Ingabe nawe unenkinga yokuqeda umsebenzi? Ingabe uzizwa ungakhululekile, ungakhululekile, futhi uthambekele ekwenzeni izinqumo eziphuthumayo? Noma ucabanga ukuthi ingane yakho imatasa kakhulu futhi ayinaso isifiso? Lokhu kungaba izimpawu zesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-ADHD ( Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ). Ngakho-ke, enye yezindlela zokwelapha eziyinhloko nezisetshenziswa kakhulu kulokhu imithi evuselelayo. Le mithi ingakusiza ukulawula izimpawu zakho. Ake sixoxe ngakho konke ngamagama alula namuhla.
Yimiphi le mithi evuselelayo?
Kalula nje, lo muthi usiza ukulawula izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-ADHD. Okungukuthi:
- Ubunzima bokugcina ukunaka (isikhathi esifushane sokunaka)
- Ukuziphatha okungenangqondo
- Ukusebenza ngokweqile
Ngezinye izikhathi lo muthi unikezwa wodwa njengokwelashwa. Ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela wakho angase akucebise ukusebenzisa lo muthi kanye nokwelashwa kokuziphatha.
Cishe ama-70% abantu abadala kanye nama-70% kuya kuma-80% ezingane ezithatha le mithi zilawula kahle izimpawu zazo. Zinciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza ngokweqile , ukuphazamiseka, kanye nokungahlaliseki. Ziphinde zikusize uqede imisebenzi futhi ulondoloze ubudlelwano nabanye.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma nje besebenzisa lo muthi, iziguli ziyakwazi ukugcina ukunaka kwazo nokuziphatha kwazo kusezingeni elingcono.
Lo muthi usebenza kanjani emzimbeni?
Cabanga ngalokhu: ubuchopho bethu bunamakhemikhali abizwa ngokuthi 'ama-postmen' athwala imiyalezo phakathi kwamangqamuzana ezinzwa. Abantu abane-ADHD banamazinga aphansi kancane kwalawa 'ma-postmen' amabili, i-dopamine kanye ne-norepinephrine.
Lokho okwenziwa yilezi zikhuthazi ukwandisa amazinga alawo makhemikhali . La makhemikhali avame ukukhiqizwa ngokwemvelo uma senza okuthile okusenza sijabule. Lokho okwenziwa yile mithi, njengaleyo nqubo yemvelo, kukhipha kancane kancane la makhemikhali ebuchosheni. Lokhu kwandisa amandla akho, kukusiza ukuthi ugxile, futhi kukugcine uqaphile.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zemithi evuselelayo esetshenziselwa i-ADHD
Imithi yokuvuselela i-ADHD ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko: esebenza isikhathi esifushane, esebenza isikhathi esiphakathi, kanye nesebenza isikhathi eside.
- Imithi esebenza ngokushesha: Le ithathwa kabili noma kathathu ngosuku. Inzuzo ukuthi ungakwazi ukulawula ukuthi umuthi uhlala isikhathi esingakanani emzimbeni wakho. Inkinga ukuthi kufanele ukhumbule ukuthatha umuthi njalo.
- Imithi esebenza isikhathi eside: Le mithi ivame ukuthathwa kanye ngosuku, ngokuvamile ekuseni. Inzuzo ukuthi akudingeki ukhumbule ukuphuza imithi yakho kaningi. Lokhu kunganciphisa neminye imiphumela emibi. Inkinga ukuthi uze uthole umthamo nesikhathi esifanele somuthi, ungase ube nenkinga yokulala ebusuku.
Le mithi ingeza njengamaphilisi, ama-patches, uketshezi, noma amaphilisi ahlafunwayo. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo kanye nomthamo ofanele wena noma ingane yakho.
| Isikhathi sokusebenza | Igama elijwayelekile lomuthi | Izibonelo Zegama Lomkhiqizo |
|---|---|---|
| Ukwenza Okufushane | I-Methylphenidate, i-Dextroamphetamine, i-Amphetamine/dextroamphetamine, i-Dexmethylphenidate | URitalin, uDexedrine, uAdderall, uFocalin |
| Ukulingisa Okuphakathi | I-Methylphenidate, i-Amphetamine sulfate | I-Ritalin SR, i-Metadate ER, i-Evekeo |
| Ukusebenza Isikhathi Eside | I-Methylphenidate, i-Lisdexamfetamine, i-Amphetamine/Dextroamphetamine, i-Dexmethylphenidate | Concerta, Ritalin LA, Vyvanse, Adderall XR, Focalin XR, Daytrana (patch) |
Ubani okungafanele asebenzise lo muthi?
Uma unezinye zezimo zempilo ezilandelayo, akufanele usebenzise lezi zikhuthazi. Kufanele nakanjani ukhulume nodokotela wakho ngalokhu.
- Uma unesifo senhliziyo noma ubuthakathaka enhliziyweni yakho
- Uma une-glaucoma (ukucindezeleka okukhulu emehlweni)
- Uma ukhathazekile kakhulu, ukungabi nakuthula, noma ukukhathazeka
- Uma unesifo esibizwa ngokuthi ama-tics (ukunyakaza okungalawulwa kwezitho zomzimba)
- Uma unesifo sikaTourette, noma uma othile emndenini wakho enaso
- Uma kukhona umlando we-psychosis
- Uma usebenzise umuthi obizwa ngokuthi 'i-Monoamine oxidase inhibitor' (MAOI) emasontweni amabili edlule.
Yimiphi imiphumela emibi engaba khona yemithi?
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, lo ungabangela imiphumela emibi. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, isikhathi esiningi lokhu kungokwesikhashana. Kuzophela emavikini ambalwa njengoba umzimba wakho usujwayele umuthi.
| Umphumela Ongemuhle | Incazelo kanye Nalokho Ongakwenza |
|---|---|
| Ikhanda elibuhlungu, isisu esibuhlungu | Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka futhi kunyamalale phakathi namasonto ambalwa okuqala. |
| Umfutho wegazi okhuphukile | Udokotela uzohlola umfutho wegazi lakho njalo. |
| Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla/ukwehla kwesisindo | Lokhu kungagwenywa ngokuthatha umuthi ngemva kokudla. Faka ukudla okulula okunama-calorie amaningi ekudleni kwakho. |
| Ukungaphumuli, ukuqwasha | Lokhu kungagwenywa ngokushintsha umthamo noma uhlobo lomuthi. Khuluma nodokotela wakho. |
| Ama-Tics | Lokhu kungalawulwa futhi ngokushintsha umthamo womuthi. |
Uma izingane zinikezwa lo muthi, ezinye izingane zingase zikhule kancane kunezingane ezingawuthathi lo muthi. Kodwa lokhu akuthinti ukuphakama kwazo kokugcina. Udokotela wakho uzoqapha ukuphakama nesisindo sengane yakho njalo.
Okubaluleke kakhulu: Uma imiphumela emibi iqhubeka, noma uma kuvela izimpawu ezintsha ezingavamile, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Ungaba umlutha wale mithi?
Lokhu kuyinkinga kubantu abaningi. Eqinisweni, uma kunikezwa izingane kanye nentsha ngesilinganiso esinconywayo se-ADHD, le mithi ayibangeli umlutha. Abukho ubufakazi bokuthi ukuthatha le mithi kubangela umlutha kamuva wezidakamizwa. Eqinisweni, izifundo zikhombisile ukuthi abantu abathatha imithi ye-ADHD banamazinga aphansi okusebenzisa izidakamizwa kunalabo abane-ADHD abangaphuzi imithi.
Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi umlutha uma noma yisiphi isikhuthazi sisetshenziswa kabi . Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma unomlando womlutha wezidakamizwa noma utshwala.
Amanye amathiphu abalulekile kubazali
Uma ucabanga ukuqala ingane yakho ngemithi evuselelayo ye-ADHD, khumbula lezi zinto.
- Njalo thatha imithi yakho njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekuyalele, ngesilinganiso esifanele, nangesikhathi esifanele. Uma unemibuzo, khuluma nodokotela wakho.
- Uma uqala ukuthatha umuthi , qala ngosuku lwempelasonto. Ngaleyo ndlela, ungabona kangcono ukuthi umuthi uthinta kanjani ingane yakho.
- Udokotela uvame ukuqala ngomthamo ophansi bese enyusa umthamo kancane kancane.
- Zijwayeze ukunikeza ingane yakho umuthi ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke. Ungase udinge usizo lothisha noma umhlengikazi ukuze anikeze umuthi esikoleni.
- Uma ukhohlwa ukunikeza umthamo, nikeza ngesikhathi esilandelayo esihleliwe. Unganiki imithamo eyengeziwe ukuze ubuyisele umthamo ophuthelwe. Unganiki umuthi sekwephuzile kakhulu emini.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Imithi yokuvuselela iyindlela yokwelapha ephumelela kakhulu ye-ADHD, kodwa ayifanele wonke umuntu.
- Le mithi isebenza ngokulinganisela amakhemikhali ezinzwa ebuchosheni.
- Imiphumela emibi ingase ivele, kodwa eminingi yayo ingeyesikhashana futhi iyalawuleka.
- Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo. Akufanele neze ushintshe umthamo noma uyeke ukuthatha imithi ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela.
- Ingozi yokuba umlutha iphansi kakhulu uma ithathwa ngesilinganiso esinconywayo, kodwa qaphela ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi isetshenziswe kabi.
- Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninezinkinga, ningalokothi ninqikaze ukuxoxa ngazo nodokotela wenu.
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