Ingabe kukhona okungahambi kahle ngezindlala zakho ze-adrenal? (Izinkinga ze-Adrenal Gland) - Ake sixoxe ngalokhu kalula!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa ukhathele ngaphandle kwesizathu? Ingabe isisindo sakho siyancipha noma siyanda ngokuzumayo? Mhlawumbe isizathu salezi zinguquko emzimbeni wakho ukungasebenzi kahle okuncane kwezindlala zakho ze-adrenal. Abantu abaningi abanalo ukuqonda okucacile kokuthi ziyini ngempela lezi zindlala nokuthi kwenzekani uma zinenkinga. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizoxoxa ngokuthi ziyini lezi zindlala ze-adrenal, ukuthi zibangelwa yini izifo, nokuthi zithinta kanjani imizimba yethu.

Ziyini izindlala ze-adrenal? Zenzani?

Kalula nje, izindlala zakho ze-adrenal ziyizindlala ezimbili ezincane, ezingonxantathu ezitholakala ngaphezu kwezinso zakho . Zibukeka njengezigqoko ezimbili. Nakuba zincane, zenza umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu emizimbeni yethu. Okusho ukuthi, zikhiqiza izinhlobo eziningana zama-hormone ezisiza ukugcina ibhalansi emizimbeni yethu.

Lawa ma-hormone yilawa:

• I-Cortisol: Lokhu kusiza ukulawula ukusebenza komzimba emzimbeni wethu, okuyindlela esiguqula ngayo ukudla esikudlayo kube amandla, amasosha omzimba, kanye nendlela esisabela ngayo ekucindezelekeni.
• I-Adrenaline: Cishe uke wezwa ngalena. Umzimba wethu uzilungiselela ngaleli hormone ngezikhathi eziphuthumayo, ukwesaba, noma ukukhuthazeka okukhulu.
• I-Aldosterone: Yilokhu okulawula umfutho wegazi lethu kanye namazinga kasawoti (i-sodium) kanye ne-potassium emzimbeni.

Cabanga ngala ma-hormone njengezinhlelo zokulawula ezahlukahlukene emotweni. Uma kukhona ushintsho oluncane kwelinye, luthinta ukusebenza kwemoto yonke.

Yiziphi izifo eziyinhloko ezihlotshaniswa nezindlala ze-adrenal?

Manje ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izimo ezingase zenzeke uma lezi zindlala ze-adrenal zikhiqiza ama-hormone amaningi kakhulu noma amancane kakhulu .

• Isifo sika-Addison (ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-adrenal): Kulesi simo, izindlala ze-adrenal azikhiqizi i-cortisol eyanele kanye/noma i-aldosterone. Njengeselula efile, umzimba ulahlekelwa amandla nokulawula.
• Ukucindezelwa kwezindlala ze-adrenal: Lokhu futhi uhlobo lokungapheleli kwezindlala ze-adrenal. Kodwa-ke, kubangelwa imithi esebenza njenge-cortisol ethathwa ngaphandle. Isibonelo, uma uthatha imithi efana ne-prednisone noma i-dexamethasone isikhathi eside, izindlala ze-adrenal emzimbeni zicabanga ukuthi, "O, manje ama-hormone avela ngaphandle, akudingeki ngisebenze kanzima kangaka," futhi anciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwawo kwama-hormone.
• I-Cushing's syndrome: Lokhu kuphambene nesifo sika-Addison. Okusho ukuthi, izinga le-cortisol emzimbeni likhuphuka ngokweqile.
• I-Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH):Lesi yisimo sokuzalwa. Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi kunokwehla kwama -enzyme athile adingwa yizindlala ze-adrenal ukuze zikhiqize ama-hormone.
• I-Hyperaldosteronism: Kulesi simo, umzimba ukhiqiza i-aldosterone eningi kakhulu.
• Ukuchama: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho umzimba ukhiqiza ama-hormone amaningi kakhulu wesilisa . Lokhu kuthinta kakhulu abesifazane nabafana abangakakhuli. Isibonelo, owesifazane angase abe nentshebe noma ajule kakhulu izwi.

Ingabe izimila zingadala izinkinga nezindlala ze-adrenal?

Yebo, ngezinye izikhathi ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone kungaphazamiseka ngenxa yezimila ezingaphakathi noma ezizungezile izindlala ze-adrenal.

• Izimila ze-adrenal gland: Lezi zimila zingabangela ushintsho ekukhiqizweni kwama-hormone. Kodwa-ke, isikhathi esiningi, azinawo umdlavuza (azinabungozi) , okusho ukuthi aziyona ingozi. I-adrenal adenoma uhlobo oluvamile lwesimila.
• I-Adrenocortical carcinoma: Lolu uhlobo lomdlavuza olungavamile oluvela engxenyeni engaphandle ye-adrenal gland.
• I-Pheochromocytoma: Kulesi simo, izindlala ze-adrenal zikhiqiza ama-hormone amaningi kakhulu i-epinephrine ne-norepinephrine (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-adrenaline). Lokhu kungabangela ukwanda okungazelelwe komfutho wegazi kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo.
• Ama-adenoma e-pituitary: I-pituitary gland ebuchosheni bakho ifana ne-master gland elawula ezinye izindlala eziningi. Ngakho-ke, uma kuvela isimila esingesona umdlavuza (i-adenoma) kule-pituitary gland, ingathinta nokukhiqizwa kwama-hormone yizindlala ze-adrenal.

Zivame kangakanani lezi zifo ze-adrenal gland?

Izinkinga ze-adrenal gland zingathinta noma ubani, kodwa ezinye izimo, njenge-Cushing's syndrome, zivame kakhulu kwabesifazane.

Ziyini izimpawu zesifo se-adrenal gland?

Lona umbuzo abantu abaningi abawubuzayo. Izimpawu zezifo ze-adrenal gland ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi i-hormone ithintekile . Kunezinye izimpawu ezifana nezezinye izifo. Yingakho, uma uzizwa into engavamile, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela bese uthola ukuxilongwa okufanele.

Izimpawu zamazinga aphezulu e-cortisol:

• Umzimba ongaphezulu uyakhula, kodwa izingalo nemilenze kuya ngokuya kuba ncane: Cabanga nje uma ubuzizwa sengathi isisu sakho, isifuba, nentamo kuya ngokuya kuba mkhulu, kodwa izingalo nemilenze yakho kuya ngokuya kuba ncane noma kuncane kakhulu.
• Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu (Ukukhathala).
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu.
• Ingozi yokuba nesifo sikashukela.
• Isikhumba siyaphuka kalula. Ngisho neqhubu elincane lingashintsha indawo enkulu ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
• Ukubonakala kwemigqa ebanzi, enombala ohlukile (amamaki okwelula) esikhumbeni sesisu.
• Ukuzizwa udidekile.

Izimpawu zamazinga aphezulu e-aldosterone:

• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu.
• Amazinga aphansi e-potassium egazini (i-hypokalemia): Lokhu kungabangela ezinye izinkinga.
• Ukuzizwa ubuthakathaka.
• Ukuqaqamba kwemisipha noma ubuhlungu.

Uma amazinga ama-hormone ocansi abesilisa ekhuphuka (kwabesifazane noma kubafana abangakakhuli):

Lokhu kungalingani kwama-hormone kungabangela isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-virilization, okuyilapho owesifazane noma umfana ongakakhuli eba nezici zobudoda.

• Ukukhula kwezinwele zobuso kwabesifazane (njengokukhula kwentshebe).
• Ukulahlekelwa izinwele (ubumpandla).
• Ukwanda kwe-acne.
• Ukuhosha kwezwi.
• Ukukhula kwemisipha (kubonakala sengathi inemisipha).
• Ukwanda kwesifiso sobulili.

Kungani lezi zifo ze-adrenal gland zenzeka? Ziyini izimbangela?

Kungaba nezimbangela eziningana zesifo se-adrenal gland.

• Izindlala zakho ze-adrenal zikhiqiza ama-hormone amaningi kakhulu noma amancane kakhulu.
• Ukuba nesifo kwenye indlala, njengendlala yakho ye-pituitary .
• Amazinga akho ama-hormone angashintshashintsha ngenxa yezici zangaphandle - isibonelo, imithi ethile noma amakhemikhali asendaweni ezungezile.
• Izinguquko emazingeni ama-hormone ngenxa yezinguquko zofuzo (ukuguqulwa kofuzo - ushintsho ku-DNA) .

Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nodokotela abakwazi ukusho ngqo ukuthi kungani abanye abantu beba nalezi zifo kanti abanye ababi nazo.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona uma zingelashwa?

Izindlala ze-adrenal kanye nama-hormone eziwalawulayo kubalulekile ezinqubweni eziningi ezibalulekile emzimbeni wethu. Ngakho-ke, uma lezi zifo zingelashwa kahle, kungavela izinkinga ezinkulu. Ezinye zazo zingaba yingozi ngisho nokuphila. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuqaphela lokhu futhi uthathe izinyathelo ezidingekayo.

Izifo ze-adrenal gland zitholakala kanjani?

Uma unalezi zimpawu, udokotela uzoqala akubuze ngezimpawu zakho bese ekwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Ngemuva kwalokho, bazo-oda ukuhlolwa ukuze bahlole amazinga ama-hormone ematheni akho, egazini nasemchameni.

Uma udokotela esola ukuthi kukhona isimila , angase acele ukuhlolwa okufana nalokhu:

• I-CT scan (CT - i-computed tomography scans)
• Ukuskena kwe-MRI (i-MRI - i-magnetic resonance imaging)
• Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe zemithi yenuzi

Udokotela wakho ojwayelekile angakuthumela kudokotela we-endocrinologist . Kukhona nodokotela be-endocrinologist bezingane abelapha izinsana nezingane ezincane.

Iphathwa kanjani?

Ukwelashwa kwezifo ze-adrenal gland kuyahlukahluka kuye ngesimo esithile.

• Kwezinye izifo, imithi inganikezwa ukubuyisela amazinga akho amahomoni.
• Ukuhlinzwa noma ukwelashwa ngemisebe kunganconywa ezimweni ezihilela izimila.

Ingabe ikhona indlela yokuvimbela lezi zifo? Ingozi ingancishiswa kanjani?

Ngenxa yokuthi abacwaningi abasazi kahle ukuthi kungani izifo eziningi ze-adrenal gland zenzeka, okwamanje ayikho indlela eqondile yokuzivimbela.

Nokho, kukhona into eyodwa ongayenza ukuze unciphise ingozi.

Abanye abantu bathatha ama-hormone wesilisa ukuze bakhe imisipha. Uma wenza kanjalo, cabanga kabili. Ukwenza kanjalo ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela kungabangela isifo se-adrenal gland futhi kulimaze nezinye izindlala.

Yini ongayilindela uma unesifo se-adrenal gland?

Umbono wakho ungase wehluke kuye ngesimo onaso. Kodwa-ke, uma uxilongiwe futhi welashwa kusenesikhathi, ungasiphatha ngempumelelo isimo sakho futhi uphile impilo enempilo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngesimo sakho ukuze ufunde kabanzi.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi utholakale unesifo se-adrenal noma cha, bona udokotela uma unezimpawu ezisolisayo noma ezikhathazayo . Isibonelo:

• Ukwehlisa isisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ukwanda kwesisindo, ikakhulukazi emzimbeni ongaphezulu.
• Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke.
• Ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo noma obukhulu.
• Izinguquko ekukhuleni kwezinwele noma komzimba.
• Izinguquko zesikhumba (njengokuphuka kalula, izimpawu zokunwebeka).

Kufanele ufune nini ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo? (Kunini lapho kufanele uye khona ku-ER)

Uma une -adrenal insufficiency , ungase ube nenkinga ye-adrenal . Lesi yisimo esisongela impilo . Kwenzeka lapho amazinga omzimba we-cortisol eba phansi kakhulu.

Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezilandelayo, shayela u-1990 ngokushesha noma uye ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo eliseduze:

• Ubuhlungu obungazelelwe, obukhulu esiswini noma emhlane.
• Ukuhlanza njalo kanye nohudo.
• Ukuzizwa ubuthakathaka kakhulu.
• Ukudideka nokulahlekelwa ukwazi (ukudideka).
• Amazinga kashukela aphansi egazini (hypoglycemia).
• Umfutho wegazi ophansi.

Uma une-adrenal insufficiency, cela udokotela wakho ukuthi akunike umjovo we-glucocorticoid . Lona umuthi onciphisa ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala. Qiniseka ukuthi uyazi ukuthi ungawunikeza kanjani lo mjovo, futhi utshele umndeni wakho nabangani bakho ukuthi bakunike kanjani futhi nini.

Isifo se-adrenal gland singahambisana nezinye izimpawu ezisongela impilo. Isibonelo, amazinga aphezulu e-potassium egazini (hyperkalemia) noma amazinga aphansi e-sodium (hyponatremia) .

Uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu ezinzima, ungalindi isikhathi esijwayelekile sokubonana nodokotela. Yiya ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Uma uthola ukuthi unesifo se-adrenal gland, ungase uzizwe ungaqiniseki futhi wesaba. Lokho kuvamile. Ungabuza udokotela wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Uhlobo luni lwesifo se-adrenal gland enginaso?
• Ingabe lokhu kungelapheka? Noma kuzomele ngikwazi ukubhekana nakho futhi ngiphile nakho?
• Ingabe kuzodingeka ngithathe imithi? Uma kunjalo, uhlobo luni?
• Ingabe isimila siyimbangela yezimpawu zami?
• Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha enginazo?

Cishe awucabangi kakhulu ngezindlala zakho ze-adrenal kuze kube yilapho ziqala ukusebenza kahle. Izimpawu ezintsha, ezingajwayelekile zingaba ezicindezelayo nezinesizungu. Kodwa awuwedwa. Buza udokotela wakho ngezinsiza ezengeziwe noma amaqembu okusekela. Ukuba yilungu elisebenzayo lethimba lakho lezokunakekelwa kwempilo kungakusiza ukuphatha isimo sakho futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yempilo yakho.

Khumbula into ebaluleke kakhulu! (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Isifo se-adrenal gland singaba nzima. Kodwa-ke, ukuqaphela izimpawu kusenesikhathi nokuthola iseluleko sezokwelapha esifanele kanye nokwelashwa kungenza umehluko omkhulu. Ungesabi. Khuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho bese ubuza imibuzo yakho.

Khumbula, uyazi impilo yakho kangcono. Ngakho-ke, qaphela izinguquko emzimbeni wakho. Cela usizo uma uludinga.

Ngiyethemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luwusizo kuwe. Hlala uphilile!

Izindlala ze - adrenal, ama-hormone, isifo sika-Addison, i-Cushing's syndrome, i-cortisol, i-aldosterone, i-adrenaline