Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba futhi ushaqekile lapho udokotela wengane yakho ekutshela ukuthi kukhona imbobo enhliziyweni yakhe. Ungase ucabange, "Hawu Nkulunkulu, kwenzekeni enganeni yami?" Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Lesi simo sivame kakhulu kwezokwelapha. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngale mbobo enhliziyweni, okuyilokho esikubiza ngokuthi `(Atrial Septal Defect - ASD)` kwezokwelapha, kanye nokwelashwa okusetshenziselwa ukuyilapha, okungukuthi `(ASD Closure)`.
Kalula nje, iyini i-ASD?
Inhliziyo yethu inezindawo ezine eziyinhloko. Amakamelo amabili aphezulu abizwa ngokuthi i-atria. Kukhona udonga (septum) phakathi kwala ma-atria amabili. I-Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) imbobo engavamile kulolu donga.
Cabanga ngakho, cishe zonke izingane zizalwa zinembobo encane kulolu donga. Lokho kuvamile. Lo mbobo uzivalela ngokwawo zingakapheli amasonto noma izinyanga ezimbalwa umntwana ezelwe. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, lo mbobo ungakhula kancane, noma ungakwazi ukuvala ngokwawo. Yilapho-ke siwubiza ngokuthi yi-ASD.
Ingabe lo mgodi udinga ukuvalwa? Ubani odinga lokhu kwelashwa?
Uma imbobo incane kakhulu , ingase ingabangeli izinkinga. Mhlawumbe akukho ukwelashwa okudingekayo. Kodwa uma imbobo inkulu, ingaba yinkinga.
Okwenzekayo ukuthi ngenxa yalo mgodi, igazi elivela kwelinye igumbi lenhliziyo liqala ukuvuza liye kwelinye igumbi elingafanele. Ngemuva kwalokho inhliziyo namaphaphu kufanele asebenze kanzima kunokuvamile. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni ezahlukahlukene.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukwelapha lokhu ngaphambi kokuba kuvele izinkinga. Ngakho-ke uma udokotela wakho encoma lokhu kuhlinzwa, ungesabi.
Izinkinga eziyinhloko ezingaba khona ngenxa yalesi simo yilezi:
- Izigqi zenhliziyo ezingajwayelekile, ezaziwa nangokuthi izimo ze-`(Arrhythmia)`. Isibonelo, `(Atrial Fibrillation)` noma `(Atrial Flutter)`.
- Ukukhula kwenhliziyo.
- Ingozi yokwehluleka kwenhliziyo.
- Umfutho wegazi ophezulu emaphashini (Pulmonary Hypertension).
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula.
- Ingozi yokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi.
Uma wena noma ingane yakho nisengozini yalezi zinkinga, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuvala imbobo (ASD Closure). Futhi, uma uhlinzwa esinye isifo senhliziyo, udokotela wakho angase anqume ukuvala imbobo ngesikhathi esifanayo. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukwenziwa ezinganeni ezincane ukuvimbela ukulimala kwenhliziyo esikhathini esizayo.
Ungawuvala kanjani umgodi? Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko!
Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko ezisetshenziswa ukuvala le mbobo: ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo evulekile kanye nezindlela ezingahlinzwa kusetshenziswa i-catheter. Udokotela wakho wenhliziyo uzonquma ukuthi iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu ngesimo sakho.
| Indlela yokwelapha | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| 1. Ukuhlinzwa Kwenhliziyo Okuvulekile (Ukuvalwa Kokuhlinzwa) | Kulokhu, kwenziwa ukusika esifubeni, kufinyelele ngqo enhliziyweni bese kuvalwa umgodi. I-patch yokwenziwa, ezinye izicubu zomzimba, noma izithungo zingasetshenziswa ukuvala umgodi. Lokhu kwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile. |
| 2. Ukuvalwa kwe-Transcatheter | Lokhu akudingi ukusikwa okukhulu. Ipayipi elincane kakhulu (i-catheter) lidluliselwa ngemithambo yegazi endaweni ye-groin liye enhliziyweni, bese kudluliswa idivayisi ekhethekile (idivayisi yokuvala) ukuze kuvalwe imbobo. Isikhathi sokuphulukiswa sifushane, futhi akusekho isilonda esikhulu esisele. |
Okuningi mayelana nokuvalwa kwe-Transcatheter
Uma imbobo enhliziyweni yakho incane futhi ungenazo ezinye izinkinga zenhliziyo, le ndlela ivame ukukhethwa. Kule ndlela, isiguli asilali ngokuphelele. Kusetshenziswa umuthi wokudambisa umzimba kancane. Udokotela usebenzisa i-catheter efakwe ngokusikwa okuncane embotsheni ukuze aqondise i-catheter enhliziyweni esebenzisa amasu e-X-ray kanye ne-echocardiogram. Idivayisi evala imbobo ibe isibekwe kahle bese i-catheter isuswa. Ukululama kushesha kakhulu ngale ndlela.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokwelashwa? Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama?
Kuye ngokwelashwa okutholayo, kungadingeka uhlale esibhedlela usuku noma ngaphezulu. Ithimba lezokwelapha lizokuqapha ngokucophelela.
- Uma uke wahlinzwa ngokuhlinzwa okuvulekile , kufanele ugweme imisebenzi enzima njengokuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo amasonto ambalwa.
- Uma uke wahlinzwa nge-catheter , ungabuyela emisebenzini yakho evamile phakathi nesonto.
Ngemva kokwelashwa, thatha imithi yokuvimbela ukuqhekeka kwegazi cishe izinyanga eziyisithuphaKuzodingeka uyithathe. Futhi, ikakhulukazi uma welashwa ngamazinyo, udokotela wakho uzokweluleka ukuthi uthathe ama-antibiotic ukuze uvimbele ukutheleleka.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uya kudokotela ngezinsuku ezihleliwe. Kuzodingeka wenze izivivinyo eziningana, njenge-"Echocardiogram" kanye ne-"Electrocardiogram - ECG", ukuze ubone ukuthi ukwelashwa kuphumelele yini.
Ingabe zikhona izingozi kulokhu kwelashwa?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha, kunezingozi ezincane. Kodwa-ke, ngokuvamile kuyindlela yokwelapha ephephile kakhulu futhi esebenza kahle. Izingozi ezingaba khona yilezi:
- Ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezisetshenziswa ekwelapheni.
- Ukuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo (i-Arrhythmia).
- Ukopha.
- Ukulimala kwezicubu zenhliziyo noma imithambo yegazi (lokhu akuvamile kakhulu).
- Ukutheleleka okuzungeze indawo yokusikwa noma ithuluzi elivale imbobo.
- Ukuhlaselwa yi-Stroke noma i-Ischemic Yesikhashana.
Udokotela wakho uzokhuluma nawe ngalezi zingozi. Akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho, isikhathi esiningi lezi zinto azenzeki.
Kukuziphi izimo lapho udinga ukubonana nodokotela ngokushesha?
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ngemva kokwelashwa kwakho, kufanele ushayele udokotela wakho ucingo ngokushesha noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
| Izimpawu zesixwayiso okufanele uziqaphele | |
|---|---|
| - Igazi, ubomvu, noma olunye uketshezi oluphuma esigaxeni. | - Ubuhlungu besifuba. |
| - Ukulahlekelwa ingqondo noma ukudideka. | - Imfiva. |
| - Ubuhlungu abukhuli noma abunciphi naphezu kokuthatha imithi yokwelapha izinhlungu. | - Ubunzima bokuphefumula. |
| - Izinguquko ekushayweni kwenhliziyo (ukuzizwa sengathi ushaya ngamandla esifubeni). | |
Ekuphetheni, i-ASD Closure iyindlela yokwelapha ebaluleke kakhulu evikela impilo yenhliziyo namaphaphu, okusiza wena noma ingane yakho ukuba niphile impilo ende nenempilo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-atrial septal defect (ASD) imbobo odongeni phakathi kwamakamelo amabili aphezulu enhliziyo.
- Ngenxa yokuthi izimbobo ezinkulu zibangela ukucindezeleka okukhulu enhliziyweni nasemaphashini, kubalulekile ukuzivala ukuze kuvinjelwe izinkinga zesikhathi esizayo.
- Kunezindlela zokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo evulekile kanye nezindlela ezingezona ezokuhlinzwa ezisebenzisa i-catheter ukuvala lokhu. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu kuwe.
- Ngemva kokwelashwa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela ngqo nokuya emitholampilo ngezinsuku ezihleliwe.
- Lokhu kwelashwa kwandisa isikhathi sokuphila futhi kusiza kakhulu ekuphileni impilo enempilo.
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