzimba ngudokotela ogxile ezifweni ezithinta amasosha omzimba wethu. Cabanga ngale ndlela: sinebutho elincane lamasosha emizimbeni yethu elibizwa ngokuthi amasosha omzimba. Yilokhu okusivikela ezifweni. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi lolu hlelo luqala ukusabela ngokweqile. Yilapho kuvela khona izinkinga.

Kunezinkinga eziningana zesimiso somzimba eziphathwa yilaba odokotela ngokuyinhloko:

• Ukungezwani komzimba kanye nezinkinga zokungezwani komzimba: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amasosha omzimba ethu esabela ngokweqile entweni esiyidlayo, esiyiphefumulayo, noma esiyithintayo. Isibonelo, abanye abantu bathola ukuqubuka ngemva kokudla i-shrimp, kanti abanye baqala ukuthimula ngemva kokuthinta ikati.
• Isifuba somoya: Yilapho izindlela zomoya emaphashini ethu zivuvukala khona. Abantu abanesifuba somoya bangase babe nobunzima bokuphefumula ngokuzumayo ngenxa yezinto ezithile ezibangela lokhu, njengothuli, intuthu, noma umkhuhlane.
• Izinkinga eziyinhloko zokuntuleka kwamasosha omzimba: Lezi ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Lezi yizifo zofuzo. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi amasosha ethu omzimba angasebenzi kahle. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-200 zalezi zifo.

Ubani uDokotela Wezingane Onesifo Sokungezwani Nomzimba?

Manje ungase uzibuze ukuthi lezi zinkinga zingathinta yini nezingane ezincane. Yebo, izinsana, izingane, kanye nabantu abadala abasebasha nabo bangaba nezinkinga zokungezwani komzimba, i-asthma, kanye nezinkinga zesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela. Yilapho udokotela wezingane ezithola khona izifo zokungezwani komzimba futhi azelapha. Ufana nodokotela wabantu abadala, kodwa ugxila kakhulu ezinganeni.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-allergen kanye ne-immunologist?

Lona futhi umbuzo abantu abaningi abawubuzayo. Sivame ukusebenzisa igama elithi 'i-allergist' ukubhekisela kudokotela owelapha izinto ezifana nokungezwani komzimba kanye ne-asthma, futhi ngezinye izikhathi welapha nezifo zesimiso sokuzivikela komzimba. Bese kuthi, 'i-immunologist' umuntu ofanayo. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi 'i-immunologist' ingagxila kakhulu ekwelapheni izifo zesimiso sokuzivikela komzimba, noma ekwenzeni ucwaningo lwezokwelapha ngesimiso sokuzivikela komzimba. Ngokuvamile, laba ababili bangabantu abasensimini efanayo, okungukuthi, abantu abaneziqu 'ze-Allergist/Immunologist' .

Benzani laba bantu abanesifo sokungezwani komzimba?

Udokotela wezifo zokungezwani komzimba uxilonga futhi elaphe izinkinga ngesimiso sakho somzimba sokuzivikela. Nakhu angakwenza:

• Ukuhlolwa kokungezwani komzimba: Lokhu kuzohlola ukuthi une-allergy yini ezintweni ezifana nokudla, impova (evela otshanini, ezihlahleni, kanye nokhula), i-dander yezilwane ezifuywayo , kanye nesikhunta.
• I-asthma itholakala ngokuhlola ukusebenza kwamaphaphu.
• Imithi noma amadivayisi anqunyelwe ukuvimbela, ukwelapha, noma ukunciphisa ubukhali be-allergies kanye ne-asthma. Isibonelo, abanye abantu kungadingeka basebenzise ama-inhaler.
• Sizokweluleka ngezinguquko okudingeka uzenze endleleni yakho yokuphila ukuze ugweme izimbangela zokungezwani komzimba noma i-asthma.
• Ukwelashwa nge-immunotherapy, njengemijovo yokungezwani komzimba, kunikezwa ukunciphisa ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba. Lokhu kuhilela ukuveza umzimba kancane kancane ku-allergen.
• Kutholakala izinkinga zokuntuleka kwamandla omzimba.
• Uma uphila nesifo sokuzivikela komzimba, sincoma izindlela zokuzivikela ezifweni .
• I-Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) inikezwa njengokwelashwa kwezinye izifo zomzimba.
• Uma une-allergy emuthini obalulekile, kwenziwa inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi "Ukuqeda ukusabela kwezidakamizwa" ukuze ukwazi ukuthatha lowo muthi ngokuphephile.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zezifo ezelashwa odokotela abangezwani nokudla?

Lezi ezinye zezimo zezokwelapha ezivame kakhulu ezelashwa yilaba odokotela:

• I-allergy conjunctivitis (ukungezwani kwamehlo)
• I-rhinitis ye-allergy/umkhuhlane we-hay, owaziwa nangokuthi 'umkhuhlane we-hay'
• I-Anaphylaxis, ukusabela okukhulu kwe-allergy okungazelelwe
• I-Angioedema, ukuvuvukala ngaphansi kwesikhumba
• Isifuba somoya
• Ukungezwani nemithi
• I-Eczema isifo sesikhumba.
• Izifo ze-Eosinophilic (lapho uhlobo lweseli elimhlophe legazi elibizwa ngokuthi 'i-eosinophil' lukhula khona)
• Ukungezwani nokudla
• Ukucasuka kwesikhumba, okwaziwa nangokuthi 'ama-hives/urticaria'
• Ukungezwani nokudla okubangelwa yizinambuzane
• Ukungezwani komzimba ne-latex
• Ukutheleleka okuvamile kwe-sinus

Kungani sidinga ukubona udokotela we-allergen?

Ungase ufune nokubona udokotela onjengalona ngenxa yezizathu ezilandelayo:

• Hlola ukuthi awunazo yini izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba noma i-asthma.
• Thola ukwelashwa kwe-allergies noma i-asthma.
• Uma unesifo esithinta amasosha omzimba, silawule.

Kufanele simbone nini udokotela wezifo ezibangelwa ukungezwani komzimba?

Uma unalezi zimpawu, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wezifo ezibangelwa yi-allergen. Noma ubuze udokotela womndeni wakho (udokotela oyinhloko) uma udinga ukubona uchwepheshe onjalo.

"Ingabe kufanele sikhathazeke kancane ngalezi zimpawu?"

• Uma uhlangabezana nokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba - njengokuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukuvuvukala kobuso noma ulimi, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula.
• Une-allergies, kodwa awazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela lokhu. Isibonelo, thola ukuthi kwenzeka kuphela uma udla ukudla okuthile noma uma uthinta uthuli.
• Uma ukuthola kunzima ukulawula ukungezwani komzimba noma i-asthma yakho, ngisho nangemithi kanye nokushintsha indlela yokuphila.
• Uma ukungezwani komzimba noma i-asthma kukuvimbela ukuthi uqhubeke nempilo yakho evamile, uye emsebenzini, noma wenze izinto ozithandayo.
• Uma uvame ukukhwehlela, ukukhwehlela, noma uzizwa uphelelwa umoya – ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuzivocavoca noma ebusuku.
• Uma ugula njalo, noma uma isifo esivamile njengomkhuhlane sithatha isikhathi eside ukululama, lokhu kungasho ukuthi amasosha omzimba wakho abuthakathaka.

Kuhlolwa kanjani ukungezwani komzimba?

Udokotela wezifo zokungezwani komzimba angasebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zokuhlola ukuthola ukuthi hlobo luni lokungezwani komzimba onalo. Nazi ezinye zazo:

• Ukuhlolwa kokugwazwa/ukuklwebheka kwesikhumba: Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha inani elincane le-allergen okusolwayo bese uliklwebha ngesikhumba sakho. Bese, bafuna ukusabela, njengokubomvu nokuvuvukala. Lokhu ukuhlolwa okulula kakhulu nokusheshayo.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi:Kulokhu, kuthathwa isampula yegazi lakho bese lihlolwa elabhorethri ukuze kubonakale ukuthi unayo yini i-allergy entweni ethile.
• Ukuhlolwa kwenselele yokudla: Lokhu ukuhlolwa okudinga ukuqaphela. Kulokhu, udokotela uzokwethula kancane kancane ukudla ocabanga ukuthi une-allergy kukho, ngenkathi ebhekisisa ukuze abone ukuthi une-allergy yini. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zivivinyo zokungezwani komzimba, okulandelayo kungenzeka nalapho uvakashela udokotela:

• Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu (i-spirometry, ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu): Lokhu kuhlola ukuthi amaphaphu akho asebenza kahle kangakanani. Lokhu kuhlolwa kusiza ekuxilongeni nasekuphatheni i-asthma.
• Ukufundisa indlela yokusebenzisa imishini yezokwelapha: Udokotela wakho angakufundisa indlela yokusebenzisa imishini ngendlela efanele njenge-epinephrine injectors (ngezinye izikhathi ebizwa ngokuthi 'i-Epipen') yezinkinga zokungezwani komzimba okukhulu, ama-inhaler, kanye nama-nebulizer e-asthma.

Ungaba kanjani udokotela wezifo zokungezwani komzimba?

Lokhu kungaba yinto ongathanda ukuyazi. Ukuze ube yi-allergies eSri Lanka, udinga kuqala ukuthola iziqu zobudokotela (MBBS) esikoleni sezokwelapha. Ngemuva kwalokho, udinga ukuqedela i-internship kanye ne-post-internship njengodokotela ojwayelekile. Ngemuva kwalokho, udinga ukuthola ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile (MD) kwezokwelapha zangaphakathi noma zezingane. Ngemuva kwalokho kuqeqeshwa, ungathola olunye ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile (ukuqeqeshwa/ubungane ngemuva kwe-MD) emkhakheni we-Allergy and Immunology, uphumelele izivivinyo ezifanele futhi ube yi-allergies. Lokho kusho ukuthi lokhu kuyinto okudingeka yenziwe ngokuzinikela okukhulu nesikhathi.

Okokugcina, izinto ezimbalwa okufanele uzikhumbule

Ukungezwani komzimba, i-asthma, kanye nezifo zesimiso sokuzivikela komzimba yizimo ezingathinta impilo yethu yansuku zonke, ngezinye izikhathi zibangele ukusabela okubi kakhulu. Kodwa ungesabi . Udokotela we-allergy angakusiza ukuthi ubone izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba noma i-asthma, akunikeze imithi yokulawula izimpawu zakho, futhi akunikeze iseluleko ngokushintsha indlela yokuphila ukuze ugweme lezo zinto ezibangela lokho.

"Kalula nje, laba odokotela bayakusiza ukuthi uqonde isimo sakho, uphile naso ngempumelelo, futhi ungasivumeli siphazamise impilo yakho."

Ngakho-ke, uma ucabanga ukuthi unale nkinga, ungachithi isikhathi uye kudokotela. Khona-ke ungaphila impilo enempilo nekhululekile.

Udokotela Wezifo Zokungezwani Nomzimba, Ukungezwani Nomzimba, Isifuba, Isimiso Sokuzivikela Emzimbeni, Ukuhlolwa Kokungezwani Nomzimba, Udokotela Ochwepheshe, Udokotela Wezifo Zokungezwani Nomzimba, Ukungezwani Nomzimba, Isifuba, Isimiso Sokuzivikela Emzimbeni