Ake sifunde ngokulimala kwengcindezi kubantu abalele embhedeni. (Ukulimala Kwengcindezi / Izilonda Zombhede)

Ingabe ukhona emndenini wakho ohlala embhedeni ngenxa yokugula noma ukuguga futhi uhlala endaweni efanayo isikhathi eside? Kumelwe ukuthi ubonile ukuthi abantu abanjalo ngezinye izikhathi baba namanxeba esikhumba. Sibiza lokhu ngokuthi "izilonda zombhede". Ngokwezokwelapha, lezi zaziwa ngokuthi `(Ukulimala Kokucindezeleka)` noma `(Izilonda Zombhede). Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngokuningiliziwe ngokuthi ziyini ngempela lezi, ukuthi kungani zenzeka, ukuthi zingavinjelwa kanjani, nokuthi yini okufanele yenziwe uma zenzeka futhi . Lesi yisihloko esibalulekile kubantu abaningi.

Ziyini ngempela lezi zilonda zombhede?

Kalula nje, izilonda zombhede ziyizilonda ezikhula lapho kunengcindezi endaweni efanayo yesikhumba sethu isikhathi eside, okubangela umonakalo esikhumbeni kuleyo ndawo. Cabanga nje, lapho umuntu ehlala embhedeni amahora noma izinsuku ngesikhathi, noma ehlala esihlalweni sabakhubazekile endaweni efanayo isikhathi eside, isikhumba sicindezela amathambo ezindaweni lapho isisindo somzimba sehla khona. Uma lokhu kucindezela kusetshenziswa, ukujikeleza kwegazi kuyancipha. Uma igazi lingahambi kahle, amangqamuzana esikhumba aqala ukufa , futhi yilapho kwenzeka khona la manxeba.

Kunezinye amagama alezi zilonda zombhede. Udokotela wakho angasebenzisa la magama:

• `(Izilonda ze-Decubitus)`
• `(Izilonda zokucindezeleka)`
• `(Izilonda zokucindezeleka)`
• `(Amanxeba okucindezeleka)`

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uyibiza ngokuthini igama, isho isimo esifanayo.

Zivame kangakanani lezi zilonda zombhede? Ubani ozithola kaningi?

Lokhu empeleni kuvame kakhulu kunalokho ongakucabanga. Le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu kulabo abanenkinga yokuhamba bodwa, abahlala embhedeni, noma abasebenzisa izihlalo zabakhubazekile. Cabanga uma omunye wogogo nomkhulu bethu elele embhedeni ngenxa yokugula, noma uma othile enesifo esifana nokuthi "Ukukhubazeka" ngenxa yengozi futhi ehlala embhedeni, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi athole lokhu kulimala.

Futhi, abantu abanezimo ezithile zezokwelapha basengozini enkulu. Isibonelo:

• Kulabo abanesifo sikashukela
• Kulabo abanokuzwela kwesikhumba okunciphile
• Kulabo abanenkinga yokudla okunempilo (Ukungondleki kahle)
• Kulabo abanesikhumba esomile kakhulu noma labo abagcina umswakama omningi kakhulu
• Kulabo abangakwazi ukukhuluma ngobunzima babo ngenxa yezimo ezifana `(Dementia)`
• Ezinye iziguli ezinomdlavuza
• Kubantwana kanye nabantu abadala abanezifo zezinzwa ezifana ne-cerebral palsy
• `(Ukungasebenzi kahle kwemithambo yegazi okungapheli)` (Ukujikeleza kwegazi okungekuhle emithanjeni)
• `(Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo)` (Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo)
• `(Ukwehluleka kwezinso)` (Ukwehluleka kwezinso)
• Isifo semithambo yegazi engaphandle (ukuncipha kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi ezithweni)
• Izimo ezinjengokulimala komgogodla noma i-spina bifida.

Kukuphi lapho lezi zilonda zivame ukuvela khona emzimbeni?

Eqinisweni, la manxeba angavela noma kuphi emzimbeni. Isibonelo, umuntu osebenzisa imaski yomoya-mpilo angathola amanxeba phezulu kwekhala lakhe, ohlangothini ngalunye lwezindlebe zakhe, noma ngemuva kwekhanda lakhe. Umuntu ogqoke amazinyo okufakelwa angawafaki kahle angawafaka la manxeba emlonyeni wakhe. Futhi, uma othile efakwe ipayipi (efakwa ipayipi lokuphefumula) noma enikwa umoya womoya (ukuphefumula ngosizo lomshini), ukucindezela okuhambisanayo kungabangela amanxeba.

Kodwa-ke, lokhu kulimala kuvame kakhulu ezindaweni lapho amathambo eseduze nesikhumba . Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lezo zindawo yilapho isikhumba sicindezelwa khona emathanjeni futhi ukugeleza kwegazi kuncipha. Izindawo ezinjalo zifaka:

• Amaqakala
• Emuva
• Izinqe
• Izindololwane
• Izithende
• Izinqe
• Ithambo lomsila (ingxenye engezansi yomgogodla)

Yiziphi izimbangela zezilonda zombhede?

Isizathu esiyinhloko, njengoba ngishilo ngaphambili , ukucindezeleka endaweni efanayo isikhathi eside . Ngenxa yalokhu kucindezela, imithambo yegazi emincane enikeza igazi esikhumbeni iyacindezelwa, futhi kuba sengathi igazi aligelezi. Cabanga nje, uma ucindezela ipayipi lamanzi bese ulibamba ngokuqinile, amanzi awagelezi. Lapho leli gazi lilahleka, amaseli engqimba ephezulu yesikhumba `(Epidermis)` aqala ukufa. Lapho la maseli afile ephuka kancane kancane, abonakala njengenxeba. Ngezinye izikhathi , noma ngabe ucindezelwe endaweni efanayo isikhathi esifushane, njengamahora amabili, inxeba lingaqala .

Ngaphezu kwalokhu kucindezela, ezinye izinto zinegalelo ekwakhekeni kwalezi zilonda:

• Umswakama: Uma isikhumba simanzi ngenxa yezinto ezifana nokujuluka, umchamo, kanye nendle, siba buthakathaka kakhulu futhi sibe sengozini yokulimala.
• Ukudonswa/Ukucheba: Isikhumba siyadonswa lapho ikhanda lombhede liphakanyiswa, lapho umzimba usesihlalweni sabakhubazekile, noma lapho umzimba ushelela phansi. Lokhu kudonswa kungalimaza nezicubu ezingaphansi kwesikhumba futhi kubangele amanxeba.

Ziyini izimpawu nezigaba zezilonda zombhede?

Izimpawu zezilonda zombhede zingahluka kuye ngomuntu nomuntu. Abanye abantu bangase bezwe ubuhlungu nokulunywa yilezi zilonda. Kodwa-ke, abantu abanezinzwa ezibuthakathaka kanye nomuzwa onciphile bangase bangazizwa lobu buhlungu. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlola isikhumba njalo.

Odokotela bahlukanisa lezi zilonda zombhede ngezigaba ngokusekelwe ebunzimeni bazo. Lokhu kusiza ekunqumeni ukuthi inxeba lingelashwa kanjani.

• Isigaba 1: Isikhumba sibonakala sibomvu noma sipinki. Kodwa-ke, akukho ukuphuka kwesikhumba noma inxeba okwamanje. Lokhu kushintsha kombala kungaba nzima ukukubona kumuntu onesikhumba esimnyama. Indawo ingase izwe ubuhlungu kancane uma uyithinta, noma ingase izwakale ishisa kakhulu, ibanda kakhulu, ithambile, noma iqine kunezinye izindawo.
• Isigaba sesi-2: Yilapho ungqimba olungaphezulu lwesikhumba lususiwe khona, kushiye inxeba elingajulile elinengxenye engezansi epinki noma ebomvu. Ungase futhi ubone ukuxebuka kwesikhumba kanye nama-blister .
• Isigaba 3:Isilonda manje sesijule kancane. Isilonda kungenzeka ukuthi sesisabalale saze safika e-hypodermis, ungqimba olunamafutha ngaphansi kwesikhumba.
• Isigaba 4: Lesi yisigaba esinzima kakhulu. Inxeba selingene kuzo zonke izingqimba ezintathu zesikhumba, futhi imisipha engaphansi, imisipha, futhi mhlawumbe ngisho namathambo (uhlelo lwemisipha) ayabonakala. Lezi zinhlobo zamanxeba zithatha isikhathi eside ukuphola, futhi cishe zingabangela izinkinga.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yezilonda zombhede?

Izilonda zombhede azizona nje izilonda zesikhumba. Uma zingelashwa, zingaholela ekuthelelekeni ngamagciwane okusongela ukuphila .

Lezi zilonda zingaholela ezimweni eziyingozi ezifana ne-`(Cellulitis)` (ukutheleleka kwesikhumba nezicubu ezingaphansi), `(Septicemia)` (ubuthi egazini). Ngezinye izikhathi, kungadlulela ku-`(Sepsis)` (ukutheleleka okukhulu okusakazeka emzimbeni wonke) ngisho `(Ukunqunywa)`.

Abanye abantu bakha ama-sinus tract aholela kulezi zilonda zokulala. Uma la ma-tract exhumana nezingxenye ezijulile zomzimba, izinkinga ezifana nalezi:

• Amabhaktheriya angena egazini (i-Bacteremia). Lokhu kungabangela i-bacterial meningitis (ukutheleleka kobuchopho) noma i-endocarditis (ukutheleleka kolwelwesi lwenhliziyo).
• Ukutheleleka kwamathambo (i-Osteomyelitis) noma ukutheleleka kwamalunga (i-Septic arthritis).
• Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane njenge-`(Iqembu A streptococcus)`. Lokhu kungasukela ekuthelelekeni okuvamile njenge-`(Cellulitis)` kuya esimweni esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuthi `(Necrotizing fasciitis)` (isifo sokuncibilika kwenyama).

Wazi kanjani ukuthi isilonda sombhede sithelelekile?

Uma inxeba litheleleka, ungase ube nezimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Umkhuhlane kanye nokubanda kuvame ukuba yizimpawu zokuqala ezibonakala.
• Ukuzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu endaweni yenxeba.
• Iphunga elibi elivela esilondeni.
• Inxeba libomvu futhi lizwakala lishisa kakhulu uma ulithinta .
• Ukuvuvukala kwesilonda.
• Ubomvu buphuma enxebeni.

Uma ubona into efana nale , kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha .

Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kwezilonda zombhede

Uma usola ukuthi wena noma umuntu omnakekelayo unesilonda embhedeni, kufanele ubonane nodokotela. Kungase kudingeke futhi ukuthi ubonane nochwepheshe wezilonda. Odokotela bazobheka ukubukeka kwesilonda ukuze banqume ukuthi siyisilonda embhedeni nokuthi sikusiphi isigaba. Bangase futhi bathathe izithombe zesilonda ukuze babone ukuthi siphola kanjani.

Ungenza futhi izivivinyo ezinjengalezi ukuhlola ukutheleleka:

• Ukuthatha ingxenye encane yesilonda ukuze ihlolwe (ama-biopsy).
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kanye nokuhlolwa kwegazi.
• Ukuskena okufana `(X-ray)` noma `(MRI)`.

Ukwelashwa okungadingi ukuhlinzwa

Amanxeba amancane esigabeni 1 nesesibili angelashwa ekhaya nguwe noma umnakekeli wakho (ngeseluleko sezokwelapha). Amanxeba ajulile esigabeni 3 nesesine adinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Kuye ngokuthi inxeba linzima kangakanani, ukuphulukiswa kungathatha amasonto kuya ezinyangeni .

Okulandelayo yizindlela zokwelapha:

• Ukuhlanza inxeba: Hlanza inxeba ngamanzi anensipho noma nge-saline (isixazululo samanzi anosawoti ahlanzekile).
• Ukubopha inxeba ngemithi: Kunezinhlobo ezikhethekile zamabhandeshi ezokwelapha ezisiza inxeba ukuthi liphilise ngokushesha. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi i-Hydrogel (ijeli esekwe emanzini), i-Hydrocolloid, i-Alginates (eyenziwe ngotshani), kanye ne-foam dressing.

Ezilondeni ezijulile nezinzima, udokotela uzosusa izicubu ezifile. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "Ukususwa Kwesikhumba." Lokhu kwenziwa ngokusika isikhumba esifile ngethuluzi elibukhali elithi "Scalpel." Noma, bangafaka amafutha ancibilikisa izicubu ezifile bese besusa. Uma lokhu kwenziwa, "i-anesthetic yendawo" ingafakwa ukuze ikwenze uzizwe ungenamizwa. Ngoba izicubu ezizungeze izicubu ezifile zizwa ubuhlungu.

Imithi enikeziwe

Kuye ngesimo sesilonda kanye nezimpawu zaso, imithi elandelayo inganikezwa:

• Ama-antibiotic avimbela futhi elapha izifo.
• Nciphisa ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala (imithi engeyona eye-steroidal elwa nokuvuvukala - ama-NSAID)
• Imithi yokuqeda ubuhlungu.

Ukwelashwa ngokuhlinzwa

Emanxebeni ajulile kakhulu, amakhulu asezigabeni 3 noma 4, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa. Kungasetshenziswa i-graft yesikhumba ukuvala inxeba futhi kulisize liphole ngokushesha.

Ungazivimbela kanjani izilonda zombhede? Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu!

Kulula kakhulu ukuvimbela izilonda zombhede ngaphambi kokuba zenzeke kunokuzihlupha ngemva kokuba zenzeke. Nazi ezinye izinto ongayenza ngazo:

• Shintsha indlela oma ngayo njalo: Uma usesihlalweni sabakhubazekile, shintsha indlela oma ngayo okungenani njalo ngemizuzu eyi-15 . Uma ulele embhedeni, phendula umzimba wakho okungenani njalo emahoreni amabili . Uma unenkinga yokwenza lokhu wedwa, thola usizo kumnakekeli. Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu.
• Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba okuvamile: Hlola isikhumba sakho kuwo wonke umzimba wakho (ikakhulukazi amaphuzu okucindezela) okungenani kanye ngosuku. Hlola izinguquko kumbala, ubuhlungu, ukushisa, noma ukubanda. Uma ungakwazi ukukwenza wena, cela omunye umuntu akwenze.
• Yidla kahle futhi uphuze amanzi amaningi: Yidla ukudla okunomsoco, ikakhulukazi ukudla okucebile ngamaprotheni, ukuze ugcine isikhumba sakho siphilile. Phuza amanzi amaningi usuku lonke.
• Gcina isikhumba sihlanzekile futhi somile: Uma umjuluko, umchamo, noma indle ingena esikhumbeni, sihlanze ngokushesha bese usigcina somile. Ungasebenzisa okhilimu bokuvimbela umswakama ukuvikela isikhumba.
• Ukuzibandakanya ekuzivocavoceni:Zivocavoce umzimba ngangokunokwenzeka. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi. Ungacela iseluleko kudokotela mayelana "nokwelashwa ngokomzimba".
• Gwema ukubhema: Uma ubhema, funa usizo lokuyeka. I-Nicotine ibambezela ukuphola kwenxeba.
• Sebenzisa omatilasi namakhushini akhethekile: Sebenzisa omatilasi abaklanywe ngokukhethekile noma amakhushini e-foam aklanywe ukunciphisa ingcindezi. Gwema ukuhlala kumakhushini anembobo phakathi, njenge-donut. Lokhu kungandisa ingcindezi ezungeze inxeba.
• Geza futhi ushintshe izingubo zokulala, izingubo zangaphansi, nezingubo njalo: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzigcina zihlanzekile.

Umbono ngomuntu onezilonda zombhede

Ngisho nangemva kokuba isilonda sombhede sesipholile, isikhumba kuleyo ndawo asisaqinile njengakuqala. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokulandela izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukuphinda kwenzeke . Izilonda ezinzima zombhede ezigabeni 3 noma 4 kunzima ukuzelapha, futhi zinamathuba amaningi okutheleleka futhi zibe nengozi enkulu yezinkinga ezisongela ukuphila.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

Uma usengozini yokuthola izilonda embhedeni futhi ubona noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, tshela udokotela ngokushesha:

• Ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba (obomvu, opinki, onsomi).
• Izimpawu zokutheleleka (umkhuhlane, ukuvuvukala, ubomvu, iphunga elibi).
• Uma kubuhlungu noma kushisa uma uthinta indawo ethile yesikhumba sakho.

Imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho

• Kungani ngibe buhlungu lo mbhede?
• Yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kimi?
• Ingabe ngidinga ukuhlinzwa?
• Yini engingayenza ukuze ngivimbele izilonda zombhede?
• Ingabe kufanele ngikhathazeke ngezinkinga?

Izilonda zombhede kanye nokubaluleka kokudla okunomsoco

Abantu abaningi abathola izilonda zokulala abadli kahle. Lokhu kungabangelwa ukuguga noma ezinye izimo zezokwelapha. Ukudla ukudla okunomsoco, okucebile ngamaprotheni kungasiza ekuvimbeleni izilonda zokulala futhi kusize amanxeba aphole ngokushesha. Amavithamini kanye nezithasiselo kungadingeka futhi. Akuvamile, abantu abanenkinga yokungondleki kahle kakhulu bangadinga ukunikezwa ukudla ngepayipi (i-enteral nutrition) noma i-intravenous nutrition (i-IV nutrition).

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Abantu abangashukumi, abangakwazi ukuhamba embhedeni, abahleli esihlalweni sabakhubazekile, noma abanezinye izici eziyingozi basengozini enkulu yokuthola izilonda embhedeni. Ngakho-ke , kubalulekile ukulandela izinyathelo zokuvimbela njengokuhlolwa kwesikhumba njalo nokushintsha izikhundla. (Uma ungakwazi ukukwenza ngokwakho, thola usizo kumnakekeli, ilungu lomndeni, noma umhlinzeki wezempilo.)

Kungcono ukuhlonza izilonda ezilele embhedeni kusenesikhathi (izigaba 1 nesesi-2). Ngemuva kwalokho, zingelashwa ngaphambi kokuba isikhumba siphuke futhi inxeba libe likhulu. Izilonda zakuqala ezifana nalezi ziphola kangcono ngokwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, izilonda ezijulile (izigaba 3 nesesi-4) zinamathuba amaningi okuthola izifo nezinye izimo ezibucayi. Ngakho-ke,Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukwelashwa okufanele.

Uma wena noma othandekayo wakho ninemibuzo eyengeziwe ngalokhu, ungangabazi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Hlala uphilile!

Izilonda zombhede , izilonda zokucindezeleka, amanxeba esikhumba, iziguli ezilele embhedeni, ukungasebenzi kahle, ukunakekelwa kwesikhumba, ukuphulukiswa kwamanxeba