Sonke sizwile inkulumo ethi 'i-brain aneurysm', akunjalo? Empeleni kuyisimo sezokwelapha esiyingozi kakhulu nesibucayi. Lokhu yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukopha kobuchopho kwezesayensi yezokwelapha. Lolu uhlobo lwesifo sohlangothi . Kuyesabeka ukuzwa ngalokhu, kodwa uma sikuqonda kalula, kuzoba usizo olukhulu ekuzivikeleni nasekuthatheni isinyathelo esimweni esiphuthumayo.
Kuyini ngempela ukopha ebuchosheni?
Kalula nje, ukopha kobuchopho kwenzeka lapho umthambo wegazi ebuchosheni bakho uba buthakathaka futhi uvuza igazi noma uqhuma ngokuzumayo. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, amangqamuzana obuchopho ancishwa umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba azidingayo. Futhi, ukopha kuqala ukulimaza izicubu zobuchopho. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo , ngakho-ke uma usola ukuthi into efana nale iyenzeka kuwe noma komunye umuntu, kubalulekile ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.
Kwenzekani ngempela ngaphakathi kobuchopho njengamanje?
Cabanga ngakho, ugebhezi lwethu luyisikhala esinamandla kakhulu, kodwa futhi sincane kakhulu. Ngaphakathi kwalo, ubuchopho bethu buvikelwe ngokucophelela kakhulu. Ubuchopho buyinethiwekhi eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu yemizwa nemithambo yegazi. Uma omunye wale mithambo yegazi uqhuma ngesizathu esithile, kuphuma igazi elithile.
Uma igazi eliphuma kanje lithinta izicubu zobuchopho, lezo zicubu ziqala ukuvuvukala. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi `( Cerebral Edema )`. Futhi, kwakheka ihlule legazi, elibizwa ngokuthi `(hematoma)`. Manje, ngenxa yokuthi isikhala ngaphakathi kwekhanda silinganiselwe, lapho igazi liqongelela futhi livuvukala kanje, ubuchopho buqala ukucindezela. Ngenxa yalokhu kucindezela, ukugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni kwehla, okungadala umonakalo omkhulu kumaseli obuchopho.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokopha ebuchosheni?
Lokhu kungahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo eziningana kuye ngokuthi igazi ligeleza kuphi ebuchosheni. Nakuba lokhu kungase kubonakale kuyinkimbinkimbi kancane, ake sikuqonde kalula ngaleli thebula.
| Uhlobo lokopha | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukopha Kwe-Epidural | Lokhu kwenzeka lapho igazi liqoqana phakathi kogebhezi kanye nesembozo sangaphandle esijiyile (i-dura mater) esizungeze ubuchopho. Ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukulimala okukhulu ekhanda (njengokuphuka kogebhezi). |
| Ukopha Okungaphansi Kwesidumbu | Iqoqo legazi phakathi kwesembozo sangaphandle sobuchopho (i-dura mater) kanye nolwelwesi oluncane olungaphansi (i-arachnoid mater). Lokhu kungabangelwa ukulimala ekhanda, njengokuwa noma ingozi. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukopha kungahlala izinsuku eziningi. |
| Ukopha kwe-Subarachnoid | Iqoqo legazi phakathi kwezingxenye eziphakathi nezingaphakathi zobuchopho (i-arachnoid kanye ne-pia mater). Uphawu oluyinhloko ikhanda elibuhlungu ngokuzumayo, elingabekezeleleki, nelinzima . Lokhu kungabangelwa ukuqubuka okufana nebhaluni emthanjeni wegazi ebuchosheni (i-brain aneurysm) okuqhumayo. |
| Ukopha Kwangaphakathi Kwe-cerebral | Lokhu ukunqwabelana kwegazi ngaphakathi kwezicubu zobuchopho. Lena yimbangela yesibili ehamba phambili yesifo sohlangothi. Ngokuvamile kubangelwa umfutho wegazi ophakeme ongazange welashwe isikhathi eside. |
| Ukopha Kwangaphakathi Kwe-ventricular | Igazi liqoqana emakamelweni agcwele uketshezi (ama-ventricle) ngaphakathi kobuchopho. Lokhu kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. |
Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko zokuphuma kwegazi ebuchosheni?
Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izizathu ezenza into efana nale yenzeke.
- Ukulimala Ekhanda: Lesi yimbangela ehamba phambili yokopha ebuchosheni kubantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala.
- Umfutho wegazi ophakeme: Lena imbangela eyinhloko engavinjelwa. Uma umfutho wegazi ungalawulwa isikhathi eside, izindonga zemithambo yegazi zingaba buthaka futhi ziqhume.
- I-Aneurysm: Ingxenye ebuthaka yodonga lomthambo wegazi iyavuvukala njengebhaluni. Uma lokhu kuqhuma ngokuzumayo, ukuphuma kwegazi ebuchosheni kungenzeka.
- Ukukhubazeka Kwemithambo Yemithambo : Abanye abantu bazalwa benemithambo yegazi ebuthaka ebuchosheni.
- Izinkinga zokujiya kwegazi: Izifo ezifana ne-hemophilia kanye ne-sickle cell anemia ziphazamisa ukujiya kwegazi futhi zandisa ingozi yokopha.
- Isifo sesibindi: Abantu abanesifo sesibindi nabo basengozini enkulu yokopha.
- Izimila Zobuchopho : Ezinye izinhlobo zezimila zobuchopho nazo zingabangela ukuphuma kwegazi.
Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu? Ukubona kanjani?
Izimpawu zingahluka kuye ngokuthi ukuphuma kwegazi kwenzeka kuphi ebuchosheni kanye nenani lokopha. Ngokuvamile, izimpawu ziqala ngokuzumayo futhi kancane kancane zanda.
Okubaluleke kakhulu: Uma wena noma umuntu omaziyo ngokuzumayo nihlangabezana nesinye noma ngaphezulu kwalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo, ungazindeli. Yiya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha. Isikhathi sibaluleke kakhulu ekusindiseni izimpilo lapha.
Lezi yizimpawu ezivame ukubonakala:
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu elingazelelwe, elingabekezeleleki.
- Ukuzwela ukukhanya.
- Ukuqala ngokuzumayo kokuquleka okungenawo umlando wangaphambilini.
- Ukuba ndikindiki noma ukuqaqamba engalweni noma emlenzeni.
- Ukuhlanza kanye nesicanucanu.
- Izinguquko zombono (njengokubona kabili).
- Ubunzima bokukhuluma noma ukuqonda okushiwoyo.
- Ubunzima bokugwinya.
- Ukungakwazi ukuma uqonde, ukunyakazisa ngenkathi uhamba (ukulahlekelwa ibhalansi).
- Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi.
Iphathwa kanjani?
Uma uya esibhedlela, odokotela bazoqala bakuhlole bese bethola umbono wokuthi umonakalo usebuchosheni bakho uphi ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zakho. Ngemuva kwalokho, bazokwenza isivivinyo esifana ne-'CT scan' noma i-'MRI' ukuze babheke ngaphakathi ebuchosheni bakho. Lokhu kungabonisa ngqo ukuthi kuphi nokuthi kungakanani ukopha okwenzekayo.
Ukwelashwa kuncike endaweni, imbangela, kanye nobukhulu bokopha.
- Imithi: Imithi efana ne-corticosteroids, i-osmotics inganikezwa ukulawula umfutho wegazi, ukunciphisa ubuhlungu, nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala kobuchopho.
- Ukuhlinzwa: Kwezinye izimo ezinzima kakhulu, ukuhlinzwa okuphuthumayo kungadingeka ukuze kumiswe ukopha futhi kuncishiswe ingcindezi ngokukhipha igazi eliqongeleleke ebuchosheni.
Yini esingayenza ukuze sizivikele kulesi simo?
Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu. Ukopha ebuchosheni kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nendlela yethu yokuphila. Ngakho-ke uma unakekela lezi zinto, unganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho.
1. Lawula umfutho wegazi ophakeme: Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu ongayenza.Hlola umfutho wegazi lakho njalo. Thatha umuthi udokotela wakho akunike wona ngesikhathi. Yidla ukudla okunempilo okunosawoti omncane. Vivinya umzimba.
2. Gwema ukubhema ngokuphelele.
3. Gwema ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni: Izinto ezifana ne-cocaine zandisa kakhulu ingozi yokopha kobuchopho.
4. Lawula ukuphuza kwakho utshwala.
5. Lawula amazinga akho e-cholesterol: Hlola i-cholesterol yakho njalo, futhi uma kudingeka, thatha imithi njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho.
6. Shayela ngokucophelela, gqoka ibhande lesihlalo njalo. Gqoka isigqoko sokuzivikela njalo uma ugibela ibhayisikili noma isithuthuthu.
7. Uma unesifo sikashukela, lawula amazinga kashukela egazini lakho kahle.
8. Uma uthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi (isib. i-`warfarin (Coumadin)`), ungalokothi weqe ukuhlolwa ngudokotela. Thola ukuhlolwa kwegazi njalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi usesilinganisweni esifanele.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukopha ebuchosheni kuyisimo esibucayi nesiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Qaphela izimpawu ezifana nekhanda elibuhlungu ngokuzumayo, ubuthakathaka ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba, kanye nobunzima bokukhuluma.
- Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, ungalindi nje. Yiya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha. Ukwelashwa okusheshayo kungasindisa izimpilo futhi kunciphise umonakalo wesikhathi eside.
- Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela kulokhu ukulawula umfutho wegazi ophezulu nokugcina indlela yokuphila enempilo.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho njalo ngezinkinga zakho zempilo kanye nemithi oyiphuzayo.
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