Njengabazali kulezi zinsuku, sicabanga kakhulu ngezingane zethu, akunjalo? Siqaphela kakhulu intuthuko yengane, inkulumo, kanye nokuziphatha kwayo nabanye. Okwamanje, kumelwe ukuthi uke wezwa igama elithi ' autism ' kaningi. Mhlawumbe unokwesaba okuncane noma ukungabaza engqondweni yakho ngokuthi lesi simo sisakazeke ngempela. Ungakhathazeki. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokwethembeka nangokulula namuhla.
I-Autism Spectrum kanye nezibalo ezikhulayo
Okokuqala, ake siqonde ukuthi iyini i-autism. Kalula nje, akusona isifo. Kuyiqoqo lezinguquko zokukhula ebuchosheni. Lokhu kungabangela ingane ukuthi ixhumane nabanye emphakathini, ixhumane, futhi iziphathe ngendlela ehlukile.
Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "i-spectrum" ngoba uhlobo kanye nobukhali bezimpawu kuyahlukahluka kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu. Ezinye izingane zingase zibe nezimpawu ezincane, kanti ezinye zingase zidinge ukwesekwa okwengeziwe. Izimo ezifana ne-'Asperger's syndrome' kanye ne-'Pervasive Developmental Disorder -- Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS)' nazo ziwela kulolu hlu olubanzi.
Manje bheka lezi zibalo. Ngawo-1970 nawo-1980, cishe ingane eyodwa kuphela kwezingu-2,000 yatholakala inalesi simo. Kodwa namuhla, kwamanye amazwe athuthukile, izinhlangano ezifana ne-CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) zithi cishe ingane eyodwa kwezingu-150 eneminyaka engu-8 ubudala ingaba nohlobo oluthile lwe- autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
Imibuzo emibili ifika engqondweni uma umuntu ebona lezi zinombolo:
1. Ingabe inani lezingane ezine-autism likhuphuke ngempela? Noma ingabe kungenxa yokuthi sesiyazi kakhulu manje futhi odokotela sebeyayibona ngokushesha?
2. Uma lesi simo sesikhulile ngempela, siyini isizathu saso?
Ingabe ukwanda kwangempela? Noma ushintsho endleleni abantu ababona ngayo izinto?
Kunemibono ehlukene phakathi kochwepheshe ngalokhu. Abanye bathi lokhu akusikho ukwanda, kodwa "ukushintshana kokuxilonga". Okusho ukuthi, ingane eyatholakala inesifo 'sokulibaziseka kwengqondo' noma elinye igama eminyakeni eyi-10-15 eyedlule manje ingase ikhonjwe ngokufanele njengengane 'eku-autism spectrum' enolwazi olusha lwezokwelapha. Kuze kube ngu-1992, i-autism yayingenalo uhlobo oluhlukile ngisho nasesimisweni sesikole.
Futhi, esikhathini esidlule, lapho abantu becabanga nge-autism, babecabanga ngesimo esibi kakhulu, esikhubazekile ngokwengqondo. Kodwa namuhla, izingane eziningi ezitholakale zinaso zinezinhlobo ezincane zalesi simo.
Nokho, ochwepheshe abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi esikhundleni sokuphikisana ngalezi zibalo,Kubalulekile ukuthola izimpendulo zombuzo othi, "Kungani ingane eyodwa kwezingu-150 inalesi simo?" Ngoba manje sekusobala ukuthi lesi simo sivame kakhulu kunalokho esasikucabanga ngaphambili.
Kungani kunzima kangaka ukuthola izizathu?
Ungase uzibuze ukuthi kungani kunzima ukuthola imbangela eqondile. Ochwepheshe bathi ukuthola imbangela ye-autism kungaba nzima kakhulu kunokuthola imbangela yomdlavuza.
Cabanga ngakho, singabona umdlavuza nge-X-ray, i-scan, noma i-biopsy. Kodwa akukho ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuthembekile, i-biomarker, noma i-brain scan engahlonza ngokunembile i-autism.
Lokho kusho ukuthi ayikho imbangela eyodwa yalokhu. Kufana nephazili okunzima ukuyixazulula. Okwamanje kuyamukelwa ukuthi lesi yisimo esibangelwa inhlanganisela yezici zofuzo kanye nezemvelo .
| Izinto eziyinhloko ezingase zibangele | Ake sithole nje ngakho. |
|---|---|
| Ithonya Lofuzo | Izifundo zamawele zibonisa ukuthi izakhi zofuzo zidlala indima enkulu. Uma iwele elilodwa elifanayo line-autism, elinye linethuba elingu-75% lokuyithola. Ukukhula kweminyaka kamama nobaba nakho kungaba yimbangela yengozi. Izimo ezithile zezakhi zofuzo, njenge -Fragile X syndrome , zihlotshaniswa nephesenti elincane lamacala. |
| Ithonya Lemvelo | Lesi simo singakhula enganeni esengozini yofuzo ngenxa yethonya lemvelo. Isibonelo, kwenziwa ucwaningo ngokuchayeka kukamama ezibulala-zinambuzane eziningi kakhulu noma kwamanye amakhemikhali ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa . Lokhu kusesesigabeni socwaningo. |
Ingabe indaba ngemigomo kanye ne-autism iyiqiniso?
Esinye isihloko esivame ukuvela uma kukhulunywa ngalokhu ukuxhumana phakathi kwemigomo kanye ne-autism. Abazali abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi i-thimerosal, isilondolozi esiqukethe i-mercury esasisetshenziswa ngaphambilini kweminye imigomo, yisona esibangela lokho.
Kodwa-ke, izikhungo eziningi zezokwelapha ezihamba phambili emhlabeni kanye nezikhungo zocwaningo ziphethe ngokuthi ubudlelwano obuqondile bembangela nomphumela phakathi kwemithi yokugoma kanye ne-autism abukakafakazelwa.
Kodwa-ke, kwesinye isimo esithile, kubikwa ukuthi umuthi wokugoma wenze isimo esingakaze sitholakale (ukuphazamiseka kwe-mitochondria) enganeni saba sibi kakhulu, okwaholela ekuthuthukisweni kwe-autism. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi le nkinga iyinkimbinkimbi futhi iqondene nomuntu ngamunye kangakanani.
Yini esingayilindela ocwaningweni lwesikhathi esizayo?
Ososayensi abami ndawonye. Bayaqhubeka nokucwaninga ngalobu budlelwano obuyinkimbinkimbi phakathi kwezakhi zofuzo nendawo ezungezile.
- Izifundo ezinkulu ezifana ne-CHARGE kanye ne-SEED ziqoqa idatha ezinkulungwaneni zezingane futhi zibheke amaphethini avamile athonya lokhu.
- Lolu cwaningo luhlola indlela amasosha omzimba kamama athinta ngayo ukukhula kobuchopho bomntwana ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Olunye ucwaningo lubonise ukuthi ama-antibodies athile egazini likamama asabela nezicubu zobuchopho zomntwana osanda kuzalwa.
- Baphinde babheke ukuthi amazinga athile ama-hormone emizimbeni yezingane, isibonelo i-hormone i-leptin, aphezulu yini ezinganeni ezine-autism.
Konke lokhu kusiholela entweni eyodwa: Ayikho impendulo elula nge-autism, ethi, "Lesi yisona kuphela isizathu." Kuyisimo esiyinkimbinkimbi esihilela izici eziningi, okuhlanganisa izakhi zofuzo, indawo ezungezile, kanye nempilo kamama.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Autism Spectrum Disorder ayisona isifo. Yisimo esihlobene nokukhula kobuchopho esihlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu.
- Lesi simo sivame kakhulu ukutholakala manje kunangaphambili, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokwanda kolwazi kanye nezindlela zokuxilonga ezithuthukisiwe.
- Akukho sizathu esisodwa salokhu. Umhlaba njengamanje ukholelwa ukuthi kuwumphumela wokuhlanganiswa kwezici zofuzo kanye nezemvelo.
- Uma unokungabaza noma imibuzo mayelana nokukhula, inkulumo, noma ukuziphatha kwengane yakho,Sicela ungesabi futhi ucele iseluleko kudokotela ofanelekayo, njengodokotela wezingane noma udokotela wezifo zengqondo onolwazi.
- Kunokuba udideke ngalokho abantu abakushoyo ku-inthanethi noma emphakathini, ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha esifanele kuyinto engcono kakhulu ongayenza wena nengane yakho.
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