Izifo Ezithelelanayo Nezifo EzithelelanayoJulayi 16, 2026🔄 Updated: Jul 16, 2026⏱ 10 min

Ingabe ubulokhu uphethwe yi-flu muva nje? Ake sithole ngokuqinisekile!

Creator: Dr. Priya Sammani
Published: 2026-07-16T13:39:47.000Z

Dr. Priya Sammani, MBBS, PG Dip. FMMedical Verification

Sawubona! Unjani? Kulezi zinsuku, umkhuhlane kanye nomkhuhlane kusakazeka yonke indawo. Ngezinye izikhathi umkhuhlane ovamile, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungaba yinto enzima kakhulu. Leyo ngenye yezinto esizokhuluma ngazo namuhla, 'umkhuhlane' noma, ngokwezokwelapha, '(umkhuhlane)'. Abantu abaningi bawubiza nangokuthi 'umkhuhlane obangelwa amagciwane'. Ngakho-ke, ake sibone imininingwane eqondile ngalo 'mkhuhlane'.

Iyini le 'flu' (umkhuhlane)?

Kalula nje, 'umkhuhlane' yisifo esibangelwa yigciwane elibizwa ngokuthi '(Umkhuhlane)' elingena emizimbeni yethu. Yisifo esithelelanayo. Uma uthola 'umkhuhlane', uba nezimpawu ezifana nekhanda elibuhlungu, izinhlungu zomzimba, umphimbo obuhlungu, kanye nomkhuhlane. Kuthinta nohlelo lokuphefumula, ngakho-ke ungase ubhekane nezinto ezifana nokukhwehlela nobunzima bokuphefumula. Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zimpawu zingaba zimbi kakhulu futhi zibe zimbi kakhulu. Ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sezulu esibandayo, okungukuthi, ngesikhathi sasebusika, lo 'mkhuhlane' usakazeka kakhulu. Khona-ke abantu abaningi bangawuthola ngesikhathi esisodwa. Sikubiza ngokuthi ubhubhane.

Yisiphi isikhathi esivame kakhulu sonyaka somkhuhlane?

Isikhathi somkhuhlane yisikhathi lapho inani lamacala omkhuhlane likhula khona. Emazweni asenyakatho yezwe (njenge-United States), lesi sikhathi sibhekwa njengesikhathi esisukela ku-Okthoba kuya kuMeyi. Inani eliphakeme kakhulu lamacala libikwa phakathi kukaDisemba noFebhuwari. Ezweni lethu, yize amacala omkhuhlane ebonakala cishe unyaka wonke, ukusabalala kwalesi sifo kuyanda ngenxa yesimo sezulu esibandayo nesemvula.

Umkhuhlane uvame kangakanani?

Umkhuhlane uyisifo esivame kakhulu. Ngisho nasezweni elifana neMelika, kulinganiselwa ukuthi abantu abaphakathi kwezigidi ezingu-20 kuya kwezingu-40 bathola umkhuhlane ngesikhathi sonyaka ngamunye womkhuhlane. Ngakho cabanga ukuthi lokhu kusakazeka ngokushesha kangakanani.

Uyini umehluko phakathi 'kwe-Flu' nomkhuhlane ovamile?

Abantu abaningi bayadida lokhu kokubili. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kokubili umkhuhlane kanye nomkhuhlane kungaba nezimpawu ezifanayo, njengokukhala kwempumulo nokukhwehlela. Kodwa umehluko omkhulu ukuthi izimpawu zomkhuhlane zivame ukuba zincane futhi ziphele ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kwezintathu. Kodwa izimpawu zomkhuhlane zingaba zimbi kakhulu, zingaba zimbi kakhulu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi zingabangela izinkinga ezinkulu. Enye into ebalulekile ukuthi lezi zifo ezimbili zibangelwa izinhlobo ezimbili ezahlukene zamagciwane.

Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi nginayo i-'Flu' noma '(COVID-19)'?

Lona umbuzo abantu abaningi abawubuzayo. Ngoba izimpawu zomkhuhlane kanye ne-COVID-19 zingafana kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, okuwukuphela kwendlela yokwazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi une-flu noma i-COVID-19 ukuhlolwa. Zombili lezi zifo zinengozi yezinkinga ezinkulu. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi lezi zifo ezimbili zibangelwa amagciwane ahlukene, odokotela basebenzisa imithi ehlukene ukuze bawaphathe.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola izinkinga ezinkulu ngenxa yomkhuhlane?

Abantu abanezimo ezithile zempilo basengozini enkulu yokuthola izinkinga ezinkulu ngenxa yomkhuhlane, okusho ukuthi kungadingeka ukuthi bangeniswe esibhedlela. Uma unezinye zezimo ezilandelayo, usengozini enkulu:

Uma une -asthma , i-COPD , noma esinye isifo samaphaphu esingamahlalakhona.
Uma unomlando wesifo sezinso, isibindi, isimiso sezinzwa, inhliziyo, noma imithambo yegazi, okuhlanganisa nesimo esifana `(uhlangothi)`.
Uma unesifo esibangela izinkinga ekusebenzeni kwemisipha, noma esenza kube nzima ukukhwehlela, ukugwinya, noma ukususa uketshezi olufana ne-mucus emgudwini wokuphefumula.
Unesifo sikashukela ((Isifo sikashukela)) Uma unesifo sikashukela .
Uma amasosha omzimba wakho ebuthakathaka (isibonelo, ngenxa ye-HIV/AIDS, umdlavuza, noma ukuthatha imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba).
Uma unesifo segazi njengesifo se-sickle cell.
Uma i-BMI yakho (Body Mass Index) ingaphezu kuka-30, kusho ukuthi uhlushwa ukukhuluphala ngokweqile .
Uma ungaphansi kweminyaka emi-5 noma ungaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala.
Uma ukhulelwe.
Uma ungaphansi kweminyaka engu-19 ubudala futhi uphuza i-aspirin njalo.
Uma uhlala esikhungweni sokunakekelwa kwesikhathi eside njengekhaya lasebekhulile.

Ziyini izimpawu 'zomkhuhlane'?

Izimpawu zomkhuhlane zivame ukuvela ngokuzumayo. Lezi yizimpawu eziyinhloko:

Imfiva
Ukugodola
Ubuhlungu bomzimba, ubuhlungu bemisipha
Ukukhwehlela
Ikhanda elibuhlungu
Umphimbo obuhlungu
Impumulo egobhozayo noma ukuminyana (`(ukuminyana)`)
Ukukhathala ngokweqile, ukuzizwa ubuthakathaka
Uhudo noma ukuhlanza (lokhu kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane)

Akudingeki ube nazo zonke lezi zimpawu ngesikhathi esisodwa. Abanye abantu bangase babe nazo ezimbalwa kuphela.

Yini ebangela umkhuhlane?

Umkhuhlane ubangelwa yigciwane elibizwa ngokuthi `(Influenza)`. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zaleli gciwane ezithelela abantu. Ziyi `(Influenza A)`, `(Influenza B)` kanye `(Influenza C)`. Kulezi, `(Influenza A)` kanye `(B)` yizinhlobo ezimbili ezivame kakhulu ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka (okungukuthi ngesikhathi sasebusika) futhi zingabangela izimpawu ezinzima. Izimpawu zegciwane `(Influenza C)` ngokuvamile azibi kakhulu, futhi akulona igciwane lesizini. Amacala abikwa cishe unyaka wonke. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa nge `(H1N1)` ("umkhuhlane wezingulube") kanye `(umkhuhlane wezinkukhu)`. Zombili ziyizinhlobo zegciwane `(Influenza A)`.

Ingabe umkhuhlane uyathelelana?

Yebo, umkhuhlane uyisifo esithathelwanayo ngempela. Lokho kusho ukuthi usakazeka usuka komunye umuntu uye komunye. Umuntu oyedwa onomkhuhlane angethelela omunye umuntu noma ababili.

Umkhuhlane udluliselwa kanjani?

Igciwane lomkhuhlane lisakazeka ngokuxhumana okuqondile noma okungaqondile nomuntu onegciwane. Kunezindlela eziningana eziyinhloko lapho umkhuhlane ungadluliselwa khona:

Uma umuntu oseduze ekhwehlela, ethimula, noma ekhuluma: Amaconsi angawela ezandleni zakho, noma angahamba emoyeni angene ekhaleni noma emlonyeni wakho. Igciwane lingahamba liye emaphashini akho.
Ngokuthinta indawo enegciwane bese uthinta ubuso bakho, impumulo, umlomo, noma amehlo: Izibonelo zalokhu zifaka phakathi izibambo zeminyango, amadeski, amakhompyutha, kanye namafoni.
Ngokuthinta izandla noma ubuso bomuntu one-flu bese uthinta ubuso bakho, impumulo, umlomo, noma amehlo.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuba nomkhuhlane ngemva kokuchayeka egciwaneni?

Uma uthelelekile ngegciwane, izimpawu zivame ukuvela zingakapheli izinsuku ezi-1 kuya kwezi-4 zokuchayeka. Lesi sikhathi sibizwa ngokuthi "isikhathi sokufukamela".

Ungawuthola kanjani umkhuhlane?

Udokotela wakho uzoxilonga umkhuhlane ngokubuza ngezimpawu zakho bese ethatha isampula ye-mucus ekhaleni lakho. Bazofaka i-swab ethambile, ende, ene-cotton tip (`(swab)`) ekhaleni lakho ukuze babheke igciwane le-`(influenza)`. Ezinye izivivinyo zingakunikeza imiphumela ngemizuzu embalwa. Noma udokotela wakho angathumela isampula elabhorethri, okungathatha usuku noma ezimbili ukuthola imiphumela.

Ulashwa kanjani umkhuhlane?

Kwezinye izimo, odokotela bangelapha umkhuhlane ngemithi yokulwa namagciwane. Le mithi inganciphisa ingozi yokugula futhi inciphise isikhathi osichitha ugula. Kodwa abantu abaningi bangasinda kumkhuhlane ngaphandle kokuthatha imithi kadokotela. Odokotela banikeza imithi yokulwa namagciwane uma:

Uma unezimpawu ezingaphansi kwamahora angu-48 ngemuva kokuqala: Le mithi ingase ingasebenzi kahle uma uyiqala ezinsukwini ezingaphezu kwezimbili ngemuva kokuqala kwezimpawu zakho. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngaleso sikhathi igciwane selivele lenze amakhophi amaningi futhi umzimba wakho usuqalile ukwenza ama-antibodies awo ukulwa nalo.
Uma unesifo esithile esiyimfihlo, noma uma usengozini yokuthola lesi sifo: Kulezi zimo, odokotela bangase bakunike imithi yokulwa namagciwane, noma ngabe izimpawu sezikhona isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora angu-48.
Uma unezimpawu ezinzima, noma ngabe sekudlule amahora angaphezu kwangu-48 selokhu waqala ukugula.
Uma uhlala noma unakekela abantu abasengozini yokuba nezinkinga ezinkulu ngenxa yomkhuhlane.

Yimiphi imithi 'yomkhuhlane'?

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zemithi yokulwa namagciwane yomkhuhlane:
(I-Oseltamivir phosphate): Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ngalokhu ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi `(Tamiflu®)`. Iza ngesimo samaphilisi noma uketshezi futhi ithathwa ngomlomo. Ngokuvamile ithathwa izinsuku eziningana.
I-Zanamivir: Lokhu kuza ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo i-Relenza®. Iphefumulwa ngomlomo kusetshenziswa i-inhaler. Ngokuvamile ithathwa izinsuku eziningana. Kodwa-ke, ayinconywa kubantu abanezinkinga zokuphefumula ezifana ne-asthma noma i-COPD.
I-Peramivir: Lokhu kutholakala ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo i-Rapivap®. Lona umuthi udokotela wakho awunikeza ngqo emthanjeni (IV). Ngokuvamile unikezwa ngesilinganiso esisodwa.
(I-Baloxavir marboxil): Lokhu kuza ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi `(Xofluza®)`. Kuthathwa ngomlomo njengephilisi noma uketshezi. Udinga ukuthatha umthamo owodwa kuphela. Kodwa-ke, akukhuthazwa uma ukhulelwe, uncelisa, ulaliswe esibhedlela, noma unezimo ezithile ezingamahlalakhona.
Okubalulekile: Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale noma yimuphi umuthi wokulwa namagciwane, kufanele wazise udokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi ezinye izimo zempilo onazo.
Imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa
Umuthi ngamunye we-antiviral ungaba nemiphumela emibi ehlukene. Kodwa-ke, imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu isicanucanu kanye nesifo sohudo. Imithi ephefumulwayo ngezinye izikhathi ingabangela i-bronchospasm, isimo lapho imigudu yomoya incipha khona ngokuzumayo bese ivaleka.
Ungazilawula kanjani izimpawu zomkhuhlane ekhaya?
Abantu abaningi bangakwazi ukulawula izimpawu zomkhuhlane ekhaya besebenzisa imithi ethengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela (OTC) kanye neminye imithi yasekhaya, ngaphandle kokufuna usizo lwezokwelapha. Nazi ezinye zazo:
Phumula kahle.
Phuza uketshezi oluningi, njengamanzi nomhluzi , ukuze uvimbele ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni .
Uma uzwa ubuhlungu emzimbeni, sebenzisa amabhodlela amanzi ashisayo noma amaphakethe okushisa.
Ungathatha imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu efana ne-`(acetaminophen)` (isib. `(Tylenol®)`), noma `(NSAIDs)` (isib. `(Advil®)`, `(Motrin®)`, `(Aleve®)`) ukuze unciphise umkhuhlane futhi unciphise ikhanda elibuhlungu kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba.
Ama-decongestant (isb., i-phenylephrine, i-pseudoephedrine) angasetshenziswa njengesifutho noma aphuzwe ngomlomo ukuze kuqedwe ikhala eligobhozayo noma ikhala elivalekile.
Ama-antitussives okukhwehlela (isib. i-dextromethorphan) angasetshenziswa ukulawula ukukhwehlela okuvamile.
Ungasebenzisa imithi (`(expectorants)`) (isb. `(guaifenesin)`) esiza ukukhipha kalula amafinyila emaphashini.
Okubalulekile: Akuyona yonke imithi ye-OTC efanele wonke umuntu. Ngakho-ke hlola njalo nodokotela wakho noma usokhemisi ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma yimuphi umuthi. Futhi, qiniseka ukuthi awuhlangani neminye imithi noma izithasiselo ozithathayo. Unganiki izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-16 i-aspirin ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela kuqala.
Ungakuvimbela kanjani ukuthola umkhuhlane?
Indlela engcono kakhulu nebaluleke kakhulu yokuzivikela kumkhuhlane ukuthola umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane minyaka yonke. Lokhu kunganikezwa njengomjovo noma njengesifutho samakhala. Igciwane lomkhuhlane lingaguquka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthola umuthi omusha njalo ngonyaka.
Kunezinye izindlela eziningana zokunciphisa ingozi yokuthola umkhuhlane:
Geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho namanzi njalo. Uma insipho namanzi kungatholakali, sebenzisa isihlanzi sezandla esinotshwala.
Mboza ikhala lakho nomlomo wakho uma ukhwehlela noma uthimula. Uma ukhwehlela noma uthimula, kwenze lokho ngendololwane noma ngethishu, kunokuba ukwenze ngqo esandleni sakho.
Hlala kude nabanye abantu uma wena noma omunye umuntu enesifo esithelelanayo njengomkhuhlane. Uma ugula futhi kufanele ube phakathi kwabanye abantu, gqoka imaski.
Gwema ukuthinta ubuso bakho, amehlo, impumulo, nomlomo njalo.
Ungabelani ngokudla, iziphuzo, izitsha, noma izitsha zokudla nabanye.
Kwenzekani uma uthola umkhuhlane?
Iningi labantu lingakwazi ukulawula izimpawu zomkhuhlane ekhaya futhi lilulame phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa kuya esontweni. Kodwa-ke, kungaba yinto engathí sina, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqapha izimpawu zakho nokufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha uma kudingeka. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma unezinkinga zempilo eziyisisekelo. Uma unemkhuhlane, kungcono ukuhlala kude nabanye abantu, ngaphandle kokufuna usizo lwezokwelapha.
Sekuyisikhathi esingakanani umkhuhlane ukhona?
Umkhuhlane ungahlala kusukela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuya cishe emavikini amabili. Izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba zivela ngokuzumayo, kodwa ziphela ngokushesha kunezinye izimpawu. Ukukhwehlela noma impumulo egobhozayo kungase kuhlale isikhathi esithile.
Umkhuhlane uthelelana isikhathi esingakanani?
Ungasakaza umkhuhlane komunye umuntu kusukela ngosuku olungaphambi kokuba uqale ukuba nezimpawu zomkhuhlane kuze kube cishe isonto ngemuva kokuqala kwezimpawu. Isikhathi esithelelanayo kakhulu yizinsuku zokuqala ezintathu kuya kwezine ngemuva kokuqala kwezimpawu.Abantu abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka kanye nezingane ezincane bangaba nesifo esithathelwanayo isikhathi eside nakakhulu.
Ngingabuyela nini emsebenzini/esikoleni?
Ukuze uvimbele ukusabalalisa umkhuhlane kwabanye, kufanele ubuyele emsebenzini noma esikoleni ngemva kokuba ungabi nomkhuhlane okungenani amahora angu-24 ngaphandle kokuthatha imithi yokwehlisa umkhuhlane. Indawo yakho yokusebenza noma isikole sakho singase sibe nemithetho ehlukile.
Izinkinga Zomkhuhlane
Igciwane lomkhuhlane ngokwalo lingabangela izinkinga, noma igciwane lingenza buthaka amasosha omzimba wakho futhi livumele amabhaktheriya ukuthi athelele izingxenye ezahlukene zomzimba wakho (ukutheleleka kwesibili). Lezi zinkinga kanye nokutheleleka kwesibili zifaka:
Ukutheleleka kwendlebe (`(Ukutheleleka kwendlebe)`)
Ukutheleleka kwe-Sinus (`(Ukutheleleka kwe-Sinus)`)
Ukutheleleka okukhulu kwamaphaphu (i-pneumonia). I-pneumonia ingabangela i-acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) kanye nezinye izimo ezisongela ukuphila.
Ukuphuphuma kwesisu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
Ukuvela kokukhubazeka kwe-neural tube (NTDs) embungwini okhula esibelethweni sikamama okhulelwe.
Bangaki abantu abafa ngenxa yomkhuhlane?
Ezweni elifana neMelika, ngesikhathi sonyaka ojwayelekile womkhuhlane, kulinganiselwa ukuthi abantu abaphakathi kuka-20,000 no-50,000 bayafa ngenxa yomkhuhlane minyaka yonke. Abanye abantu abangu-300,000 kuya ku-500,000 bangeniswa esibhedlela ngenxa yezifo ezingathi sína. Ngakho lokhu akuyona into okufanele ithathwe kalula, akunjalo?
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?
Uma ucabanga ukuthi unomkhuhlane, kubalulekile ukuhlolwa kusenesikhathi. Uma udokotela wakho ekunike imithi yokulwa namagciwane, ingase isebenze kangcono. Bona udokotela ngokushesha uma:
Uma unezimpawu zomkhuhlane futhi unesifo esithile esikubeka engcupheni enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo.
Uma izimpawu zakho zingathuthuki ngemva kwezinsuku eziyi-7 kuya kweziyi-10, noma uma unomkhuhlane izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezintathu.
Uma ukhulelwe futhi unomkhuhlane noma ezinye izimpawu 'zomkhuhlane'.
Kufanele ngiye nini egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo ( ETU )?
Uma unezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo ezimbi kakhulu, iya ekamelweni eliphuthumayo noma uthole usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha:
Umkhuhlane ophezulu (ngaphezu kuka-103 Fahrenheit/40 Celsius).
Ubunzima bokuphefumula.
Akukho noma kuncane kakhulu ukuphuma komchamo.
Ubuhlungu obungapheli besifuba noma besisu.
Ukuzizwa unesizungu njalo.
Ukudideka (`(Ukudideka)`).
Ubuhlungu obukhulu bemisipha noma ubuthakathaka.
Ukubanjwa (`(Seizures)`). (Eshu, " Seizures " isi-Tamil. Ilungiswe yaba isi-Sinhala: " / (`(I-Seizures)`)").
Umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka wesikhumba, izindebe, noma izinzipho (i-cyanosis) - Lokhu kungaba uphawu lwamazinga aphansi omoya-mpilo egazini noma ezicutshini zakho.
Uma umkhuhlane noma ukukhwehlela kuba ngcono bese kubuya.
Uma ezinye izimo zakho zempilo ziba zimbi kakhulu.
Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?
Ngingawuthatha kanjani umuthi wami?
Yimiphi imithi engathengwa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela (engathengwa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela) engingayisebenzisa?
Ngingazelapha kanjani izimpawu zami ekhaya?
Yiziphi izimpawu ezinzima okufanele ngiziqaphele?
Kufanele ngiye nini egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo?
Kufanele ngize nini ukukubona futhi?
Kuzongithatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi ngilulame?
Ingabe 'umkhuhlane wesisu' ubizwa nangokuthi '(umkhuhlane)'?
Cha. Isifo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Gastroenteritis)` yilokho okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi ``umkhuhlane wesisu''. Asibangelwa yigciwane `(Umkhuhlane)`. Asinalutho oluhlobene `nomkhuhlane' wesizini.
Ekugcineni, umyalezo okufanele uwuthathe uye ekhaya:
Nakuba umkhuhlane uyisifo esivame kakhulu, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ungabangela izinkinga ezisongela impilo. Ukuthola umjovo womkhuhlane kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela ukugula nokuvikela abathandekayo bakho nomakhelwane. Uma unezinkinga zempilo eziyisisekelo noma ukhulelwe, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezindlela zokunciphisa ingozi yakho yokuthola umkhuhlane. Ukuthola umkhuhlane akumnandi neze, kodwa abantu abaningi bangalulama kuwo ngokuhlala ekhaya, mhlawumbe ubukele i-movie enhle noma ukuphuza isobho lenkukhu. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile njalo ukuqaphela izici eziyingozi.

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

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Izifo Ezithelelanayo Nezifo EzithelelanayoJulayi 16, 2026
Ingabe ubulokhu uphethwe yi-flu muva nje? Ake sithole ngokuqinisekile!
Dr. Priya SammaniMedical Verification
⏱ 10 min read
📋Table of Contents
1. Iyini le 'flu' (umkhuhlane)?
2. Yisiphi isikhathi esivame kakhulu sonyaka somkhuhlane?
3. Umkhuhlane uvame kangakanani?
4. Uyini umehluko phakathi 'kwe-Flu' nomkhuhlane ovamile?
5. Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi nginayo i-'Flu' noma '(COVID-19)'?
6. Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola izinkinga ezinkulu ngenxa yomkhuhlane?
7. Ziyini izimpawu 'zomkhuhlane'?
8. Yini ebangela umkhuhlane?
9. Ingabe umkhuhlane uyathelelana?
10. Umkhuhlane udluliselwa kanjani?
11. Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuba nomkhuhlane ngemva kokuchayeka egciwaneni?
12. Ungawuthola kanjani umkhuhlane?
13. Ulashwa kanjani umkhuhlane?
14. Yimiphi imithi 'yomkhuhlane'?
15. Imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa
16. Ungazilawula kanjani izimpawu zomkhuhlane ekhaya?
17. Ungakuvimbela kanjani ukuthola umkhuhlane?
18. Kwenzekani uma uthola umkhuhlane?
19. Sekuyisikhathi esingakanani umkhuhlane ukhona?
20. Umkhuhlane uthelelana isikhathi esingakanani?
21. Ngingabuyela nini emsebenzini/esikoleni?
22. Izinkinga Zomkhuhlane
23. Bangaki abantu abafa ngenxa yomkhuhlane?
24. Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?
25. Kufanele ngiye nini egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo ( ETU )?
26. Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?
27. Ingabe 'umkhuhlane wesisu' ubizwa nangokuthi '(umkhuhlane)'?
28. Ekugcineni, umyalezo okufanele uwuthathe uye ekhaya:
Sawubona! Unjani? Kulezi zinsuku, umkhuhlane kanye nomkhuhlane kusakazeka yonke indawo. Ngezinye izikhathi umkhuhlane ovamile, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungaba yinto enzima kakhulu. Leyo ngenye yezinto esizokhuluma ngazo namuhla, 'umkhuhlane' noma, ngokwezokwelapha, '(umkhuhlane)'. Abantu abaningi bawubiza nangokuthi 'umkhuhlane obangelwa amagciwane'. Ngakho-ke, ake sibone imininingwane eqondile ngalo 'mkhuhlane'.
Iyini le 'flu' (umkhuhlane)?
Kalula nje, 'umkhuhlane' yisifo esibangelwa yigciwane elibizwa ngokuthi '(Umkhuhlane)' elingena emizimbeni yethu. Yisifo esithelelanayo. Uma uthola 'umkhuhlane', uba nezimpawu ezifana nekhanda elibuhlungu, izinhlungu zomzimba, umphimbo obuhlungu, kanye nomkhuhlane. Kuthinta nohlelo lokuphefumula, ngakho-ke ungase ubhekane nezinto ezifana nokukhwehlela nobunzima bokuphefumula. Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zimpawu zingaba zimbi kakhulu futhi zibe zimbi kakhulu. Ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sezulu esibandayo, okungukuthi, ngesikhathi sasebusika, lo 'mkhuhlane' usakazeka kakhulu. Khona-ke abantu abaningi bangawuthola ngesikhathi esisodwa. Sikubiza ngokuthi ubhubhane.
Yisiphi isikhathi esivame kakhulu sonyaka somkhuhlane?
Isikhathi somkhuhlane yisikhathi lapho inani lamacala omkhuhlane likhula khona. Emazweni asenyakatho yezwe (njenge-United States), lesi sikhathi sibhekwa njengesikhathi esisukela ku-Okthoba kuya kuMeyi. Inani eliphakeme kakhulu lamacala libikwa phakathi kukaDisemba noFebhuwari. Ezweni lethu, yize amacala omkhuhlane ebonakala cishe unyaka wonke, ukusabalala kwalesi sifo kuyanda ngenxa yesimo sezulu esibandayo nesemvula.
Umkhuhlane uvame kangakanani?
Umkhuhlane uyisifo esivame kakhulu. Ngisho nasezweni elifana neMelika, kulinganiselwa ukuthi abantu abaphakathi kwezigidi ezingu-20 kuya kwezingu-40 bathola umkhuhlane ngesikhathi sonyaka ngamunye womkhuhlane. Ngakho cabanga ukuthi lokhu kusakazeka ngokushesha kangakanani.
Uyini umehluko phakathi 'kwe-Flu' nomkhuhlane ovamile?
Abantu abaningi bayadida lokhu kokubili. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kokubili umkhuhlane kanye nomkhuhlane kungaba nezimpawu ezifanayo, njengokukhala kwempumulo nokukhwehlela. Kodwa umehluko omkhulu ukuthi izimpawu zomkhuhlane zivame ukuba zincane futhi ziphele ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kwezintathu. Kodwa izimpawu zomkhuhlane zingaba zimbi kakhulu, zingaba zimbi kakhulu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi zingabangela izinkinga ezinkulu. Enye into ebalulekile ukuthi lezi zifo ezimbili zibangelwa izinhlobo ezimbili ezahlukene zamagciwane.
Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi nginayo i-'Flu' noma '(COVID-19)'?
Lona umbuzo abantu abaningi abawubuzayo. Ngoba izimpawu zomkhuhlane kanye ne-COVID-19 zingafana kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, okuwukuphela kwendlela yokwazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi une-flu noma i-COVID-19 ukuhlolwa. Zombili lezi zifo zinengozi yezinkinga ezinkulu. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi lezi zifo ezimbili zibangelwa amagciwane ahlukene, odokotela basebenzisa imithi ehlukene ukuze bawaphathe.
Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola izinkinga ezinkulu ngenxa yomkhuhlane?
Abantu abanezimo ezithile zempilo basengozini enkulu yokuthola izinkinga ezinkulu ngenxa yomkhuhlane, okusho ukuthi kungadingeka ukuthi bangeniswe esibhedlela. Uma unezinye zezimo ezilandelayo, usengozini enkulu:
Uma une -asthma , i-COPD , noma esinye isifo samaphaphu esingamahlalakhona.
Uma unomlando wesifo sezinso, isibindi, isimiso sezinzwa, inhliziyo, noma imithambo yegazi, okuhlanganisa nesimo esifana `(uhlangothi)`.
Uma unesifo esibangela izinkinga ekusebenzeni kwemisipha, noma esenza kube nzima ukukhwehlela, ukugwinya, noma ukususa uketshezi olufana ne-mucus emgudwini wokuphefumula.
Unesifo sikashukela ((Isifo sikashukela)) Uma unesifo sikashukela .
Uma amasosha omzimba wakho ebuthakathaka (isibonelo, ngenxa ye-HIV/AIDS, umdlavuza, noma ukuthatha imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba).
Uma unesifo segazi njengesifo se-sickle cell.
Uma i-BMI yakho (Body Mass Index) ingaphezu kuka-30, kusho ukuthi uhlushwa ukukhuluphala ngokweqile .
Uma ungaphansi kweminyaka emi-5 noma ungaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala.
Uma ukhulelwe.
Uma ungaphansi kweminyaka engu-19 ubudala futhi uphuza i-aspirin njalo.
Uma uhlala esikhungweni sokunakekelwa kwesikhathi eside njengekhaya lasebekhulile.
Ziyini izimpawu 'zomkhuhlane'?
Izimpawu zomkhuhlane zivame ukuvela ngokuzumayo. Lezi yizimpawu eziyinhloko:
Imfiva
Ukugodola
Ubuhlungu bomzimba, ubuhlungu bemisipha
Ukukhwehlela
Ikhanda elibuhlungu
Umphimbo obuhlungu
Impumulo egobhozayo noma ukuminyana (`(ukuminyana)`)
Ukukhathala ngokweqile, ukuzizwa ubuthakathaka
Uhudo noma ukuhlanza (lokhu kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane)
Akudingeki ube nazo zonke lezi zimpawu ngesikhathi esisodwa. Abanye abantu bangase babe nazo ezimbalwa kuphela.
Yini ebangela umkhuhlane?
Umkhuhlane ubangelwa yigciwane elibizwa ngokuthi `(Influenza)`. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zaleli gciwane ezithelela abantu. Ziyi `(Influenza A)`, `(Influenza B)` kanye `(Influenza C)`. Kulezi, `(Influenza A)` kanye `(B)` yizinhlobo ezimbili ezivame kakhulu ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka (okungukuthi ngesikhathi sasebusika) futhi zingabangela izimpawu ezinzima. Izimpawu zegciwane `(Influenza C)` ngokuvamile azibi kakhulu, futhi akulona igciwane lesizini. Amacala abikwa cishe unyaka wonke. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa nge `(H1N1)` ("umkhuhlane wezingulube") kanye `(umkhuhlane wezinkukhu)`. Zombili ziyizinhlobo zegciwane `(Influenza A)`.
Ingabe umkhuhlane uyathelelana?
Yebo, umkhuhlane uyisifo esithathelwanayo ngempela. Lokho kusho ukuthi usakazeka usuka komunye umuntu uye komunye. Umuntu oyedwa onomkhuhlane angethelela omunye umuntu noma ababili.
Umkhuhlane udluliselwa kanjani?
Igciwane lomkhuhlane lisakazeka ngokuxhumana okuqondile noma okungaqondile nomuntu onegciwane. Kunezindlela eziningana eziyinhloko lapho umkhuhlane ungadluliselwa khona:
Uma umuntu oseduze ekhwehlela, ethimula, noma ekhuluma: Amaconsi angawela ezandleni zakho, noma angahamba emoyeni angene ekhaleni noma emlonyeni wakho. Igciwane lingahamba liye emaphashini akho.
Ngokuthinta indawo enegciwane bese uthinta ubuso bakho, impumulo, umlomo, noma amehlo: Izibonelo zalokhu zifaka phakathi izibambo zeminyango, amadeski, amakhompyutha, kanye namafoni.
Ngokuthinta izandla noma ubuso bomuntu one-flu bese uthinta ubuso bakho, impumulo, umlomo, noma amehlo.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuba nomkhuhlane ngemva kokuchayeka egciwaneni?
Uma uthelelekile ngegciwane, izimpawu zivame ukuvela zingakapheli izinsuku ezi-1 kuya kwezi-4 zokuchayeka. Lesi sikhathi sibizwa ngokuthi "isikhathi sokufukamela".
Ungawuthola kanjani umkhuhlane?
Udokotela wakho uzoxilonga umkhuhlane ngokubuza ngezimpawu zakho bese ethatha isampula ye-mucus ekhaleni lakho. Bazofaka i-swab ethambile, ende, ene-cotton tip (`(swab)`) ekhaleni lakho ukuze babheke igciwane le-`(influenza)`. Ezinye izivivinyo zingakunikeza imiphumela ngemizuzu embalwa. Noma udokotela wakho angathumela isampula elabhorethri, okungathatha usuku noma ezimbili ukuthola imiphumela.
Ulashwa kanjani umkhuhlane?
Kwezinye izimo, odokotela bangelapha umkhuhlane ngemithi yokulwa namagciwane. Le mithi inganciphisa ingozi yokugula futhi inciphise isikhathi osichitha ugula. Kodwa abantu abaningi bangasinda kumkhuhlane ngaphandle kokuthatha imithi kadokotela. Odokotela banikeza imithi yokulwa namagciwane uma:
Uma unezimpawu ezingaphansi kwamahora angu-48 ngemuva kokuqala: Le mithi ingase ingasebenzi kahle uma uyiqala ezinsukwini ezingaphezu kwezimbili ngemuva kokuqala kwezimpawu zakho. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngaleso sikhathi igciwane selivele lenze amakhophi amaningi futhi umzimba wakho usuqalile ukwenza ama-antibodies awo ukulwa nalo.
Uma unesifo esithile esiyimfihlo, noma uma usengozini yokuthola lesi sifo: Kulezi zimo, odokotela bangase bakunike imithi yokulwa namagciwane, noma ngabe izimpawu sezikhona isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora angu-48.
Uma unezimpawu ezinzima, noma ngabe sekudlule amahora angaphezu kwangu-48 selokhu waqala ukugula.
Uma uhlala noma unakekela abantu abasengozini yokuba nezinkinga ezinkulu ngenxa yomkhuhlane.
Yimiphi imithi 'yomkhuhlane'?
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zemithi yokulwa namagciwane yomkhuhlane:
(I-Oseltamivir phosphate): Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ngalokhu ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi `(Tamiflu®)`. Iza ngesimo samaphilisi noma uketshezi futhi ithathwa ngomlomo. Ngokuvamile ithathwa izinsuku eziningana.
I-Zanamivir: Lokhu kuza ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo i-Relenza®. Iphefumulwa ngomlomo kusetshenziswa i-inhaler. Ngokuvamile ithathwa izinsuku eziningana. Kodwa-ke, ayinconywa kubantu abanezinkinga zokuphefumula ezifana ne-asthma noma i-COPD.
I-Peramivir: Lokhu kutholakala ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo i-Rapivap®. Lona umuthi udokotela wakho awunikeza ngqo emthanjeni (IV). Ngokuvamile unikezwa ngesilinganiso esisodwa.
(I-Baloxavir marboxil): Lokhu kuza ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi `(Xofluza®)`. Kuthathwa ngomlomo njengephilisi noma uketshezi. Udinga ukuthatha umthamo owodwa kuphela. Kodwa-ke, akukhuthazwa uma ukhulelwe, uncelisa, ulaliswe esibhedlela, noma unezimo ezithile ezingamahlalakhona.
Okubalulekile: Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale noma yimuphi umuthi wokulwa namagciwane, kufanele wazise udokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi ezinye izimo zempilo onazo.
Imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa
Umuthi ngamunye we-antiviral ungaba nemiphumela emibi ehlukene. Kodwa-ke, imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu isicanucanu kanye nesifo sohudo. Imithi ephefumulwayo ngezinye izikhathi ingabangela i-bronchospasm, isimo lapho imigudu yomoya incipha khona ngokuzumayo bese ivaleka.
Ungazilawula kanjani izimpawu zomkhuhlane ekhaya?
Abantu abaningi bangakwazi ukulawula izimpawu zomkhuhlane ekhaya besebenzisa imithi ethengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela (OTC) kanye neminye imithi yasekhaya, ngaphandle kokufuna usizo lwezokwelapha. Nazi ezinye zazo:
Phumula kahle.
Phuza uketshezi oluningi, njengamanzi nomhluzi , ukuze uvimbele ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni .
Uma uzwa ubuhlungu emzimbeni, sebenzisa amabhodlela amanzi ashisayo noma amaphakethe okushisa.
Ungathatha imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu efana ne-`(acetaminophen)` (isib. `(Tylenol®)`), noma `(NSAIDs)` (isib. `(Advil®)`, `(Motrin®)`, `(Aleve®)`) ukuze unciphise umkhuhlane futhi unciphise ikhanda elibuhlungu kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba.
Ama-decongestant (isb., i-phenylephrine, i-pseudoephedrine) angasetshenziswa njengesifutho noma aphuzwe ngomlomo ukuze kuqedwe ikhala eligobhozayo noma ikhala elivalekile.
Ama-antitussives okukhwehlela (isib. i-dextromethorphan) angasetshenziswa ukulawula ukukhwehlela okuvamile.
Ungasebenzisa imithi (`(expectorants)`) (isb. `(guaifenesin)`) esiza ukukhipha kalula amafinyila emaphashini.
Okubalulekile: Akuyona yonke imithi ye-OTC efanele wonke umuntu. Ngakho-ke hlola njalo nodokotela wakho noma usokhemisi ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma yimuphi umuthi. Futhi, qiniseka ukuthi awuhlangani neminye imithi noma izithasiselo ozithathayo. Unganiki izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-16 i-aspirin ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela kuqala.
Ungakuvimbela kanjani ukuthola umkhuhlane?
Indlela engcono kakhulu nebaluleke kakhulu yokuzivikela kumkhuhlane ukuthola umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane minyaka yonke. Lokhu kunganikezwa njengomjovo noma njengesifutho samakhala. Igciwane lomkhuhlane lingaguquka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthola umuthi omusha njalo ngonyaka.
Kunezinye izindlela eziningana zokunciphisa ingozi yokuthola umkhuhlane:
Geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho namanzi njalo. Uma insipho namanzi kungatholakali, sebenzisa isihlanzi sezandla esinotshwala.
Mboza ikhala lakho nomlomo wakho uma ukhwehlela noma uthimula. Uma ukhwehlela noma uthimula, kwenze lokho ngendololwane noma ngethishu, kunokuba ukwenze ngqo esandleni sakho.
Hlala kude nabanye abantu uma wena noma omunye umuntu enesifo esithelelanayo njengomkhuhlane. Uma ugula futhi kufanele ube phakathi kwabanye abantu, gqoka imaski.
Gwema ukuthinta ubuso bakho, amehlo, impumulo, nomlomo njalo.
Ungabelani ngokudla, iziphuzo, izitsha, noma izitsha zokudla nabanye.
Kwenzekani uma uthola umkhuhlane?
Iningi labantu lingakwazi ukulawula izimpawu zomkhuhlane ekhaya futhi lilulame phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa kuya esontweni. Kodwa-ke, kungaba yinto engathí sina, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqapha izimpawu zakho nokufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha uma kudingeka. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma unezinkinga zempilo eziyisisekelo. Uma unemkhuhlane, kungcono ukuhlala kude nabanye abantu, ngaphandle kokufuna usizo lwezokwelapha.
Sekuyisikhathi esingakanani umkhuhlane ukhona?
Umkhuhlane ungahlala kusukela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuya cishe emavikini amabili. Izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba zivela ngokuzumayo, kodwa ziphela ngokushesha kunezinye izimpawu. Ukukhwehlela noma impumulo egobhozayo kungase kuhlale isikhathi esithile.
Umkhuhlane uthelelana isikhathi esingakanani?
Ungasakaza umkhuhlane komunye umuntu kusukela ngosuku olungaphambi kokuba uqale ukuba nezimpawu zomkhuhlane kuze kube cishe isonto ngemuva kokuqala kwezimpawu. Isikhathi esithelelanayo kakhulu yizinsuku zokuqala ezintathu kuya kwezine ngemuva kokuqala kwezimpawu.Abantu abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka kanye nezingane ezincane bangaba nesifo esithathelwanayo isikhathi eside nakakhulu.
Ngingabuyela nini emsebenzini/esikoleni?
Ukuze uvimbele ukusabalalisa umkhuhlane kwabanye, kufanele ubuyele emsebenzini noma esikoleni ngemva kokuba ungabi nomkhuhlane okungenani amahora angu-24 ngaphandle kokuthatha imithi yokwehlisa umkhuhlane. Indawo yakho yokusebenza noma isikole sakho singase sibe nemithetho ehlukile.
Izinkinga Zomkhuhlane
Igciwane lomkhuhlane ngokwalo lingabangela izinkinga, noma igciwane lingenza buthaka amasosha omzimba wakho futhi livumele amabhaktheriya ukuthi athelele izingxenye ezahlukene zomzimba wakho (ukutheleleka kwesibili). Lezi zinkinga kanye nokutheleleka kwesibili zifaka:
Ukutheleleka kwendlebe (`(Ukutheleleka kwendlebe)`)
Ukutheleleka kwe-Sinus (`(Ukutheleleka kwe-Sinus)`)
Ukutheleleka okukhulu kwamaphaphu (i-pneumonia). I-pneumonia ingabangela i-acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) kanye nezinye izimo ezisongela ukuphila.
Ukuphuphuma kwesisu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
Ukuvela kokukhubazeka kwe-neural tube (NTDs) embungwini okhula esibelethweni sikamama okhulelwe.
Bangaki abantu abafa ngenxa yomkhuhlane?
Ezweni elifana neMelika, ngesikhathi sonyaka ojwayelekile womkhuhlane, kulinganiselwa ukuthi abantu abaphakathi kuka-20,000 no-50,000 bayafa ngenxa yomkhuhlane minyaka yonke. Abanye abantu abangu-300,000 kuya ku-500,000 bangeniswa esibhedlela ngenxa yezifo ezingathi sína. Ngakho lokhu akuyona into okufanele ithathwe kalula, akunjalo?
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?
Uma ucabanga ukuthi unomkhuhlane, kubalulekile ukuhlolwa kusenesikhathi. Uma udokotela wakho ekunike imithi yokulwa namagciwane, ingase isebenze kangcono. Bona udokotela ngokushesha uma:
Uma unezimpawu zomkhuhlane futhi unesifo esithile esikubeka engcupheni enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo.
Uma izimpawu zakho zingathuthuki ngemva kwezinsuku eziyi-7 kuya kweziyi-10, noma uma unomkhuhlane izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezintathu.
Uma ukhulelwe futhi unomkhuhlane noma ezinye izimpawu 'zomkhuhlane'.
Kufanele ngiye nini egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo ( ETU )?
Uma unezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo ezimbi kakhulu, iya ekamelweni eliphuthumayo noma uthole usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha:
Umkhuhlane ophezulu (ngaphezu kuka-103 Fahrenheit/40 Celsius).
Ubunzima bokuphefumula.
Akukho noma kuncane kakhulu ukuphuma komchamo.
Ubuhlungu obungapheli besifuba noma besisu.
Ukuzizwa unesizungu njalo.
Ukudideka (`(Ukudideka)`).
Ubuhlungu obukhulu bemisipha noma ubuthakathaka.
Ukubanjwa (`(Seizures)`). (Eshu, " Seizures " isi-Tamil. Ilungiswe yaba isi-Sinhala: " / (`(I-Seizures)`)").
Umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka wesikhumba, izindebe, noma izinzipho (i-cyanosis) - Lokhu kungaba uphawu lwamazinga aphansi omoya-mpilo egazini noma ezicutshini zakho.
Uma umkhuhlane noma ukukhwehlela kuba ngcono bese kubuya.
Uma ezinye izimo zakho zempilo ziba zimbi kakhulu.
Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?
Ngingawuthatha kanjani umuthi wami?
Yimiphi imithi engathengwa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela (engathengwa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela) engingayisebenzisa?
Ngingazelapha kanjani izimpawu zami ekhaya?
Yiziphi izimpawu ezinzima okufanele ngiziqaphele?
Kufanele ngiye nini egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo?
Kufanele ngize nini ukukubona futhi?
Kuzongithatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi ngilulame?
Ingabe 'umkhuhlane wesisu' ubizwa nangokuthi '(umkhuhlane)'?
Cha. Isifo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Gastroenteritis)` yilokho okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi ``umkhuhlane wesisu''. Asibangelwa yigciwane `(Umkhuhlane)`. Asinalutho oluhlobene `nomkhuhlane' wesizini.
Ekugcineni, umyalezo okufanele uwuthathe uye ekhaya:
Nakuba umkhuhlane uyisifo esivame kakhulu, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ungabangela izinkinga ezisongela impilo. Ukuthola umjovo womkhuhlane kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela ukugula nokuvikela abathandekayo bakho nomakhelwane. Uma unezinkinga zempilo eziyisisekelo noma ukhulelwe, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezindlela zokunciphisa ingozi yakho yokuthola umkhuhlane. Ukuthola umkhuhlane akumnandi neze, kodwa abantu abaningi bangalulama kuwo ngokuhlala ekhaya, mhlawumbe ubukele i-movie enhle noma ukuphuza isobho lenkukhu. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile njalo ukuqaphela izici eziyingozi.
⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.
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