Uma uthatha ukuhlolwa kwegazi, kungenzeka ukuthi ubonile ukuthi linenani le-ALT noma i-SGPT. Mhlawumbe udokotela ukutshelile ukuthi leli nani liphezulu kancane nokuthi udinga ukuqaphela kancane ngesibindi sakho. Kujwayelekile ukuzizwa wesaba futhi ukhathazekile kancane uma uzwa lokho. Ngakho-ke iyini le-ALT? Kungani ibaluleke kangaka emzimbeni wethu? Ungesabi, ake sixoxe ngakho konke lokhu kalula nangokucacile.
Kalula nje, iyini i-ALT?
I-Alanine Transaminase (ALT) iyi-enzyme emzimbeni wethu. Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, ifana nesisebenzi esincane ngaphakathi kwamaseli ethu. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko usesibindini . Kodwa-ke, ngaphezu kwesibindi, le enzyme ye-ALT ikhona futhi ngamanani amancane kwezinye izindawo.
I-enzyme uhlobo lweprotheni olusiza izinqubo ezahlukene emzimbeni wethu. Njengoba nje kudingeka i-spark plug ukuze kuqalwe imoto, umzimba udinga laba basizi ababizwa ngama-enzyme ukuze benze izinto ezithile.
Ngakho-ke ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-ALT kwenziwa kanjani?
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-ALT kulinganisa inani le-ALT egazini lakho. Cabanga ngesibindi njengendlu, kanye ne-ALT njengezisebenzi ezingaphakathi kuleyo ndlu. Uma izindonga zale ndlu zonakele nganoma iyiphi indlela, izisebenzi ezingaphakathi ziyavuza (okungukuthi zingene egazini).
Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma amangqamuzana esibindi sakho onakele, i-enzyme ye-ALT engaphakathi kwalawo maseli ikhishwa iye egazini. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi izinga le-ALT likhuphuke ekuhlolweni kwegazi. Yingakho odokotela besebenzisa lolu vivinyo ukuthola umbono wempilo yesibindi sakho.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-ALT akuvamile ukwenziwa kodwa. Kwenziwa njengengxenye yephaneli ye-enzyme yesibindi (i-LFT) noma iphaneli ephelele ye-metabolic (i-CMP).
Ukuhlolwa kwe-ALT kwaziwa nangamanye amagama amaningana:
- I-Alanine Aminotransferase
- I-SGPT (i-Serum Glutamic-Pyruvic Transaminase)
- I-GPT
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-ALT ne-AST?
Kungenzeka ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi kanye ne-ALT, elinye inani elibizwa nge-AST nalo libhalwe embikweni wakho. I-AST (i-Aspartate Transaminase) ingenye i-enzyme efana ne-ALT. Zombili lezi zinganqwabelana egazini lapho amaseli onakele.
Kodwa kunomehluko obalulekile lapha. I-ALT itholakala kakhulu esibindini. Kodwa i-enzyme i-AST itholakala nangobuningi obukhulu enhliziyweni, emisipheni yamathambo, kanye nakuma-pancreas, ngaphezu kwesibindi.
Ngakho-ke, uma sikhuluma ngempilo yesibindi, sibheka i-ALT njengeqondene kakhulu nesibindi kune-AST. Kodwa-ke, odokotela babheka zombili lezi zindinganiso kanye neminye imiphumela yokuhlolwa ndawonye ukuze benze isinqumo esinembile.
Kungani ucelwa ukuthi wenze ukuhlolwa kwe-ALT?
Kunezizathu ezintathu eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani udokotela angase akucele ukuthi uhlolwe igazi okuhlanganisa nokuhlolwa kwe-ALT.
1. Ukuhlolwa ngaphambi kokuba kuvele izimpawu
Ngezinye izikhathi ungase ungabi nazimpawu. Kodwa lokhu kuhlolwa kungakusiza ukuthola ukuthi usengozini yokuthola isifo sesibindi yini esikhathini esizayo. Udokotela wakho angancoma lokhu kuhlolwa uma unezinye zezici ezilandelayo eziyingozi:
- Ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile.
- Ukuba nomlando womndeni wesifo sesibindi.
- Ukuba nesifo sikashukela.
- Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile .
- Ukujova izidakamizwa usebenzisa izinaliti ezihlanganyelwe nabanye.
2. Ukuqapha isimo sezempilo (Ukuqapha)
Uma usuvele unesifo sesibindi, lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa njalo ukuze kubonakale ukuthi siya ngokuba ngcono, siya siba sibi kakhulu, noma asishintshi lapho kwelashwa. Kwenziwa futhi ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini ukulimala kwesibindi lapho uthatha imithi ethile engathinta isibindi.
3. Ukusiza ekuxilongeni isifo (Ukuxilonga)
Uma unezimpawu ezibonisa inkinga yesibindi, lokhu kuhlolwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola imbangela. Nakuba amazinga e-ALT ewodwa engakwazi ukuthola isifo, kuyingxenye ebalulekile yenqubo yokuxilonga.
| Izimpawu ezingase zibonise inkinga yesibindi |
|---|
| Isicanucanu kanye/noma ukuhlanza |
| Ubuhlungu besisu (ubuhlungu besisu) |
| Isikhumba esilumayo |
| I-jaundice (ukuphuzi kwesikhumba kanye nokumhlophe kwamehlo) |
| Ukukhathala okuvamile |
| I-Anorexia |
Ingabe kukhona ukulungiselela okudingekayo ngaphambi kwalokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi?
Uma ukuhlolwa kwakho kwe-ALT kwenziwa njengengxenye yochungechunge oluphelele lwezivivinyo, njenge-CMP, ungase ucelwe ukuba uzile ukudla cishe amahora ayi-10-12 . Ukuzila ukudla kusho ukungadli noma ukuphuza lutho ngaphandle kwamanzi.
Kodwa-ke, uma uhlolwa i-ALT kuphela, ukuzila ukudla ngokuvamile akudingeki. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubaluleke kakhulu ukutshela udokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi imithi, amavithamini, noma izithasiselo ozithathayo, njengoba eminye imithi ingathinta amazinga e-ALT. Yeka ukuthatha noma yimiphi imithi ngaphambi kokuhlolwa ngaphandle kokuthi udokotela wakho akutshele ukuthi uyeke. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha noma yimiphi imithi ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho.
Njengoba ukuzivocavoca okunzima kungathinta amazinga e-ALT, uma uvame ukuzivocavoca umzimba okunzima, tshela udokotela wakho ngakho kusenesikhathi.
Kwenzekani uma kudonswa igazi?
Inqubo yokunikela ngegazi ivame ukuba lula kakhulu.
- Uzohlaliswa esihlalweni, futhi umhlengikazi noma isikhulu sezokwelapha sizothola umthambo ofanele engalweni yakho ukuze ukhiphe igazi kuwo. Ngokuvamile, kukhethwa umthambo ngaphakathi kwendololwane.
- Bese uhlanza indawo kahle bese ufaka isibulala-magciwane.
- Inaliti encane kakhulu ifakwa emthanjeni bese kuthathwa isampula yegazi. Kuleli qophelo, kungase kuzwakale sengathi intuthwane encane iyakuluma.
- Ngemva kokufaka inaliti, inani legazi elidingekayo liqoqwa epayipini lokuhlola.
- Uma igazi selikhishiwe, inaliti iyasuswa bese kufakwa ucezu lwekotini bese lucindezelwa ukuze kumiswe ukopha.
- Vele ufake iplasta endaweni bese uqeda. Yonke inqubo akufanele ithathe imizuzu engaphezu kwemihlanu.
Asho ukuthini ngempela amanani e-ALT?
Uma uthola umbiko wakho wokuhlolwa kwegazi, uqukethe ulwazi oluningi. Ngokuvamile uthi:
- Igama lokuhlolwa okwenziwe (isb. i-Alanine Transaminase - ALT).
- Umphumela wakho (inani lakho legazi).
- Lelo ibanga elijwayelekile lokuhlolwa.
- Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umphumela wakho ujwayelekile noma awujwayelekile (uphezulu noma uphansi).
Iyini inani elijwayelekile le-ALT?
Ububanzi obujwayelekile be-ALT bungahluka kancane kusuka kwelinye ilabhorethri kuya kwelinye. Inani elivame ukwamukelwa liphakathi kwamayunithi angu-7 no-56 ngelitha (7 kuya ku-56 U/L). Amazinga e-ALT kwabesilisa avame ukuba phezulu kancane kunawabesifazane.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqhathanisa inani lakho 'ne-Reference Range' okukhulunywe ngayo embikweni wakho.
Kusho ukuthini ukuthi izinga le-ALT liphakeme?
Amazinga aphezulu e-ALT egazini abonisa ukuthi kungase kube nomonakalo noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwamaseli esibindi. Ezinye zezimbangela zamazinga aphezulu e-ALT zifaka:
- Ukulimala kwesibindi okubangelwa utshwala.
- Isifo Sesibindi Esinamafutha.
- I-Hepatitis (ukuvuvukala kwesibindi).
- I-Cirrhosis (izibazi zesibindi).
- Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ethile eyingozi (enobuthi) esibindini.
- Izimila zesibindi noma umdlavuza wesibindi.
- Ukuncipha kokunikezwa kwegazi esibindini (i-Liver Ischemia).
- Insimbi eningi emzimbeni (i-Hemochromatosis).
- Ezinye izifo, njenge-mononucleosis.
- Ezinye izimo zofuzo ezithinta isibindi.
Kodwa khumbula, i-ALT ayitholakali esibindini kuphela, ngakho-ke akuvamile kakhulu, amazinga e-ALT angakhuphuka ngisho noma amaseli onakele kwenye indawo.
Okubalulekile: Ukuba nezinga le-ALT eliphakeme akusho ukuthi unesifo sesibindi esibi kakhulu. Abantu abangaphansi kuka-5% abanamazinga aphezulu e-ALT banesifo sesibindi esibi kakhulu. Udokotela wakho uzothatha lesi sinqumo ngokusekelwe kwezinye izindinganiso embikweni wakho kanye nomlando wakho wezempilo.
Kusho ukuthini ukuthi izinga le-ALT eliphansi lisho ukuthini?
Akuvamile ukubona amazinga e-ALT ephansi kunokujwayelekile. Futhi ngokuvamile akuyona into okufanele ukhathazeke ngayo. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, amazinga e-ALT angaba phansi ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-vitamin B6 noma isifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona. Uma imiphumela yakho iphansi, udokotela wakho angenza ezinye izivivinyo ukuze abone ukuthi ikhona yini imbangela.
Zikhona yini ezinye izinto ezingathinta ushintsho emazingeni e-ALT?
Yebo. Ngaphezu kwezimo zezokwelapha, kunezinye izici eziningana ezingathinta amazinga akho e-ALT. Udokotela wakho uzozicabangela zonke lezi zinto lapho ehlaziya imiphumela yakho.
| Isici | Indlela okuthinta ngayo |
|---|---|
| Ukuzivocavoca umzimba | Ukuzivocavoca okunamandla kakhulu noma okweqile kungakhuphula amazinga e-ALT okwesikhashana. |
| Imithi | Imithi eminingi kanye nezithasiselo, okuhlanganisa nemithi yokunciphisa izinhlungu njenge-acetaminophen, ingathinta amazinga e-ALT. |
| Ubulili | Amazinga e-ALT kwabesilisa avame ukuba phezulu kancane ngenxa yezinguquko zamahomoni. |
| Ukuya esikhathini kwanyanga zonke | Amazinga e-ALT angashintshashintsha ngesikhathi somjikelezo wokuya esikhathini. |
| Ubudala | Kukhona ukuthambekela kokuthi amazinga e-ALT ehle kancane kancane njengoba iminyaka ikhula. |
| Inkomba Yesisindo Somzimba (i-BMI) | Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kanye ne-body mass index ephezulu kuhlotshaniswa namazinga aphezulu e-ALT. |
Yini oyenzayo ngokulandelayo uma uthola umphumela ongavamile?
Uma izinga lakho le-ALT lingajwayelekile, udokotela wakho angase ancome ezinye izivivinyo eziningana ukuze athole imbangela.
- Phinda ukuhlolwa kwe-ALT.
- Okunye ukuhlolwa kwegazi.
- Ama-scan afana ne-ultrasound.
- Ukuthatha ingcezu encane yezicubu esibindini ukuze ihlolwe (i-Biopsy).
Uma amazinga akho e-ALT ephezulu kakhulu noma unezimpawu zesifo sesibindi, lezi zivivinyo ezengeziwe kufanele zenziwe ngokushesha.
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?
Uma uba nezimpawu zokulimala kwesibindi, njenge-jaundice (ukuphuzi kwesikhumba) noma ubuhlungu besisu, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Uma usuvele utholakale unesifo sesibindi futhi kuvela izimpawu ezintsha, xhumana nodokotela wakho.
Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ngemiphumela yakho ye-ALT, ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho ngakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-ALT iyi-enzyme etholakala kakhulu esibindini.
- Amazinga aphezulu e-ALT egazini abonisa ukuthi kungase kube nomonakalo othile kumaseli esibindi.
- Izinga le-ALT eliphakeme lilodwa alikwazi ukukhombisa ukuthi unesifo esibi kakhulu. Izici eziningi, njengokuzivocavoca umzimba kanye nemithi, zingathinta lokhu.
- Udokotela uchaza imiphumela yakho ngokubheka impilo yakho iyonke kanye neminye imiphumela yokuhlolwa.
- Uma unenkinga ngombiko wakho, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho ngokucacile. Ungesabi ngokungadingekile.
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