Ingabe lo umkhuhlane ongavamile ovela ezinkingeni? Ake sifunde nge-Babesiosis!

Wake wahamba ehlathini noma wabona umkhaza ulenga endlini yakho? Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zidalwa ezincane zingaba yinto ecasulayo kakhulu. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesifo esidluliselwa yizikhaza futhi okufanele usiqaphele. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Babesiosis. Nakuba igama lingase lizwakale lingavamile, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ngalo.

Kuyini i-Babesiosis? Kalula nje...

I-Babesiosis yisifo esibangelwa yi-parasite ebizwa ngokuthi i-Babesia (empeleni evela ezinhlotsheni eziningana zezilwane). Cabanga ngayo njengesela elincane, elingena emzimbeni wakho futhi libangele ukugula. Isakazwa kakhulu ngamakhizane, njengemikhazane enemilenze emnyama ethelelekile . Kodwa, akuvamile, ingasakazwa nangokufakelwa isitho somzimba .

I-Babesiosis ivame ukubangela izimpawu ezifana nezomkhuhlane , njengomkhuhlane kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba. Kodwa-ke, ngoba lesi silwanyana sibhubhisa amangqamuzana akho abomvu egazi , ngezinye izikhathi singabangela izinkinga ezisongela ukuphila. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma unesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka . Enye yezinkinga ezivame kakhulu i- hemolytic anemia . Lokhu kusho ukuthi amangqamuzana akho abomvu egazi abhujiswa ngokushesha kunokuba angashintshwa.

I-Babesiosis ivame kakhulu kuphi?

I-Babesiosis yisifo esenzeka ezindaweni lapho i-parasite ye-Babesia kanye nama-tick athwala yona kuhlala khona ndawonye. Lezi zindawo zitholakala eMelika, eYurophu nase-Asia. EMelika, ivame kakhulu eNyakatho-mpumalanga naseMpumalanga Ephakathi ephezulu. Kodwa kudingeka siqaphele nezifo ezithwalwa ama-tick eSri Lanka.

Lesi akusona isifo esivame kakhulu, okusho ukuthi inani elincane kuphela lamacala abikwa minyaka yonke. Kodwa-ke, kubhekwa "njengesifo esithelelanayo esisanda kuvela." Lokhu kusho ukuthi inani leziguli belilokhu landa muva nje.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Babesiosis?

Izimpawu ze-Babesiosis ziqala cishe isonto elilodwa kuya kwamane ngemva kokuba i-parasite ingene emzimbeni. Lezi zimpawu zifaka:

• Umkhuhlane ophezulu
• Ukukhathala, ukukhathala
• Ukuzizwa ubanda (ukubanda)
• Ukujuluka
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu
• Ubuhlungu bomzimba, ubuhlungu bamalunga
• Isifiso sokudla
• Ukukhwehlela

Kodwa ngokumangazayo, cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabane akabonisi zimpawu . Ngokungafani nezinye izifo ezithwalwa yizimpukane, lesi asivamile ukubangela ukuqubuka.

Izimpawu ze-babesiosis enzima

Ngezinye izikhathi lesi sifo singaba sibi kakhulu futhi singadala izimpawu ezengeziwe ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba namehlo (i-jaundice) (lokhu futhi kuyisibonakaliso se-jaundice)
• Ukuphaphatheka kwesikhumba (ubumhlophe)
• Umchamo onombala omnyama
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula (ukuphelelwa umoya)
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
• Isisu esibuhlungu
• Ukuqina kwentamo
• Izinguquko ezingazelelwe esimweni sengqondo, noma izimpendulo ezingokomzwelo ngokweqile (ukusebenza ngokomzwelo noma i-PBA)

Okubalulekile: Uma unalezi zimpawu, ikakhulukazi uma ucabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ulunywe yikhikhi, kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha.

Ingabe i-Babesiosis ingadala ukwehla kwesisindo?

Ukwehla kwesisindo akulona uphawu olukhulu lwalesi sifo, kodwa uma ungakwazi ukudla ngenxa yezinto ezifana nokulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, isicanucanu nokuhlanza, ungase wehlise isisindo.

Yini ebangela i-Babesiosis?

I-Babesiosis ibangelwa izinhlobo eziningana zezinambuzane ezibizwa ngokuthi i-Babesia . Lezi zinambuzane ze-Babesia ziyizilwane ezineseli elilodwa eziyingxenye yeqembu le-protozoa . Okusho ukuthi, izilwane ezincane kakhulu ukuba sizibone ngaphandle kwe-microscope. Uma umkhaza ukuluma, lezi zinambuzane zingena egazini lakho. Lapho, zithelela amangqamuzana akho abomvu egazi bese ziwabhubhisa. Uma lesi sifo singesibi kakhulu, ungase uzizwe ukhathele kuphela. Kodwa-ke, uma unesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka, lokhu kutheleleka kungabangela izinkinga ezisongela ukuphila.

E-United States, imbangela eyinhloko ye-babesiosis enezimpawu yi -B. microti . I-B. duncani, i-B. divergens, i-B. venatorum, kanye ne-B. crassa nazo ngezinye izikhathi zibangela izifo.

Siyithola kanjani i-Babesiosis?

I-Babesiosis idluliselwa kubantu isuka ezilwaneni lapho umkhaza uluma isilwane esinalesi sifo (ngokuvamile isilwane esincane esincelisayo njengegundane) bese umkhaza uluma wena . I-parasite ibe isithelela amangqamuzana akho egazi bese isakazeka lapho.

Emazweni aseMelika, i-vector eyinhloko ye-parasite ebangela i-Babesiosis yi -black-legged tick (Ixodes scapularis) . La ma-black-legged tick adlulisela ezinye izifo eziningi, okuhlanganisa nesifo se-Lyme kanye ne-anaplasmosis. Lo mkhaza ubizwa nangokuthi "i-deer tick", kodwa izinyamazane azivamile ukuthola i-Babesiosis. EYurophu, i-castor bean tick (I. ricinus) idlulisela i-parasite ye-Babesia.

Enye indlela iwukumpontshelwa igazi . Lokhu kwenzeka uma umuntu onikela ngegazi ethole ukutheleleka engazi.

Ingabe i-Babesiosis iyathelelana kusuka komunye umuntu kuya komunye?

Cha, i-Babesiosis ayisabalali isuka komunye umuntu iye komunye . Akuvamile ukuthi idluliselwe kusuka kumama okhulelwe iye enganeni yakhe engakazalwa.

Kunini lapho i-Babesiosis ingenzeka khona kakhulu?

I-Babesiosis ivame kakhulu ezinyangeni zasentwasahlobo nasehlobo . Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amakhizane amancane (abizwa ngokuthi ama-nymphs) aphuma entwasahlobo, futhi cishe athwala igciwane le-Babesia kunemikhizane emikhulu.

Lezi zinambuzane ezincane (ama-nymph) zincane kakhulu (cishe zilingana nembewu yesinaphi), ngakho kunzima ukuzibona. Zikhula zibe yizinambuzane ezinkulu ehlobo. Ngisho nezinambuzane ezinkulu zingabangela i-Babesiosis, kodwa ngoba kulula ukuzibona, unethuba elingcono lokuzisusa ngaphambi kokuba zikudle.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola i-Babesiosis?

Nakuba noma ubani engathola i-babesiosis, usengozini enkulu yokugula kakhulu uma:

• Uma amasosha omzimba wakho ebuthakathaka. Isibonelo, i-HIV/AIDS, umdlavuza, izifo zamasosha omzimba, kanye neminye imithi kungenza amasosha omzimba abe buthaka.
• Uma ungenalo ubhejane, noma uma ubhejane wakho ungasebenzi kahle.
• Uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-60 ubudala.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ze-Babesiosis?

I-Babesiosis ingabangela izinkinga ezisongela ukuphila, ikakhulukazi uma amasosha omzimba wakho ebuthakathaka. Ezinye zalezi zifo zifaka:

• I-Hemolytic anemia: Izinambuzane zingabhubhisa amangqamuzana amaningi abomvu egazi kangangokuthi umzimba wakho awukwazi ukwenza amasha ukuze uwathathe indawo yawo. Lokhu kungaholela ezifweni zenhliziyo kanye nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo.
• I-Splenomegaly noma i-hepatomegaly: Ukwanda kobende kungaholela ekuqhekekeni kobende.
• Ukunqwabelana koketshezi emaphashini (i-pulmonary edema): Lokhu kungabangela ubunzima bokuphefumula futhi kuholele ekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo noma ukuphefumula.
• Ukujiya kwegazi okusabalalisiwe (DIC): I-DIC iyinkinga ngendlela igazi lakho elijiya ngayo. Lokhu kungabangela ukopha okungalawuleki (ukopha kwegazi).
• Ukulimala kanye nokwehluleka kwezinye izitho: Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukulimala kwezinso okukhulu / ukwehluleka kwezinso kanye nokwehluleka kwesibindi.

Itholakala kanjani i-Babesiosis?

I-Babesiosis itholakala ngokuhlolwa kwegazi.Udokotela wakho uzokuxilonga futhi akubuze ngezimpawu zakho kanye nomlando wempilo yakho. Uma usanda kuba sendaweni lapho kungenzeka ukuthi ulunywe khona yi-tick (emasontweni amathathu edlule), tshela udokotela wakho , noma ngabe awukhumbuli ukulunywa yi-tick. Kubalulekile futhi ukutshela udokotela wakho uma uke wampontshelwa igazi ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ezedlule.

Uma udokotela wakho ecabanga ukuthi ungaba ne-babesiosis, uzoyala ukuhlolwa ukuze kuhlolwe izimuncagazi egazini lakho. Uzohlola nezinye izifo ezibangela izimpawu ezifanayo.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-Babesiosis?

Udokotela wakho angelapha i-babesiosis ngenhlanganisela yemithi . Lokhu kufaka phakathi ama-antiprotozoal, ama-antibiotic, kanye nemithi yokulwa nomalaleveva . Lokhu kunganikezwa njenge-IV (efakwa emthanjeni) noma njengamaphilisi noma uketshezi olugwinyayo.

Uma ugula kakhulu, ungadinga ezinye izindlela zokwelapha, njengokumpontshelwa igazi, ukuze ube ngcono.

Imithi esetshenziselwa i-Babesiosis:

Udokotela angase akwelaphe ngale nhlanganisela yemithi:

• I-Atovaquone
• I-Azithromycin
• I-Clindamycin
• I-Quinine

Izindlela zokwelapha ezisetshenziswa ekwelapheni i-Babesiosis:

Uma ugula kakhulu, udokotela wakho angase asebenzise ezinye izindlela zokwelapha, ezifana nalezi:

• Ukumpontshelwa igazi: Uma inani lamaseli akho abomvu egazi liphansi kakhulu, udokotela angakunika igazi elinikelwe ukuze andise inani lakho.
• Ukumpontshelwa igazi ngokushintshana: Uma unezinambuzane eziningi egazini lakho, udokotela angakunikeza ukumpontshelwa igazi ngokushintshana. Kule nqubo, udokotela ususa elinye igazi lakho bese elifaka igazi elinikelwe esikhundleni salo.
• Ukuphefumula ngomshini: Uma ungakwazi ukuphefumula kahle wedwa, udokotela uzokuxhumela emshinini (i-ventilator) okusiza ukuphefumula.
• I-Dialysis: Uma izinso zakho zingasebenzi kahle, i-dialysis ithatha umsebenzi wezinso.

Ungazivikela kanjani ku-Babesiosis?

Uma uhlala endaweni lapho lesi sifo sivame khona, noma uma uya kwenye, kungcono ukugwema amakhizane . Nazi ezinye izinto ongazenza ukuze ugweme amakhizane:

• Ungavumeli utshani bube ngaphezu kwamasentimitha angu-5. Amakhizane ahlala otshanini obude elinde othile ukuba adle.
• Uma uhamba ehlathini, landela izindlela ezihlanzekile kuphela.
• Sebenzisa izifutho zezinambuzane ezivunyiwe ezixosha imikhaza (ngokuvamile leyo equkethe i-DEET).
• Uma uya emahlathini noma ezindaweni ezinotshani obude, gqoka izingubo ezimboza umzimba wakho ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma ungumuntu ovame ukuya ezindaweni lapho kukhona khona amakhizane, ungathenga nezingubo ezilungisiwe kusengaphambili ezinoketshezi oluxosha amakhizane.
• Ngemva kokubuya ngaphandle phakathi nezinyanga ezifudumele, zihlole ukuthi azinazo yini izimpawu. Uma kungenzeka, cela omunye umuntu ukuthi ahlole izindawo ongaziboni (njengekhanda lakho noma umhlane).
• Buza udokotela wakho wezilwane ngendlela engcono kakhulu yokuvikela izilwane zakho ezifuywayo ezifweni zama-tick. Hlola izilwane zakho njalo ukuze ubone ukuthi azinawo yini ama-tick, ikakhulukazi uma seziphumile.
• Uma une-tick emzimbeni wakho, landela inqubo eqondile yokuyisusa ngokuphephile.

Yini engalindelwa ngalesi simo?

Okufanele ukulindele uma uthola ukuthi une-babesiosis kuncike ekutheni wawugula kangakanani ngesikhathi uxilongwa, nokuthi ngabe usengozini yokugula kakhulu:

• Uma unesimiso somzimba esinempilo futhi ukugula kungekubi kakhulu , kungase kuphele ngokwako. Udokotela uzobona ukuthi uzolulama yini ngaphandle kokwelashwa.
• Uma usengozini enkulu yokugula kakhulu , udokotela uzokulapha ngemithi.
• Uma ugula kakhulu , udokotela uzokungenisa esibhedlela. Lapho, bazokwelapha ukutheleleka kweBabesia nanoma yiziphi izinkinga. Bazophinde bahlolwe igazi njalo ukuze babone ukuthi usabela kanjani ekwelashweni.

I-Babesiosis ingahlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Uma amasosha omzimba wakho eqinile, i-Babesiosis ingahlala cishe isonto noma amabili . Uma udokotela ekwelapha ngemithi, ungase uqale ukuzizwa ungcono ngosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili. Uma amasosha omzimba wakho ebuthakathaka, i-Babesiosis ingahlala isikhathi eside - izinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka .

Ingabe i-Babesiosis ingaphinde ivele?

Ngezinye izikhathi, izimpawu ze-Babesiosis zingaphela bese zibuya (ziphinde zibuye). Uma lokhu kwenzeka, udokotela wakho kuzodingeka akwelaphe futhi. Uma amasosha omzimba wakho ebuthaka, kungenzeka ukuthi uphinde uthole lesi sifo .

Ingabe ikhona imiphumela ehlala isikhathi eside ngemva kwe-Babesiosis?

Ungase uzizwe ukhathele izinyanga ezimbalwa , ngisho nangemva kokuba ezinye izimpawu zakho sezithuthukile. Kufanele ululame ngokugcwele uma inani lamaseli akho abomvu egazi libuyela esimweni esijwayelekile. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi ululame.

Ithemba le-Babesiosis

Iningi labantu liyalulama ngokuphelele ku-babesiosis. Kodwa-ke, cishe oyedwa kwabayishumi abantu abalaliswa esibhedlela ngalesi sifo bayafa . Ngakho-ke akusona isifo okufanele sithathwe kalula.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma unezimpawu ze-Babesiosis futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ulunywe yi-tick, bheka udokotela ngokushesha . Uma unesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha uma unezimpawu zokutheleleka.

Kufanele uye nini e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Uma unezimpawu zokugula okungathí sina, iya ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo eliseduze. Izimpawu zifaka:

• Umkhuhlane ongaphezu kwama-degrees Fahrenheit angu-103 (ama-degrees Celsius angu-39.44).
• Ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula.
• Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba noma amehlo (i-jaundice).
• Ukudideka noma ezinye izinguquko zengqondo.
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu esiswini.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela?

Nazi ezinye zemibuzo ezingaba usizo ukubuza udokotela wakho:

• Ngingawuthatha kanjani umuthi wami?
• Ngidinga ukwelashwa isikhathi esingakanani?
• Yimaphi amakhambi asekhaya engingawasebenzisa ngezimpawu zami?
• Yiziphi izimpawu ezintsha noma eziya ziba zimbi okufanele ngiziqaphele?
• Ngizozizwa ngingcono ngokushesha kangakanani?
• Kufanele ngize nini ukukubona futhi?

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Babesiosis ne-Malaria?

Nakuba kunezinto eziningi ezifanayo phakathi kwe-Babesiosis ne-Malaria, ziyizifo ezimbili ezahlukene . Zelashwa ngemithi ehlukene, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukwenza ukuxilongwa okunembile.

I-Babesiosis:

• Ithelela futhi ilimaze amaseli egazi.
• Ekuqaleni, umkhuhlane uzwakala njengomkhuhlane.
• Kungaba kubi nakakhulu.
• Imbangela yi-protozoan parasite ((Babesia)).
• Kusakazwa ngamakhizane.
• Kuningi eMelika.
• Uma zibukwa nge-microscope, zibukeka njengezindandatho. Ngezinye izikhathi isimo "sesiphambano saseMalta" (ama-oval amane) singabonakala.

Umalaleveva:

• Ithelela futhi ilimaze amaseli egazi.
• Ekuqaleni, umkhuhlane uzwakala njengomkhuhlane.
• Uma ingelashwa, izoqhubeka nokuba yimbi kakhulu.
• Imbangela yi-protozoan parasite ((Plasmodium)).
• Isakazwa omiyane.
• Kuningi e-Afrika.
• Uma zibukwa ngesibonakhulu, zibukeka njengezindandatho.

Ingabe i-Babesiosis iyafana nesifo se-Lyme?

Nakuba i-babesiosis nesifo se-Lyme zidluliselwa uhlobo olufanayo lwe-tick (I. scapularis), ziyizifo ezimbili ezihlukene . I-Babesiosis ibangelwa yi-parasite, kanti isifo se-Lyme sibangelwa yi-bacterium.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule

Ngakho-ke, manje usuyazi ukuthi i-Babesiosis yisifo esibangelwa yi-parasite ebizwa ngokuthi i-Babesia. Uma amasosha omzimba wakho enamandla, cishe ngeke ugule kakhulu ngenxa yayo . Kodwa-ke, uma amasosha omzimba wakho ebuthakathaka, noma uma ulwelwesi lwakho lungasebenzi kahle, lungaba yingozi empilweni .

Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuthola ukwelashwa ngokushesha okukhulu. I-Babesiosis ingelapheka ngemithi. Futhi, ukugwema imikhaza kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela kulesi sifo.

Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalokhu, ungangabazi ukubuza udokotela wakho. Hlala uphilile!

I- Babesiosis, amakhizane, amagciwane, amaseli abomvu egazi, i-anemia, umkhuhlane, ukunikela ngegazi