Ingabe wena noma omunye umuntu emndenini wakho une-allergies? Kumelwe ukuthi uke wezwa amagama athile lapho ukhuluma nodokotela noma uwafuna ku-inthanethi, akunjalo? I-Allergen, i-Histamine, i-Anaphylaxis, i-corticosteroid ... Uma uzwa amagama anjengalawa, ungase uzizwe wesaba futhi udidekile. 'Kusho ukuthini lokhu?' Ungase ucabange. Ngakho-ke, yingakho, namuhla sizokhuluma ngencazelo elula yamanye amagama avame ukuxoxwa ngawo maqondana ne-allergies. Njengokuchazela umngane, kalula kakhulu.
Ake siqale kusukela ekuqaleni: Kuyini ukungezwani komzimba?
Kalula nje, ukungezwani komzimba kwenzeka lapho uhlelo lokuzivikela lomzimba wethu, uhlelo lokuzivikela komzimba , lusabela ngokweqile entweni engeyona ingozi ngempela. Cabanga ngohlelo lwethu lokuzivikela komzimba njengebutho elivikela izwe. Umsebenzi waleli butho ukulwa namagciwane amabi namagciwane angena emzimbeni futhi asivikele ezifweni.
Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, leli butho liyaphazamiseka kancane. Lapho izinto ezingasikhathazi ngokuvamile, njengothuli, impova, noma ukudla okuthile, zingena emizimbeni yethu, sicabanga ukuthi, 'Nansi isitha esiyingozi!' bese siqala impi enkulu naso. Kungenxa yaleyo mpi engadingekile ukuthi sithole izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba.
Obani abalingiswa abaphambili abahilelekile kulokhu?
- I-Allergen: Lesi yisici esivamile endabeni 'yesitha esiphuthelwe'. Okusho ukuthi, into ebangela umzimba wakho ukuthi usabele ku-allergen. Lokhu kungaba impova, uthuli, i-dander yezilwane, isikhunta, ukudla okuthile, noma imithi .
- Ama-antibodies: Lawa amaprotheni akhethekile akhiqizwa yisimiso sakho somzimba lapho sibona i-allergen bese sizama ukulwa nayo.
- Iseli Le-Mast: Lolu uhlobo olukhethekile lweseli olutholakala ezindaweni ezifana nesikhumba sethu, ikhala, namaphaphu. Lapho lawo ma-antibodies efika etshela la maseli ukuthi 'isitha sesifikile,' la maseli ayaqhuma futhi akhiphe ikhemikhali.
- I-Histamine: Lena yikhemikhali eyinhloko ekhishwa amaseli e-mast . Yile khemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i-histamine ebangela izimpawu eziningi ozizwayo, njengokulunywa, ikhala eligobhozayo, amehlo abomvu, kanye nesikhumba esibomvu.
Ngakho-ke, uyasiqonda isimo? I-allergen ingena emzimbeni -> amasosha omzimba ayaphazamiseka -> I-Histamine ikhishwa kumaseli e-mast -> uba nezimpawu zokungezwani komzimba.
Yiziphi izimo eziyinhloko ezibangelwa ukungezwani komzimba?
Ukungezwani komzimba kungabonakala ngezindlela eziningi ezahlukene. Abanye abantu bakubona ekhaleni, abanye emaphashini, kanti abanye esikhumbeni. Ake sibheke ezinye zezifo ezivame kakhulu.
| Isimo sokungezwani komzimba | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| I-Allergic Rhinitis (Umkhuhlane Wezinsini) | Yilokhu esikubiza nangokuthi 'ikhala eligobhozayo'. Ukuthimula njalo, ukuphuma kwamanzi ekhaleni, ikhala elicijile, amehlo alumayo, ikhala, nomphimbo. Lokhu kuvame ukubangelwa izinto ezifana nempova yesihlahla kanye nezibungu zothuli. |
| Isifuba somoya | Lokhu kwenzeka lapho izindlela zomoya ezithwala umoya emaphashini zivuvukala futhi zinciphe. Izimpawu eziyinhloko zifaka phakathi ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuqina kwesifuba, ukukhwehlela uma ukhathele, kanye nomsindo 'wokuklewula' uma uphefumula. |
| I-Urticaria (i-Hives) | Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'i-hive'. Amaqhubu abomvu, avuvukele, futhi alumayo kakhulu avela ngokuzumayo esikhumbeni. Lawa anganyamalala ngemizuzu noma amahora ambalwa, noma angabuya. |
| I-Eczema (i-Atopic Dermatitis) | Lesi yisifo sesikhumba esingamahlalakhona. Isikhumba siba soma, sibe bomvu, siqhekeke, futhi silume. Ngezinye izikhathi, kuvela amabhamuza akhipha uketshezi olunamanzi. Lokhu kuvamile kubantu abane-allergies. |
| I-Anaphylaxis | Lesi yisigaba esiyingozi kakhulu nesinzima kakhulu sokungezwani komzimba. Lokhu kusongela impilo. Kuba nzima ukuphefumula, umphimbo nolimi kuyavuvukala, umfutho wegazi uyehla ngokuzumayo, futhi kungase kube nokulahlekelwa ukwazi. Lesi yisimo esidinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo. Uma kuvela izimpawu ezinjalo, isiguli kufanele siyiswe e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela ngokushesha. |
Udokotela uhlonza kanjani ukuthi kukhona ukungezwani komzimba?
Uma usola ukuthi une-allergy, udokotela uzoqala akubuze ngemininingwane ngezimpawu zakho. Ngemuva kwalokho, bangenza izivivinyo ezithile ukuthola imbangela eqondile ye-allergy.
- Ukuhlolwa Kokuhlatshwa Kwesikhumba: Lokhu kuhilela ukubeka amaconsi ambalwa oketshezi olwenziwe ngento ocabanga ukuthi une-allergy kuyo esikhumbeni sakho bese uyihlaba nge-pruck encane. Uma kungakapheli imizuzu eyi-15-20, enye yezindawo iba bomvu futhi kuvela i-welt, njengokulunywa umiyane, khona-ke une-allergy kuleyo nto.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi (RAST/ELISA): Ngezinye izikhathi kuthathwa isampula yegazi ukuze kuhlolwe ukuthi umzimba wakho unama-antibodies yini ngokumelene ne-allergen ethile.
- Ukudla Kokuqeda : Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuthola ukungezwani nokudla. Uqeda ngokuphelele ukudla okuthile osola ukuthi une-allergy kukho izinsuku ezimbalwa noma amasonto ukuze ubone ukuthi izimpawu zakho ziyathuthuka yini. Bese, uphinda ukubuyisele ngakunye ukuze ubone ukuthi izimpawu zakho ziyabuya yini. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ngaphansi kwesiqondiso sikadokotela.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-allergies?
Uma welapha i-allergy, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuhlala kude kakhulu ne-allergen ngangokunokwenzeka. Kodwa lokho akwenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi. Yilapho-ke kudingeka khona imithi.
Imithi esetshenziswa kakhulu
- I-Antihistamine: Lezi yizinhlobo zemithi ezivame kakhulu. Zisebenza ngokuvimbela ukusebenza kwe-histamine esikhulume ngayo ekuqaleni. Lokhu kulawula izimpawu ezifana nokulunywa kanye nekhala eligobhozayo.
- I-Decongestant: Uma ikhala lixinene, libangela ukuthi imithambo yegazi evuvukele ekhaleni inciphe, okunciphisa ukuminyana.
- Ama-Corticosteroids: Lawa yimithi enamandla kakhulu yokulwa nokuvuvukala. Okusho ukuthi, alawula ukuvuvukala. Atholakala njengezifutho zamakhala, ama-inhaler, ama-creams angaphandle, kanye namaphilisi.
- Ama-Bronchodilator: Uhlobo lwe-inhaler olunikezwa abantu abane-asthma. Lokhu kusebenza ngokwandisa imigudu yomoya emincane, okwenza kube lula ukuphefumula.
- I-Epinephrine: Lokhu kunikezwa esimweni esiyingozi kakhulu esikhulume ngaso, i-Anaphylaxis . Lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha ephuthumayo. Kwabanye abantu abane-allergies enzima, udokotela angase anikeze i-auto-injector ukuze ayisebenzise esimweni esiphuthumayo.
- Ukwelashwa nge-immunotherapy:Lokhu ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside. Kubizwa nangokuthi 'imijovo ye-Allergy'. Okwenzayo lapha ukufaka umzimba wakho inani elincane kakhulu lento onayo i-allergy, kancane kancane, esikhathini esithile. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amasosha omzimba wakho ayajwayela futhi ayeki ukusabela ngokweqile. Lokhu kungasiza cishe ekulawuleni ngokuphelele i-allergy yakho.
Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila kanye nokuvimbela
- Isihlungi se-HEPA: Lokhu kusho ukuthi Isihlungi Somoya Esisebenza Kakhulu. Isihlanzi somoya esinalesi sihlungi sisusa izinhlayiya ezincane kakhulu njengothuli nempova emoyeni ekhaya lakho, sihlanza umoya.
- Akunazo izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba: Uma une-allergies yesikhumba, khetha imikhiqizo enaleli gama. Lokhu kusho ukuthi imikhiqizo yenzelwe ukunciphisa ingozi yokubangela ukungezwani komzimba.
- Ukuhlanza Ikhala: Ukugeza ingaphakathi lekhala ngamanzi anosawoti (amanzi anosawoti) kungasusa izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba ezivaleleke ekhaleni futhi kunciphise ukuminyana kwekhala.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukungezwani komzimba akusona isifo, kodwa ukusabela okungafuneki kwesimiso somzimba wethu sokuzivikela.
- Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukwazi kahle ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba ezikubangela ukungezwani komzimba bese uzigwema ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Kunemithi ephumelela kakhulu yokulawula izimpawu. Kodwa-ke, ungalokothi uthathe noma yimuphi umuthi ozizwa ungcono ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela.
- Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezinzima njengobunzima bokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala komphimbo/ulimi, noma ama-hives, kungaba yi-anaphylaxis . Kuyisimo esiphuthumayo, ngakho-ke hamba uye esibhedlela ngokushesha.
- Ungesabi ukubona la mazwi. Ukuwaqonda kuzokusiza ukuthi ukhulume nodokotela wakho ngesimo sakho futhi wenze izinqumo ezifanele .
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