Sonke siyazi ukuthi kubaluleke kangakanani ngathi ukuphefumula ukuze sisinde. Kunjalo nangobuchopho bethu. Amangqamuzana obuchopho adinga ukuhlinzekwa okuqhubekayo komoya-mpilo . Cabanga nje, uma ukuhlinzekwa komoya-mpilo ebuchosheni kunqanyulwa imizuzu emi-4 noma ngaphezulu, amangqamuzana obuchopho aqala ukufa. Lokhu kungabangela umonakalo omkhulu kakhulu, ngezinye izikhathi ongenakulungiseka ebuchosheni. Namuhla sikhuluma ngalesi simo esiyingozi, kodwa sonke sidinga ukuqaphela lesi simo.
Kuyini ukulimala kobuchopho okubangelwa yi-hypoxic kanye ne-anoxic?
La magama amabili angase azwakale eyinkimbinkimbi kancane, kodwa empeleni alula kakhulu. Ake sibone.
Ubuchopho busebenzisa ingxenye eyodwa kwezinhlanu zomoya-mpilo emzimbeni wethu. Ubuchopho abukwazi ukusebenza kahle ngaphandle komoya-mpilo, buthumela imiyalezo ngemizwa futhi bugcine konke emzimbeni kusebenza kahle.
- Ukulimala Kobuchopho Okungena-Hypoxic: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho inani lomoya-mpilo ofinyelela ebuchosheni lincipha. Alipheli ngokuphelele, kodwa lincane kakhulu kunenani elidingekayo.
- Ukulimala Kobuchopho Okungena-Oxidative: Lokhu kubi kakhulu. Lapha, ubuchopho buphelelwa umoya-mpilo ngokuphelele.
Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela basebenzisa la magama ndawonye. Kodwa-ke, womabili la magama angabangela umonakalo omkhulu ebuchosheni. Uma umuntu ehlala isikhathi eside engenawo umoya-mpilo, angangena e-coma noma ngisho nasekufeni kobuchopho.
Yini ebangela ukuthi ubuchopho buntule umoya-mpilo?
Ukunikezwa komoya-mpilo ebuchosheni kunganqanyulwa noma kuncishiswe ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene, ezinye zazo esingase singaziqapheli.
| Imbangela | Incazelo Elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo | Uma inhliziyo ima, ubuchopho abutholi umoya-mpilo ngoba abupompi igazi. |
| Ukuminyana/Ukuminyana | Ukungakwazi ukuphefumula ngenxa yezinto ezifana nokuminyana noma ukuklinywa. |
| Sekuseduze nokuminza | Uma amaphaphu egcwele amanzi, awakwazi ukuthola umoya-mpilo. |
| Ukuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya okukhulu | Ubunzima bokuphefumula buba nzima kakhulu. |
| Ukuphefumula amagesi anobuthi | Ukuphefumula umusi onobuthi njenge-carbon monoxide. |
| Ukweqisa izidakamizwa/Ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ngokweqile | Amanye ama-toxin nezidakamizwa kuyaphazamisa ukuphefumula. |
| Umfutho wegazi ophansi ngenxa yokulahlekelwa igazi | Uma kulahleka igazi eliningi engozini enkulu, umfutho wegazi uyehla futhi ukugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni kuyehla. |
| Ukushaqeka kukagesi, ukuxhuzula okukhulu | Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukuphefumula nakho kungathinteka. |
Ziyini izimpawu zalesi simo?
Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi ngokuvamile kungenzeka phakathi nemizuzwana eyi-15 yokuntuleka komoya-mpilo ebuchosheni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zimpawu zingavela ngokuzumayo.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu: Uma ubona umuntu onalezi zimpawu, kuyisimo esiphuthumayo. Kufanele umyise eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngokushesha .
- Ukungakwazi ukuhlanganisa amagama noma ukukhuluma kahle
- Ukudideka, ukulahlekelwa inkumbulo
- Ukugoba kobuso
- Izindebe nesikhumba ziphenduka zibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/mpunga
- Ukuphefumula okujulile kakhulu noma okusheshayo
- Abafundi abavulekile
- Ayiphenduli igama
- Ukuquleka
Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu?
Ngokuvamile, lapho isiguli silethwa ku -ETU futhi sibuzwa ukuthi kwenzekeni (isibonelo, ukuminza, ukuminza ukudla), odokotela banomqondo omuhle. Kodwa ukuze bathole ukuthi ukulimala kubucayi kangakanani, benza izivivinyo ezimbalwa.
- I-CT scan noma i-MRI scan: Lokhu kungabheka umonakalo ezicutshini zobuchopho, njengokuvuvukala.
- I-EEG (i-Electroencephalogram): Lokhu kulinganisa umsebenzi kagesi wobuchopho. Lokhu kusiza ekunqumeni ukuthi ubuchopho busebenza kangakanani.
- I-Angiography: Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvinjelwa emithanjeni yegazi ehambisa igazi ebuchosheni.
- Ukuhlolwa kwamandla avuselelwe: Lokhu kuhlola ukuthi ubuchopho buyasabela yini emizweni efana nokubona, ukuzwa, kanye nokuthinta.
Iphathwa kanjani?
Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Uma usulethwe esibhedlela, odokotela bazozama ukunikeza ubuchopho umoya-mpilo owanele ngokushesha okukhulu. Bazokunikeza nemithi yokulawula umfutho wegazi lakho kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo.
Ukwelashwa kuyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi isimo sesiguli sibucayi kangakanani. Ngokuvamile, isiguli singeniswa egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile (ICU) futhi sixhunywe kumshini wokuphefumula ukuze usisize siphefumule.
Kwezinye izimo ezinzima kakhulu, kusetshenziswa ukwelashwa okukhethekile okubizwa ngokuthi i-Therapeutic Hypothermia .
Iyini le ndlela yokwelapha umzimba epholisa umzimba?
Lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha ekhethekile. Okwenziwa lapha ukusebenzisa izingubo zokulala ezikhethekile ukulawula nokwehlisa izinga lokushisa lomzimba libe ngama-degree Celsius angu-32-34 cishe amahora angama-24. Ngemuva kwalokho umzimba ubuyiselwa kancane kancane ekushiseni okuvamile. Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi lokhu kunganciphisa ukuvuvukala nomonakalo ebuchosheni. Kuphinde kusize ekuvikeleni ubuchopho ngokunciphisa inani lomoya-mpilo namandla adingekayo ngamaseli obuchopho.
Imiphumela engaba khona yesikhathi eside ngemva kokululama
Ngisho nangemva kokuba umuntu ephinde waqonda ngemva kokulimala okukhulu kobuchopho, kungaba nemiphumela ehlala isikhathi eside. Lokhu kungaba ngokomzimba, ngokwengqondo, noma ngokokuziphatha.
- Imiphumela yomzimba: Ubuhlungu bekhanda, ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi lapho uhamba, izinkinga zokubona, ukuxhuzula , ubunzima bokukhuluma nokugwinya, ukulahlekelwa umuzwa womzimba, izinguquko ezindleleni zokulala.
- Imiphumela yengqondo neyokuziphatha: ukulahlekelwa inkumbulo, ukucindezeleka, ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo, ukudideka, ukungakwazi ukucabanga ngokunengqondo, izinguquko zobuntu (ukuzizwa sengathi awuseyena umuntu ofanayo owawunguye ngaphambili), kanye nokucasuka.
Kungenzeka kanjani ukululama?
Ukuthi umuntu ululama kahle kangakanani kuncike ezintweni eziningana:
- Ubuchopho babunesikhathi esingakanani ngaphandle komoya-mpilo?
- Umonakalo wobuchopho ungakanani?
- Ubuneminyaka emingaki ngesikhathi kwenzeka ingozi? (Labo abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-50 banamathuba amaningi okululama)
- Uhlale isikhathi esingakanani usesimweni sokungakhululeki?
Ukulimala okuncane kuvame ukuphola ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwemiphumela yesikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, ukulimala okukhulu kungathatha izinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka ukuphola. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukululama okuphelele kungase kungenzeki.
Kumuntu onjengalona, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi inqubo yokuphulukiswa iqale ukwelashwa kokuvuselelwa ngochwepheshe abafana nabelaphi bomzimba, abelaphi bokukhuluma, kanye nabelaphi bomsebenzi ngokushesha okukhulu.
Lolu hlobo lwengozi lungavinjelwa kanjani?
Uma umuntu elahlekelwa ingqondo futhi inhliziyo yakhe iyeka ukushaya, i-CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) , okuyi-heart massage kanye nokuphefumula ngomlomo, ingasiza ekugcineni igazi nomoya-mpilo othile ungena ebuchosheni kuze kufike usizo lwezokwelapha. Lokhu kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokulimala kobuchopho okukhulu. Ukufunda ukwenza i-CPR kungasiza ekusindiseni impilo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, landela lezi zinyathelo zokuphepha:
- Gwema izingozi ezihlobene namanzi. Qaphela ngisho noma izingane zisezindlini zokugezela.
- Faka izinto zokuthola intuthu kanye nezinto zokuthola i-carbon monoxide ekhaya lakho.
- Uma othile edle ubuthi, myise esibhedlela ngokushesha. Uma kudingeka, ungashayela iNational Poison Information Centre eColombo National Hospital ukuze uthole iseluleko.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-oksijini iwukuphila ebuchosheni bakho. Ngisho nemizuzu embalwa ngaphandle kwayo iyingozi kakhulu.
- Uma umuntu ekhuluma ngokungazelelwe, elahlekelwa ingqondo, noma ephenduka abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha.
- Uma ubona lezi zimpawu, ungenzi lutho olunye bese uyisa isiguli e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela ngokushesha okukhulu.
- Nakuba ukululama kungenzeka, kuncike ebunzimeni bomonakalo, futhi ukwelashwa kokuvuselelwa kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Ngokufunda ukwenza i-CPR, nawe ungasiza ekusindiseni impilo yomunye umuntu futhi uvimbele ukulimala okukhulu kobuchopho esimweni esinjengalesi.
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