Ingabe ingane yakho ayikwazi ukuhlala endaweni eyodwa? Noma ingabe ukuthola kunzima kakhulu ukugxila kokuthile? Uma ubona lezi zimpawu, abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi lokhu kungaba yi-ADHD ( Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ). Yiqiniso, lezi yizimpawu eziyinhloko ze-ADHD. Kodwa imbangela ayifani ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngezinye izikhathi, kungaba nezinye izinkinga eziningana zempilo ezibonisa izimpawu ezifana kakhulu ne-ADHD, noma ezenzeka kanye ne-ADHD. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwezokwelapha ukuze uthole ukuthi kwenzekani ngempela. Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngalokhu ngokujulile.
Yiziphi ezinye izimo ezisikhohlisayo ukuze sicabange ukuthi ziyi-ADHD?
Uma umuntu esola ukuthi angase abe nezimpawu ze-ADHD, kubalulekile ukuthola ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwezokwelapha, okuhlanganisa nokuhlolwa ngokomzimba, ukuze kutholakale ukuthi imbangela yi-ADHD noma okunye. Kunezinye izimo eziningi ezingabangela ukuziphatha okufana ne-ADHD.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela oqeqeshiwe, hhayi ukuzama ukuzixilonga ngokubheka kwi-inthanethi.
Ake sibheke ithebula elingezansi ukuze sibone ukuthi yiziphi izimo ezibukeka njenge -ADHD kodwa ezingafani.
| Isimo / Isizathu | Lokho kubonakala kanjani njenge-ADHD? |
|---|---|
| Ushintsho oluzumayo empilweni (isib., isenzakalo esibuhlungu, isehlukaniso, ukufa emndenini) | Ukucindezeleka okukhulu nokudabuka okubangelwa yilezi zinto kungaholela ekungagxilini kahle engqondweni, ekungaphumulini nasekuphazamisekeni. Lokhu kufana nezimpawu ze-ADHD. |
| Ukuquleka okungatholakalanga | Kwezinye izinhlobo zesifo sokuwa (isib., ukuquleka okungenaso isikhathi), umuntu ubonakala elele imizuzwana embalwa. Kubonakala sengathi akaqondi kahle futhi usezweni lamaphupho. |
| Izinkinga ze-thyroid | Uma indlala yegilo isebenza ngokweqile (i-Hyperthyroidism), izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo liyakhuphuka, uzizwa ungahlaliseki, futhi kuba nzima ukuhlala endaweni eyodwa. Lokhu kufana nezimpawu ze-ADHD ezisebenza ngokweqile. |
| Ubuthi be-lead | Umthofu, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni, ungathinta intuthuko yobuchopho futhi ubangele ukukhubazeka kokufunda, ukungakwazi ukunaka, kanye nezinkinga zokuziphatha. |
| Izinkinga zokulala | Cabanga ngakho, ubungazizwa kanjani uma ungalalanga kahle izinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu? Awukwazi ukugxila, uyacasuka, uzizwa ukhathele kakhulu. Ukungalali kahle kungaholela ekunganaki, okuwuphawu oluyinhloko lwe-ADHD. |
| Ukukhathazeka Nokucindezeleka | Uma uhlala ukhathazekile futhi wesaba (ukukhathazeka), kunzima ukugxila engqondweni yakho. Ngokufanayo, uma ungajabule futhi ungenasithakazelo kunoma yini (ukucindezeleka), kunzima nokugxila emsebenzini. Zombili lezi zinto zingadidaniswa nezimpawu zokunganaki ze-ADHD. |
| Ukukhubazeka kokufunda | Ingane enenkinga yokufunda noma yokubhala (njenge-dyslexia) ingase ikhungatheke futhi iziphathe kabi ekilasini ngoba ayikwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wayo wesikole. Lokhu kungaphambaniswa ne-ADHD. |
| Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa noma utshwala | Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa notshwala kuthinta ngqo izingxenye zobuchopho ezilawula ukunaka kanye nemizwa, futhi izimpawu zingafana kakhulu ne-ADHD. |
Izimo ezikhona kanye ne-ADHD
Manje sesikhulume ngezimo ezingaphambaniswa ne-ADHD. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, umuntu angaba ne-ADHD futhi abe nesinye isimo noma ezinye izimo ngesikhathi esisodwa. Lezi sizibiza ngokuthi izimo ezikhona ndawonye. Eqinisweni, izifundo zithole ukuthi cishe ama-75% abantu abadala abane-ADHD banesinye isimo esenza kube nzima ukuxilongwa nokuphathwa kwe-ADHD.
Lezi zimo zingase zihluke phakathi kwezingane nabantu abadala.
| Ukugula | Indlela evame kakhulu ngayo |
|---|---|
| Phakathi kwabantu abadala abane- ADHD | |
| Ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa | Izimo ezinjengokucindezeleka kanye nesifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo esibizwa ngokuthi i-bipolar disorder zithinta abantu abadala abaphakathi kuka-19% no-37% abane-ADHD. |
| Ukukhathazeka | Phakathi kuka-25% no-50% wabantu abadala abane-ADHD bahlushwa ukukhathazeka. |
| Ukulutheka kotshwala | Kutholakale ukuthi phakathi kuka-32% no-53% wabantu abadala abane-ADHD basebenzisa kabi utshwala. |
| Okunye ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa | Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezifana nensangu kanye ne-cocaine kuphakathi kuka-8% no-32%. |
| Phakathi kwezingane ezine-ADHD | |
| Ukukhubazeka kokufunda | Ubunzima esikoleni buvamile. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ingane eyodwa kwezinhlanu inokukhubazeka kokufunda. |
| Izinkinga zokuziphatha (Ukuziphatha/Ukuphazamiseka Kokuphikisa Okuphikisayo) | Lokhu kusho ukuziphatha okwephula imithetho, okuhlukumeza abanye, okunolaka, noma okuwubugebengu. Lokhu kuvamile ku-ADHD. |
| Ukucindezeleka nokukhathazeka | Lezi zimo zivamile kubantu abadala kanye nezingane ngokufanayo. Zingabhebhethekiswa izinkinga ngomsebenzi wesikole kanye nobungane. |
| Izinkinga nontanga | Kutholakale ukuthi u-21% wezingane ezine-ADHD zinokuziphatha okuphazamisa ubungane (uma kuqhathaniswa no-2% kuphela wezingane ezingenayo i-ADHD). Lokhu kubabeka engcupheni enkulu yokuthuthukisa ukucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka, ukusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa, kanye nokungalaleli njengoba bekhula. |
Ngakho-ke kufanele senzeni?
Ngemva kokufunda konke lokhu, cishe uyaqonda ukuthi ngoba nje othile ethi, "Anginaki, ngiyisiwula," akusho ukuthi yi-ADHD. Futhi, uma une-ADHD, usuyazi manje ukuthi kungase kube nezinye izinkinga kanye nayo.
Ngakho-ke, uma usola ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho ine-ADHD, sicela ungenzi izinqumo wedwa. Into engcono kakhulu nephephile ongayenza ukubona udokotela ofanelekayo, okungcono udokotela wezingane noma wezifo zengqondo , ukuze ahlolwe ngokuphelele. Yilapho-ke kuphela lapho ungazi khona ukuthi iyini imbangela yangempela yalezi zimpawu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yi-ADHD yodwa noma inesinye isimo, bese uqala uhlelo lokwelapha olufanele kakhulu kuwe noma enganeni yakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Izimpawu ezifana ne-ADHD zingabangelwa nezinye izinkinga eziningi zempilo, njengezinkinga zokulala, isifo se-thyroid, kanye nokucindezeleka.
- Abantu abaningi abane-ADHD (kokubili izingane kanye nabantu abadala) banamathuba amaningi okuba nesinye isimo, njengokukhathazeka, ukucindezeleka , noma ukukhubazeka kokufunda.
- Ungazihlolisisi ngokusekelwe kulokho okufundile ku-inthanethi noma kumahemuhemu. Uma ubhekene nezimpawu ze-ADHD, qiniseka ukuthi ufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.
- Ukuxilongwa okunembile kuyindlela kuphela yokunquma uhlelo lokwelashwa olufanele kakhulu nolufanele wena noma ingane yakho.
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