Ingane yakho yayinonya kakhulu ngesikhathi isencane, kodwa njengoba ikhula, ikakhulukazi njengoba ikhula, ingabe uke waphawula ushintsho olukhulu ekuziphatheni kwayo? Ingabe iphuthelwa umsebenzi wesikole ngokuzumayo, ishiye izincwadi zayo yonke indawo, futhi izizwe ingahlelekile futhi ingakwazi ukuhlala endaweni eyodwa? Lokhu akuzona nje ukuziphatha okubi, mhlawumbe kunenkinga yokunaka ngemuva kwalokhu, noma mhlawumbe kukhona isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-ADHD ( Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) esesizwile sonke ngaso. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngendlela enobungane namuhla.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-ADHD kubantu abasha?
I-ADHD ivame ukuba khona kusukela ebuntwaneni. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ukhula, izimpawu zingaba zimbi kakhulu noma zibonakale kakhulu ngenxa yezinguquko zamahomoni emzimbeni, umsebenzi wesikole owandisiwe, kanye nemisebenzi yangaphandle kwesikole.
Kalula nje, kunezici eziningana eziyinhloko.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuphazanyiswa | Ngisho nomsindo omncane kakhulu ungakuphazamisa ngenkathi usebenza. Izinto ezifana nokubuka ngefasitela ekilasini noma ukuphazanyiswa ifoni yakho ngenkathi ufunda ekhaya. |
| Ukungahleleki | Igumbi ligcwele ukungcola. Angikwazi ukuthola izincwadi zami noma umsebenzi wesikole esikhwameni sami sesikole. Anginalo uhlelo lokuqeda umsebenzi wami ngesikhathi. |
| Ukungagxili kahle | Kunzima ukuhlala emsebenzini owodwa isikhathi eside. Uyakhathala ngawo ngemva kwesikhathi esithile. Ngisho noma uqala umsebenzi wesikole, awuwuqedi. |
| Ukusebenza ngokweqile | Ukungakwazi ukuhlala endaweni eyodwa. Ukuzulazula njalo, ukuzulazula, ukuvuka esihlalweni. Njengenjini. |
| Ukungacabangi | Basebenza ngaphandle kokucabanga. Bayahluleka ukuphendula umbuzo ngaphambi kokuba uthisha aqede. Bayaphazamisa abanye ngenkathi bekhuluma. |
I-ADHD iyithinta kanjani impilo yengane?
Lesi simo singathinta izici eziningana zokuphila kwengane.
Impilo yesikole
Izinkinga zokunaka zingaba nomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kahle kwezemfundo. Amamaki aqala ukwehla , ikakhulukazi uma ingane ingatholi ukwelashwa okufanele. Ukukhohlwa umsebenzi wesikole, ukulahlekelwa izincwadi, kanye nokukhathala ekilasini konke lokhu kuvamile kakhulu.
Cabanga nje, lapho uthisha efundisa, ingqondo yengane ikwenye indawo. Noma ihluleka ukuphendula ngaphandle kokulinda ithuba layo. Lokhu kuphazamisa uthisha kanye nabanye abantwana. Ngenxa yalezi zinto, amakhono engane ayacindezelwa, amamaki ayo ezivivinyweni ayancipha, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ikhishwe emaqenjini ezemidlalo nasemaqenjini abangani.
Ukuziphatha okuyingozi kanye nezingozi
Lokhu kuyindaba ekhathazayo. Izingane ezincane ezine-ADHD zisengozini enkulu yezingozi.
Ukushayela, ikakhulukazi, kuyingozi enkulu . Izifundo zikhombisile ukuthi izingane ezincane ezine-ADHD zinamathuba aphindwe kabili kuya kwamane okuba nengozi yemoto kunezingane ezingenayo leso simo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi zishesha, zithambekele ekuthatheni izingozi ngaphandle kokucabanga ngemiphumela, futhi zenza izinqumo ezingavuthiwe .
Kodwa kunezindaba ezinhle. Ucwaningo lubonise ukuthi izingane eziphuza imithi yazo ngendlela efanele zinganciphisa ingozi yalezi zingozi.
Futhi, izingane ezine-ADHD zisengozini enkulu yokusebenzisa kabi utshwala nezidakamizwa . Ngakho-ke, ukunikeza ingane ukwelashwa okufanele kungayisindisa ezinkingeni ezinkulu ezingase zivele esikhathini esizayo. Uma ukhuluma nengane yakho ngokushayela, khuluma ngokucacile ngalezi zingozi kanye nezingozi zokusebenzisa ifoni ngenkathi ushayela.
Yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kwalokhu?
Nakuba kunemibono ehlukene mayelana nokwelashwa kwe-ADHD, imiphumela emihle kakhulu ivame ukutholakala ngokuhlanganisa izindlela ezimbili: ukwelashwa kokuziphatha kanye nemithi.
Ochwepheshe bathi cishe ama-80% ezingane ezanikwa imithi ye-ADHD ziseyizingane zizoqhubeka zidinge imithi sezikhulile.
Imithi ingahlukaniswa kakhulu ngezigaba ezimbili.
| Uhlobo lwesidakamizwa | Izibonelo | Okufanele ukwazi |
|---|---|---|
| Imithi Yokuvuselela | Imithi efana ne-Methylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta), Dextroamphetamine (Adderall), Lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse). | Lezi zisetshenziswa kabanzi. Zandisa ukunaka nokuqapha. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bangase babe nemiphumela emibi njengokungalali, ukucasuka, nokulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla. |
| Imithi Engavuseleli Umzimba | Imithi efana ne-Atomoxetine (Strattera), i-Guanfacine (Intuniv), kanye ne-Clonidine (Kapvay). | Lezi zinomngcipheko ophansi wokulutheka. Imiphumela emibi nayo ihlukile kweminye. Lezi zingase zifaneleke kakhulu ezinganeni ezinomlando wokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa. |
Okubaluleke kakhulu, yonke le mithi kufanele inikezwe kuphela ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela oqeqeshiwe. Ukunikeza imithi engaphezu kwesilinganiso esinconywayo kungaba nemiphumela emibi enganeni, okuhlanganisa izinkinga zempilo yengqondo kanye nokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezindlela zokwelapha ezihlukile ezifana nokushintsha kokudla, izithasiselo zokudla okunempilo ezifana ne-Omega-3, kanye namadivayisi esimanje avuselela umsebenzi wobuchopho (njenge-Monarch External Trigeminal Nerve Stimulation (eTNS) System). Xoxa ngalokhu nodokotela wakho bese wenza izinqumo.
Ungasiza kanjani njengomzali?
Ingane ephila ne-ADHD idinga uthando lwakho, ukwesekwa, nokuqonda. Nazi ezinye izinto ongazenza.
- Misa imithetho nemikhuba ecacile: Misa isimiso esiqhubekayo sezinto ezifana nokuqala usuku, izikhathi zokudla , kanye nezikhathi zokulala. Kungumqondo omuhle futhi ukusibhala phansi endaweni lapho ingane yakho ingasibona khona.
- Siza inhlangano:Siza ukugcina umsebenzi wesikole nezincwadi zihlelekile. Yiba nendawo ebekelwe konke. Sebenzisa uhlu lwezinto ozoletha ekhaya uvela esikoleni ekupheleni kosuku.
- Yakha ukuzethemba kwengane yakho: Khuthaza ingane yakho ukuba yenze okuthile ekwazi kahle (njengezemidlalo, umculo, ubuciko). Mncome ngisho nangezinto ezincane kakhulu azenzayo.
- Hlala uzolile: Ngisho noma kufanele ujezise ingane yakho, khuluma ngokuthula ngaphandle kokuthukuthela. Uyisibonelo esihle enganeni yakho.
- Xhumana nothisha: Khuluma nothisha ngesimo sengane yakho esikoleni bese ucela ukwesekwa kwabo.
- Lala kahle: Cima i-TV, amafoni, kanye nemidlalo yevidiyo ngaphambi kokulala. Ukulala kahle kubalulekile ekulawuleni i-ADHD.
Ungamsiza kanjani umntwana wakho ukuba azimele lapho esemdala?
Njengoba ingane ikhula, idinga ukufundiswa ukuphatha isimo sayo futhi izimele.
- Nika umsebenzi: Bafundise ukuzenzela izinto, njengokuphuza imithi yabo ngesikhathi nokuyigcwalisa ngaphambi kokuba iphele.
- Beka imingcele: Ungaphazamisi kukho konke, vumela ingane yakho ibe ngumuntu wayo. Yazise ukuthi ukhona lapho idinga usizo, kodwa yivumele izithathele izinqumo zayo.
- Khuthaza usizo lochwepheshe: Mhlawumbe khuthaza ingane yakho ukuba ifune usizo lomqeqeshi wempilo noma umeluleki osiza abantu abaphila ne-ADHD.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-ADHD akuyona nje ukuziphatha okubi noma ubuvila enganeni. Kuyisifo sangempela sempilo.
- Lesi simo singaba sibi kakhulu ngenxa yezinguquko zama-hormone kanye nokwanda kwemithwalo yemfanelo ngesikhathi sobusha.
- Ukwelashwa okufanele (ukwelashwa kokuziphatha kanye nemithi) kungasiza kakhulu ekusizeni ingane ukuba iphumelele empilweni.
- Njengabazali, uthando lwenu, ukwesekwa, ukubekezela, kanye nesimo eniziphethe kahle enisenza ekhaya kubaluleke kakhulu enganeni yenu.
- Ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiziphi izinqumo, khuluma nodokotela wengane yakho njalo. Landela iseluleko sakhe.
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