Ingabe ingane yakho ine-ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder)? Ake sixoxe ngokwelashwa kwayo.

Uma ingane yakho itholakala ine-ADHD, kuvamile ukuzizwa ukhungathekile futhi udidekile . "Ngenzenjani manje?", "Ingabe ingane yami izolulama?", "Ingabe ngidinga imithi?" yonke le mibuzo efika engqondweni. Ungakhathazeki. I-ADHD iyisimo esilawulekayo. Ngohlelo lokwelashwa olufanele, ingane yakho ingenza kangcono kakhulu esikoleni, nabangani, nasekhaya.

Kalula nje, i-ADHD inezimpawu ezintathu eziyinhloko: ukunganaki, ukushesha, kanye nokusebenza ngokweqile. Umgomo wokwelashwa ukuphatha lezi zimpawu nokwenza impilo yengane yakho ibe lula. Kodwa khumbula, akuwona wonke umntwana ofanayo. Okusebenza komunye umuntu kungase kungasebenzi komunye. Ngakho-ke kungathatha isikhathi ukuthola uhlelo lokwelashwa olusebenza enganeni yakho. Ukubekezela kubalulekile.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-ADHD?

Uma ingane yakho isitholakale ine-ADHD, ungasebenzisana nodokotela wengane yakho ukuze wakhe uhlelo lokwelashwa olufanele yona. Lokhu kungafaka inhlanganisela yezinto eziningana:

• Imithi ( izidakamizwa )
• Ukwelashwa Kokuziphatha
• Ukwelulekwa
• Izinsizakalo zemfundo (ukusekelwa okutholwa esikoleni)
• Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila

Kungathatha isikhathi ukuthola inhlanganisela efanele yazo zonke lezi zinto. Into ebalulekile ukuthi nakuba lezi zindlela zokwelapha zinganciphisa kakhulu izimpawu ze-ADHD, azikwazi ukuzelapha ngokuphelele. Kuyinto okufanele siyiphathe futhi siphile nayo.

Imithi ye-ADHD

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zemithi eyinhloko esetshenziswa ukwelapha i-ADHD . Ake sibheke ngayinye ngokwehlukana.

Imithi Evuselelayo

Lena imithi evame kakhulu enikezwa izingane kanye nabantu abadala abasebasha abane-ADHD. Sekuphele amashumi eminyaka isetshenziswa, ngakho-ke kunobufakazi obuningi bokuthi iyasebenza. Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi uma ingane isithole imithi evuselelayo efanele kanye nomthamo, ama-80% ezingane abhekana nokuncipha kwezimpawu . Yingakho odokotela bevame ukuzama lolu hlobo lomuthi kuqala. Ingasetshenziswa ezinganeni ezineminyaka engu-6 ubudala.

Lezi zibizwa ngokuthi "izikhuthazi." Le mithi ikhulisa amazinga e-dopamine kanye ne-norepinephrine ebuchosheni.Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kwandisa amazinga ama-neurotransmitter abizwa ngokuthi ama-neurotransmitter. La makhemikhali asiza ingane ukuthi igxile, igxile, futhi ilawule ukuziphatha okungazelelwe.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezikhuthazi :

1. Isebenza isikhathi esifushane: Lezi zisebenza cishe amahora amane kuphela. Ngakho-ke kufanele uziphuze kabili noma kathathu ngosuku. Lapho amandla omthamo owodwa ehla, ukunaka kwengane kanye nesimo sengqondo kungancipha ngokuzumayo.

2. Isebenza isikhathi eside: Lokhu kuvame ukuhlala amahora angu-6-8, ngezinye izikhathi kuze kube amahora angu-16. Kusiza ukugcina isimo somntwana sihambisana usuku lonke.

Imithi Engavuseleli Umzimba

Uma izikhuthazi zibangela imiphumela emibi eminingi enganeni yakho noma uma zingasebenzi kahle, odokotela bazoshintshela ezingezona izikhuthazi. Lezi zinomngcipheko ophansi wokuba umlutha. Ngezinye izikhathi udokotela angase anikeze isikhuthazi kanye nesingezona izikhuthazi.

Le mithi ithatha isikhathi ukuqala ukusebenza. Ungase ungaboni mehluko omkhulu amasonto ama-3-4. Kodwa-ke, imiphumela yomthamo owodwa ihlala cishe amahora angama-24. Ezinye zezidakamizwa ezingavunyiwe yilezi:

• I-Atomoxetine (i-Strattera)
• I-Viloxazine (Qelbree)
• I-Clonidine ER (i-Kapvay)
• I-Guanfacine ER (Intuniv)

I-Atomoxetine ne-Viloxazine zombili ziyimithi yokucindezeleka. Ngakho-ke uma ingane yakho ine-ADHD futhi inokukhathazeka noma ukucindezeleka, lokhu kungaba ukukhetha okuhle. I-Clonidine ne-Guanfacine ziyimithi yokucindezeleka kwegazi okuphezulu. Lokhu kungasiza ekulawuleni ukusebenza ngokweqile kwengane yakho kanye nokuziphatha kwayo okungenangqondo.

Ingabe imithi yodwa yanele? Cha, ukwelashwa kokuziphatha nakho kuyadingeka!

Nakuba imithi ingasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu ze-ADHD, ukwelashwa kokuziphatha kubalulekile ukusiza ingane yakho ithuthukise izindlela zayo zokuziphatha, amakhono okuxhumana nabantu, kanye nekhono lokuphatha imisebenzi yayo. Lokhu kuhilela ukuyifundisa ukuziphatha okuhle nokuqeda ukuziphatha okuyinkinga.

• Ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyi-6 ubudala: Kunconywa ukuthi abazali bathole ukuqeqeshwa kwabazali ngokuphatha ukuziphatha ngaphambi kokunikeza imithi. Izingane zale minyaka zingase zibe nemiphumela emibi kakhulu ngenxa yemithi.
• Kubantwana abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-6 ubudala: Kunconywa inhlanganisela yemithi, ukwelashwa kokuziphatha, ukwesekwa kwesikole, kanye nokuqeqeshwa kwabazali.

Izinto esingazenza ekhaya (izinguquko zendlela yokuphila)

Ngaphezu kohlelo lokwelashwa, kunezinto eziningi ongazenza ekhaya ezizonikeza ingane yakho impumuzo enkulu.

1. Nikeza ubuthongo obuhle

Kuvamile ukuthi izingane ezine-ADHD zibe nezinkinga zokulala. Nazi ezinye izinto ezingasiza:

• Zenze umkhuba wokulala nokuvuka ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke .
• Cima wonke amadivayisi kagesi njenge-TV, ifoni, ikhompyutha, kanye nemidlalo yevidiyo okungenani ihora ngaphambi kokulala.
• Yehlisa ukugijima nokugxuma ngaphambi kokulala.

2. Ukudla okunempilo

• Cishe ngo-3 ekuseniNikeza ukudla okuncane. Lokhu kuzosiza ukugcina amazinga kashukela egazini ehambisana, okwenza kube lula ukuhlala ugxile.
• Nikeza ukudla okucebile ngamaprotheni njengobisi, amaqanda, namantongomane, kanye nezithelo, imifino, kanye nokusanhlamvu okuphelele (ama-carbohydrate ayinkimbinkimbi).
• Nikeza izinhlanzi ezifana ne-salmon ne-tuna, ezicebile ngama -omega-3 fatty acids, kanye namaqanda nobisi oluqiniswe nge-omega-3. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi lokhu kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukusebenza ngokweqile.

3. Ukuzivocavoca nokudlala ngaphandle

• Nikeza ingane yakho ukuzivocavoca okwanele nsuku zonke. Lokhu kwandisa isikhathi sokunaka njengoba kukhiqiza amakhemikhali obuchopho.
• Izinto ezifana nokudansa, i-gymnastics, kanye ne-karate zilungele izingane ezine-ADHD ngoba zidinga ukugxila nokuzithiba.
• Vumela okungenani imizuzu engama-30 yokudlala ngaphandle, yemvelo ngosuku. Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi lokhu kunganciphisa izimpawu ze-ADHD.

4. Izindlela zokusekela ingane

• Dala isimiso esiqhubekayo: Gcina izikhathi zokudla, isikhathi somsebenzi wesikole, isikhathi sokudlala, kanye nesikhathi sokulala konke ngokulandelana okufanayo.
• Nikeza imiyalelo ecacile: Uma utshela ingane yakho ukuthi yenze okuthile, khuluma kafushane futhi ucacise. Unganiki imisebenzi eminingi ngesikhathi esisodwa.
• Dumisa ingane yakho: Izingane ezine-ADHD zivame ukulalela ukugxekwa. Ngakho-ke zidumise ngisho nangezinto ezincane ezinhle ezizenzayo, zithi “Kuhle kakhulu” noma “Wenze kahle.” Lokhu kwakha ukuzethemba kwazo.
• Ukuyala ngokuthula: Ukuthethisa nokushaya ingane ngeke kusize, ikakhulukazi ngengane ene-ADHD. Uma ingane iziphatha kabi, kungcono ukuyimisa okwesikhashana ilungelo (njengokubuka i-TV) (ukuphuma kwesikhathi noma ukususwa kwamalungelo).