Ingabe unenkinga yokuphefumula njenge-asthma? Noma wake wabona othile emndenini wakho esebenzisa i-inhaler? Namuhla sizoxoxa ngale mithi eyenza kube lula ukuphefumula, okungukuthi ama-bronchodilator. Abantu abaningi bayayesaba le mithi, kodwa uma uyiqonda futhi uyisebenzisa kahle, ingaba usizo olukhulu empilweni.
Kalula nje, iyini i-bronchodilator?
Cabanga ngemigudu yomoya ethwala umoya uye emaphashini akho njengamapayipi. Lapho imisipha ethambile ezungeze la mapayipi iqina, isikhala esingaphakathi kwamapayipi siba sincane futhi kuba nzima ukuthi umoya udlule. Yilokhu okwenzeka ezimweni ezifana ne-asthma kanye ne-COPD (Isifo Esingapheli Sokuvimbela Amaphaphu). Yilapho uzizwa sengathi uyaminyana futhi isifuba sakho sinciphile.
Ngakho-ke, lokho okwenziwa yilo muthi obizwa ngokuthi i-bronchodilator ukuphumuza imisipha eqinile ngokushesha futhi kwandise izindlela zokuphefumula ezinciphile (i-bronchi). Ngemuva kwalokho kuba lula ngamaphaphu ukungenisa nokuphuma komoya, futhi ungaphefumula kalula.
Kukhona enye inzuzo yale mithi. Lapho izindlela zokuphefumula zivulekile, ngisho ne-mucus ebhajwe ngaphakathi iqala ukuhamba ngokukhululeka. Ngemuva kwalokho ungakhwehlela i-mucus kalula.
Le mithi iza kakhulu ngesimo se-inhaler futhi njengoketshezi olunikezwa ngomshini obizwa ngokuthi i-nebulizer.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zama-bronchodilators:
Lezi zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ngokusekelwe ekutheni zithatha isikhathi esingakanani ukusebenza. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi usebenzise enye yalezi, noma mhlawumbe zombili.
| Ifomu Lomuthi | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ama-bronchodilator asebenza isikhathi esifushane | Le yimithi enikezwa ukulawula ngokushesha izimpawu ze-asthma ezingazelelwe, njengokuphefumula. Ibizwa nangokuthi "ama-inhaler okusindisa." Ihlala cishe amahora amathathu kuya kwayisithupha. |
| Ama-bronchodilator asebenza isikhathi eside | Lezi azisetshenziswa ezimweni eziphuthumayo. Zisetshenziswa ngezikhathi ezijwayelekile nsuku zonke, zigcina imigudu yomoya ivulekile cishe amahora ayi-12, futhi zivimbela ukuhlaselwa yi-asthma ukuthi kuphinde kuvele. Lezi ziwela esigabeni "sokuvimbela." |
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zama-bronchodilators?
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zama-bronchodilators: ama-beta 2-agonists, ama-anticholinergics, kanye ne-theophylline.
1. Ama-agonist e-Beta 2
Lezi ziza ngezinhlobo ze-short-acting (SABA) kanye ne-long-acting (LABA).
- Ama-beta 2-agonists asebenza ngokushesha (SABA): Lawa imithi "yokusindisa" esetshenziselwa ukuhlaselwa yi-asthma ngokuzumayo. Isebenza zingakapheli imizuzu eyi-15-20 futhi inikeza impumuzo cishe amahora angu-4-6. Ingasetshenziswa futhi ngaphambi kokuzivocavoca ukuvimbela i-asthma ebangelwa ukuzivocavoca. Izibonelo: `Albuterol (Ventolin®)`, `Levalbuterol (Xopenex®)`.
- Ama-agonist e-beta-2 asebenza isikhathi eside (i-LABA): Lawa athathwa cishe kabili ngosuku futhi asiza ukugcina lesi sifo silawulwa. Ngokuvamile anikezwa kanye ne-corticosteroid, uhlobo lomuthi onciphisa ukuvuvukala emigudwini yomoya. Izibonelo: `Salmeterol (Serevent®)`, `Formoterol (Foradil®)`. Kukhona futhi nama-inhaler ahlanganisa kokubili, njenge-`Advair®` kanye ne-`Symbicort®`.
2. Imithi Yokulwa Nezinhlungu Zekhanda
Lokhu kuvimbela ukusebenza kwe-acetylcholine, ikhemikhali ekhiqizwa uhlelo lwethu lwezinzwa. Le acetylcholine yiyo ekhombisa imisipha ezungeze imigudu yomoya ukuthi iqine. Le mithi isetshenziselwa ukulawula isikhathi eside i-asthma okunzima ukuyilawula, kunokuba isetshenziswe ngokushesha. Izibonelo: `Ipratropium bromide (Atrovent®)`, `Tiotropium bromide (Spiriva Respimat®)`.
3. I-Theophylline
Iza ngesimo sephilisi (`Uniphyl®`). Nakuba isiza ukulawula ukuhlaselwa yi-asthma okukhulu, ayisasetshenziswa kabanzi. Uma uthatha lo muthi, kuzodingeka uhlolwe igazi njalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unesilinganiso esifanele semithi egazini lakho.
Iyini imiphumela emibi yalokhu?
Imiphumela emibi ingahluka kuye ngohlobo olusetshenzisiwe. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu oyitholayo, futhi noma ngabe iyayithola, ivame ukuphela ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa.
| Uhlobo Lomuthi | Imiphumela Engase Ibe Khona |
|---|---|
| Ama-agonist e-Beta 2 | Ukuzizwa uqhaqhazela, ukungabi nakuthula, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okukhuphukile, isisu esibuhlungu, ukuqwasha. |
| Imithi yokulwa ne-cholinergic | Umlomo owomile, amehlo, nekhala, ukunambitheka okungajwayelekile emlonyeni, isicanucanu, kanye nokungaboni kahle kwesikhashana uma umuthi ungena emehlweni. (Abanye abantu bangase babe nobunzima bokuchama). |
| I-Theophylline | Isicanucanu, ubuhlungu besisu, isifo sohudo, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, ukudikiza kwemisipha. |
Ingabe i-bronchodilator uhlobo lwe-steroid?
Cha. Lezi izinhlobo ezimbili zemithi ezihluke ngokuphelele.
Kalula nje, ama-bronchodilator aphumuza imisipha emigudwini yakho yomoya. Ama-steroid anciphisa ukuvuvukala emigudwini yakho yomoya. Ngenxa yokuthi zombili lezi zinqubo zenzeka ezifweni ezifana ne-asthma, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuthi nisebenzise yomibili le mithi ndawonye.
Ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-inhaler ngendlela efanele?
Ukuze uthole izinzuzo ezigcwele zomuthi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa i-inhaler ngendlela efanele. Landela lezi zinyathelo.
1. Vala isivalo se-inhaler ngokuqinile bese usishukumisa kahle cishe izikhathi eziyi-10-15.
2. Vula isivalo.
3. Phefumula kakhulu bese ukhipha umoya ngokuphelele.
4. Beka izindebe zakho zizungeze umlomo bese uwubamba ngokuqinile.
5. Cindezela i-inhaler kanye. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, donsa umoya ojulile ngomlomo wakho.
6. Uma uzwa umsindo wokukhala kwekhwela lapho uphefumula, kusho ukuthi uphefumula ngokushesha kakhulu. Phefumula ngokujulile okumbalwa.
7. Bamba umoya wakho cishe imizuzwana eyi-10. Yilapho umuthi ufinyelela khona kuzo zonke izindawo zamaphaphu akho.
8. Phinda lezi zinyathelo ukuze uthole inani lama-puff elinconywe udokotela wakho. Shiya cishe umzuzu phakathi koku-puff ngakunye.
9. Uma usuqedile, vala isivalo futhi.
10. Okubalulekile:Uma usebenzisa i-inhaler equkethe i-steroid (i-corticosteroid), hlambulula umlomo wakho kahle ngamanzi ngemva kokuyisebenzisa. Lokhu kunganciphisa kakhulu imiphumela emibi.
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela wami?
Uma uba nezimpawu ezintsha njengokuphelelwa umoya, ukukhwehlela, noma ukuphefumula kanzima, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela. Angenza ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu ukuze athole isimo sakho esiqondile.
Futhi kukhona enye into ebalulekile.
Uma udinga ukusebenzisa i-rescue inhaler yakho (SABA) ngaphezu kokuphindwe kabili ngesonto , kusho ukuthi i-asthma yakho ayilawulwa kahle.
Uma lokhu kwenzeka, ungakushayi indiva. Bonana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha ukuze nixoxe ngokuthi udinga ukushintsha umthamo noma uhlobo lomuthi owuthathayo ukuze ulawule isimo sakho isikhathi eside. Landela njalo uhlelo lomuthi lukadokotela wakho ngqo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-bronchodilator uhlobo lomuthi ophumuza imisipha ezungeze izindlela zokuphefumula, okwenza ukuphefumula kube lula.
- Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko: usizo olusheshayo (ukuhlenga) kanye nokuvimbela isikhathi eside (umvikeli).
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa i-inhaler yakho njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekuyalele, ngesikhathi esifanele, nangomthamo ofanele.
- Uma udinga ukusebenzisa "i-rescue inhaler" yakho izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezimbili ngesonto, kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi isifo sakho asisalawuleki. Bonana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Ama-bronchodilator awawona ama-steroid, kodwa lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zemithi zivame ukusetshenziswa ndawonye.
- Uma unemibuzo mayelana nemithi noma isimo sakho, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaso sonke isikhathi.
💬 Comments (0)
Awekho amazwana athunyelwe okwamanje. Faka amazwana akho lapha okokuqala ngqa.
Engeza amazwana akho