Uma sicabanga nge-ADHD, sicabanga ngokushesha ngomfana ongahlaliseki, othanda ukuganga, nodlalayo, akunjalo? Abantu abaningi bacabanga nge-ADHD "njengesifo somfana." Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lesi simo sivame kabili kubafana kunakwamantombazane. Kodwa into ebaluleke kakhulu okudingeka siyiqonde ukuthi lapho amantombazane eba ne-ADHD, izimpawu azibonisayo zingase zihluke. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ubuchopho bamantombazane nabafana bukhula ngendlela ehlukile futhi isikhathi sabo sokunaka sihlukile.
I-ADHD ihluke kanjani kwamantombazane?
Ukuzikhandla ngokweqile kanye nokungacabangi kahle yizimpawu ezimbili ezivame kakhulu ze-ADHD. Kodwa-ke, amantombazane mancane kakhulu amathuba okuba nalezi zimpawu zombili. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, i-ADHD emantombazaneni inamathuba amaningi okuthi ihlolwe kabi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi noma ngabe intombazane ine-ADHD, singase singayazi ngoba ayiyona inhlamba.
Kodwa-ke, kunezinye izimpawu ze-ADHD ezivame kakhulu emantombazaneni. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.
| Izimpawu ezivamile ze-ADHD emantombazaneni | |
|---|---|
| Izici ezihlobene nokunaka nomsebenzi | |
| Ubunzima bokugxila | Ubunzima bokulalela nokulandela imiyalelo. Kubonakala sengathi ulalele uthisha ekilasini, kodwa unengqondo kwenye indawo. |
| Ukuphupha emini | Ngihlala ngizizwa ngilahlekile ezweni lemicabango. |
| Ukweqa umsebenzi | Ukuzama ukugwema imisebenzi edinga ukunakwa okukhulu (isib. umsebenzi wesikole, umsebenzi wesikole). |
| Ukukhohlwa nokulahlekelwa yimpahla | Ukukhohlwa izinto njalo, ukulahlekelwa izinto njalo njengamapeni, izincwadi, amapensela. |
| Ukudideka | Ukugcina isikhwama sabo sesikole, izincwadi, kanye negumbi kusesimweni esingcolile kakhulu. |
| Amaphutha emsebenzini wesikole | Ngisho noma benekhono lokufunda, benza amaphutha ayisiwula ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa noma umsebenzi wesikole ngenxa yokungagxili kahle engqondweni. |
| Izimpawu zengqondo nezingokomzwelo (ezivame kakhulu kubafana) | |
| Ukucindezeleka Nokukhathazeka | Ukuzizwa ucindezelekile njalo futhi ukhathazekile ngezinto ezifana nomsebenzi wesikole kanye nokuxhumana nabantu. |
| Ukuzenyeza | Ukuzigxeka, imicabango efana nokuthi "Angikwazi ukwenza lutho" nokuthi "Anginamsebenzi." |
| Ukucindezeleka | Ngihlala ngizizwa ngidabukile futhi ngikhungathekile. |
| Ingozi yokuzilimaza | Ukuba sengozini enkulu yokuzilimaza ngokomzimba lapho ukucindezeleka kungasabekezeleleki. |
Ungasithola kanjani lesi simo ngokunembile?
Uma ucabanga ukuthi indodakazi yakho inalezi zimpawu, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho. Udokotela noma uchwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo akuthumele kuye uzokhuluma nendodakazi yakho, enze izivivinyo ezidingekayo, bese enquma ukuthi ikhona yini le nkinga noma cha.
Izingane zivame ukutholakala zine-ADHD phakathi kweminyaka engu-6 no-12. Kodwa-ke, kungathatha isikhathi eside ukuthi amantombazane atholakale ene-ADHD. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amantombazane azama "ukuvala" ukungakwazi kwawo ukunaka ngangokunokwenzeka. Isibonelo, angase afunde kanzima, kodwa azohlala kuze kube sebusuku ukuze enze kanjalo. Lokhu kungenza kube nzima ngabazali ukuqaphela ukuthi kunenkinga. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, lesi simo ngezinye izikhathi singase singabonwa nhlobo.
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-ADHD. Uhlobo lokunganaki luvame kakhulu phakathi kwamantombazane.
Izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-ADHD
- Uhlobo olusheshayo/olusheshayo: Lapha ingane iziphatha ngokuphamazela nangokuphamazela. Kodwa akukho nkinga enkulu ngokunaka .
- Uhlobo lokunganaki: Lapha ukunaka kwengane kuyaphazamiseka kalula, kodwa akukho ukuxhamazela. Lolu hlobo luvame kakhulu phakathi kwamantombazane.
- Inhlanganisela: Lapha, kokubili izici zokusebenza ngokweqile/ukungacabangi kanye nobunzima bokunaka kungabonakala.
Ukwelashwa kanjani? (Ukwelashwa)
Ukwelashwa kwengane ene-ADHD kuyafana kakhulu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ingane ingumfana noma intombazane. Udokotela wakho uvame ukuncoma kokubili imithi kanye nokwelashwa kokuziphatha . I-ADHD iyisimo sokuphila konke. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kungadingeka ngisho nasebudaleni.
Uhlelo lokwelashwa olutholwa yindodakazi yakho luzonqunywa yizici ezifana nalezi:
- Ubudala bendodakazi kanye nomlando wempilo yayo (kufaka phakathi indlela esabela ngayo emithini).
- Uhlobo lwezimpawu azibonisayo.
- Imibono nezifiso zenu njengabazali mayelana nokwelashwa.
Ongakwenza njengomzali uma indodakazi yakho ine-ADHD
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ongayinika noma yimuphi umntwana one-ADHD ukwesekwa kwakho nothando. Kunezindlela eziningi zokwenza lokho.
1. Thola udokotela omuhle: Kungumqondo omuhle ukuthola udokotela ogxile kwi-ADHD emantombazaneni. Udokotela wakho womndeni kufanele akwazi ukukudlulisela kuchwepheshe omuhle. Uma usumtholile, buza noma yimiphi imibuzo onayo. Landela imiyalelo kadokotela eduze ngangokunokwenzeka.
2. Khuluma nothisha esikoleni:Khuluma nothisha bese uchaza isimo sendodakazi yakho. Ngezinye izikhathi othisha banganquma ukuthi ingane yakho iyaludinga yini uhlelo lwemfundo yomuntu ngamunye (i-IEP). Kalula nje, i-IEP uhlelo olubhaliwe oluchaza imigomo yokufunda yengane yakho nokuthi uthisha uzoyisiza kanjani ukuba ifinyelele leyo migomo.
3. Dumisa impumelelo: Dumisa ngisho nento encane kakhulu eyenziwa yindodakazi yakho. Njalo yithi, "Wenze kahle, ndodakazi, ngiyaziqhenya ngawe." Lokhu kwakha ukuzethemba kwengane.
4. Yamukela indlela yokuphila enempilo: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunikeza ukudla okulinganiselayo kanye nokuzivocavoca okwanele. Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kanye nezinkinga zokudla kungahlotshaniswa ne-ADHD. Indlela yokuphila enempilo nayo iyasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu ze-ADHD.
5. Dala isimiso: Ukuba nesimiso esithile kanye nesimiso esicacile kungasiza kakhulu ekugcineni ingane yakho isendleleni efanele. Kungasiza futhi ukuthumela izikhumbuzo ezincane (amanothi) ezindaweni ezibonakalayo ekhaya, njengokuthi "Ungakhohlwa ukwenza umsebenzi wakho wesikole wezibalo" noma "Letha ukudla okulula okunempilo ngaphambi kokuzijwayeza ibhola." Ukugcina indlu negumbi lendodakazi yakho kuhlanzekile nakho kuyisiza kakhulu kuye.
6. Yazisa abanye abanakekeli: Uma usufundile ngesimo sendodakazi yakho, yazisa abanye abantu ababalulekile empilweni yayo - abantu abasekelayo njengoyise, ugogo, umalume, umalumekazi - futhi uqinisekise ukuthi wonke umuntu uyayisekela ngendlela efanayo imikhuba nemigomo yendodakazi yayo.
7. Shintsha indlela okhuluma ngayo: Ungamemezi ukuze uthole ukunakwa kwendodakazi yakho. Lokho kuzolimaza kakhulu kunokuhle. Uma unikeza iseluleko, sinikeze ngezwi elicacile, iseluleko esisodwa ngesikhathi . Bheka indodakazi yakho emehlweni bese ukhuluma. Uma kufanele usho into efanayo izikhathi eziningana, ungacasuki futhi ubekezele futhi ulungele ukuyiphinda.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Izimpawu ze-ADHD emantombazaneni zingase zihluke ezicini zobulwane ezibafaneni. Isici sazo esiyinhloko ukunganaki.
- Ngenxa yalo mehluko, i-ADHD emantombazaneni inamathuba amaningi okuthi ingatholakali. Ngakho-ke qaphela ukuziphatha kwendodakazi yakho.
- Uma unokungabaza, ungalibali futhi uthintane nodokotela. Ukuxilongwa okufanele kanye nokwelashwa kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Njengabazali, uthando lwenu, ukwesekwa kwenu, kanye nokubekezela kwenu yiwona mandla amakhulu indodakazi yenu ezoba nawo ukuze iphile ngempumelelo nalesi simo.
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