Sivame ukuzwa izindaba ezinjengokuthi "Indoda ephilile ihlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo ngokuzumayo." Eqinisweni, isikhathi esiningi, ngemuva kwezifo ezinjalo eziphuthumayo neziyingozi kukhona isitha esithule ebesilokhu sakheka emizimbeni yethu iminyaka eminingi. Leso sitha sibizwa ngokuthi "i-Atheroma." Kalula nje, lokhu kungqimba lwamafutha ne-cholesterol enqwabelana emithanjeni yegazi yethu. Abanye abantu bakubiza nangokuthi "i-plaque."
Iyini ngempela i-atheroma?
Cabanga ngepayipi lamanzi endlini yakho. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukungcola nokugqwala kuyakheka ngaphakathi kwepayipi, okubangela izimbobo epayipini futhi kunciphisa inani lamanzi angageleza kulo. Into efanayo iyenzeka ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi yethu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izinto ezifana namafutha, i-cholesterol, ne-calcium ziqala ukwakheka ngaphakathi kwale mithambo ethwala igazi emizimbeni yethu. Lokhu kwakheka kubizwa ngokuthi i-atheroma, noma i-plaque .
Lolu ngqimba lwe-atheroma alunawo into eyodwa. Luyingxube yezinto.
| Okuqukethwe kwengqimba ye-atheroma | Kwenzekani kubo? |
|---|---|
| I-cholesterol namanye amafutha | Lezi yizingxenye eziyinhloko ze-atheroma. |
| I-calcium | Uma i-calcium ingezwa, lolu ngqimba olunamafutha luyaqina futhi luqine. Lokhu yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi "ukuqina kwemithambo yegazi." |
| Amaseli egazi namaprotheni | Amaseli ahlukahlukene namaprotheni egazini nawo anamathela kulolu ngqimba, okwenza lube lukhulu nakakhulu. |
| Amaseli okuvuvukala | Amaseli avela ngenxa yezimo zokuvuvukala emzimbeni nawo ahilelekile kule nqubo. |
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi i-atheroma ayisona isimila. Iyinkinga yempilo ehlobene nemithambo yegazi kanye nenhliziyo.
Kungani i-atheroma iyingozi?
Lolu ngqimba olunamafutha lungasilimaza ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko uma lunqwabelana emithanjeni yethu yegazi.
1. Ukuncishiswa kancane kancane kwemithambo yegazi: Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lolu ngqimba lwe-atheroma lukhula kancane kancane. Bese indlela yokugeleza kwegazi iba ncane. Cabanga ngakho njengokwakha izindlu ezinhlangothini zombili zomgwaqo nokuchoboza umgwaqo. Lokhu kunciphisa inani legazi eliya ezithweni ezibalulekile njengenhliziyo, ubuchopho kanye nemilenze.
2. Ukuqhuma okungazelelwe kanye nokwakheka kwehlule legazi: Lena yinto eyingozi kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi lolu ngqimba olunamafutha lungaqhuma ngokuzumayo. Njengoba indawo eqhumile ibukeka njengenxeba, umzimba wethu wakha ihlule legazi ukuze welaphe inxeba. Ngenxa yalelo hlule legazi, umthambo wegazi ungavaleka ngokuphelele ngokuzumayo.
- Uma lokhu kuqhekeka kwegazi kwakheka emthanjeni wenhliziyo ohlinzeka ngegazi enhliziyweni , kuvela ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo .
- Uma umthambo wegazi ohambisa igazi ebuchosheni uvaleka , kuba khona isifo sohlangothi .
Umehluko phakathi kwe-Atheroma ne-Atherosclerosis
Nakuba la magama amabili ebonakala efana uma uzwa wona, kunomehluko omncane.
- I-Atheroma: Lokhu kubhekisela ekuqongeleleni kwamafutha okuqongeleleka ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi. Lena yinto ebangela lesi sifo.
- I-atherosclerosis: Lesi yisimo lapho ama-fat deposits (i-atheroma) eqoqana khona ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi.
Kalula nje, i-atheroma 'ukungcola' okuqoqana emithanjeni yegazi. I-atherosclerosis 'yisifo' salowo kungcola. Lesi sifo asiveli ngobusuku obubodwa. Sivela kancane kancane eminyakeni eminingi, mhlawumbe kusukela sisebancane.
Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola i-atheroma?
Imbangela eyinhloko ye-atheroma ukulimala kolwelwesi oluthambile (i-endothelium) lwemithambo yegazi. Kunezici eziningana ezibangela lo monakalo, okungukuthi, ukwandisa ingozi yokuthola i-atherosclerosis.
- I-cholesterol ephezulu: Amazinga aphezulu kakhulu e-cholesterol "embi" (LDL).
- Umfutho wegazi ophakeme: Uma umfutho wegazi ukhuphuka, kunethuba elikhulu lokulimala kwemithambo yegazi.
- Isifo Sikashukela: Amazinga kashukela egazini angalawulwa angalimaza imithambo yegazi.
- Ukubhema: Amakhemikhali akugwayi alimaza ngqo imithambo yegazi.
- Ukudla okungenampilo: Ukudla njalo ukudla okunamafutha amaningi, ushukela, usawoti (ikakhulukazi amafutha agcwele kanye namafutha e-trans).
- Ukuguga: Amadoda angaphezu kweminyaka engu-45 kanye nabesifazane abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-55 basengozini enkulu.
- Umlando womndeni: Uma othile emndenini wakho eke waba nesifo senhliziyo esemncane, nawe usengozini enkulu.
- Izifo zokuvuvukala: Ukuba nezifo ezibangela ukuvuvukala emzimbeni, njenge-rheumatoid arthritis.
Yiziphi izimpawu eziboniswa umzimba?
Into eyesabekayo ngalokhu ukuthi isikhathi esiningi azikho izimpawu . Ungase ungaboni lutho kuze kube yilapho umthambo wegazi uvalekile ngaphezu kuka-70%. Uma kuvela izimpawu, zizoncika emthanjeni wegazi ovalekile.
| Umthambo wegazi othintekile | Izimpawu ezingaba khona |
|---|---|
| Imithambo yegazi ye-coronary (imithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi enhliziyweni) | Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukuqina okwenzeka lapho uzivocavoca noma ukhuphuka izitebhisi (i-angina eqinile). Buyaphela uma uphumula. |
| Imithambo yegazi ye-carotid (imithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi ebuchosheni) | Izimpawu zesifo sohlangothi. Isibonelo: ukugoba komlomo, ukungazweli engalweni noma emlenzeni, ubunzima bokukhuluma. |
| Imithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi emilenzeni (imithambo ye-Iliac noma ye-femoral) | Ubuhlungu emilenzeni, ikakhulukazi endaweni yezinsini, lapho uhamba. Ubuhlungu buyaphela uma ume unganyakazi isikhashana (claudication). |
| Imithambo yezinso | Umfutho wegazi ophakeme okunzima ukuwulawula, ukwehla kokusebenza kwezinso. |
Ngenxa yokuthi azikho izimpawu ezinjengalezi, kubalulekile ukuthi labo abanezici eziyingozi bahlolwe njalo ngeseluleko sikadokotela .
Ungasilawula kanjani lesi simo?
Kukhona into eyodwa ebalulekile okudingeka siyiqonde lapha. Okusho ukuthi, akunakwenzeka ukususa ngokuphelele noma ukuguqula ungqimba lwe-atheroma oluvele selukhona.Kodwa-ke, singayivimba le nkinga ukuthi ingabi yimbi kakhulu noma siyinciphise kakhulu. Ukushintsha indlela yokuphila futhi, uma kudingeka, imithi ingasiza kakhulu.
Lezi ezinye zezinto ongazenza ukuze uvikele imithambo yegazi yakho.
- Gwema ukubhema ngokuphelele: Uma ubhema, ukuyeka ukubhema kuyisinqumo esingcono kakhulu ongasenza. Uma kudingeka, cela usizo kudokotela wakho ngalokhu.
- Yamukela ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo: Gwema ukudla okunamafutha amaningi, ukudla okuthosiwe, ukudla okusheshayo, amakhekhe, namabhisikidi ngangokunokwenzeka. Nciphisa ukudla okunamafutha amaningi agcwele kanye namafutha e-trans. Kunalokho, faka imifino, izithelo, ubhontshisi, amantongomane, nenhlanzi ekudleni kwakho. Nciphisa ukudla kwakho ushukela, usawoti, kanye nofulawa ocolisisiwe.
- Vivinya umzimba njalo: Hamba, gijima, noma ugibele ibhayisikili okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku, okungenani izinsuku ezi-5 ngesonto. Kodwa khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala isimiso esisha sokuzivocavoca.
- Sebenzisa imithi yakho oyinikezwe udokotela njengoba uyalelwe: Uma unesifo se-cholesterol, umfutho wegazi, noma isifo sikashukela, thatha imithi yakho njengoba uyalelwe udokotela wakho, ngezikhathi ezifanele. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha imithi yakho ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho.
- Thola ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha kwaminyaka yonke: Vakashela udokotela wakho okungenani kanye ngonyaka bese uhlolwa i-cholesterol yakho, ushukela wegazi kanye nomfutho wegazi. Ngaleyo ndlela, ungakwazi ukubona noma yiziphi izinkinga kusenesikhathi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Atheroma iyisitha esingabonakali esakheka ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi yethu futhi singakhula ngaphandle kokubonisa izimpawu.
- I-cholesterol ephezulu, umfutho wegazi ophezulu, isifo sikashukela, futhi ikakhulukazi ukubhema kungenza lesi simo sibe sibi kakhulu ngokushesha.
- Ungase ungazizwa ungakhululekile kuze kube yilapho umthambo wegazi uvalekile ngaphezu kuka-70%. Ngakho-ke qaphela izinto eziyingozi.
- Nakuba ingelapheki ngokuphelele, ukukhula kwayo kungalawulwa ngendlela yokuphila enempilo kanye nokwelashwa okufanele.
- Njalo nakekela impilo yakho. Uma unemibuzo noma ukungabaza, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho.
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