Izifo NezimoJulayi 16, 2026🔄 Updated: Jul 16, 2026⏱ 7 min

Ingabe kukhona ushintsho oluncane ekugelezeni kwegazi enhliziyweni yakho? Ake sixoxe nge-(Cardiac Shunt)!

Creator: Dr. Priya Sammani
Published: 2026-07-16T13:39:35.000Z

Dr. Priya Sammani, MBBS, PG Dip. FMMedical Verification

Inhliziyo yethu iyisitho esimangalisayo, akunjalo? Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nezinguquko ezincane noma ukuphazamiseka endleleni igazi eligeleza ngayo enhliziyweni. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esinjalo, okungukuthi, `(Cardiac Shunt)` . Lokhu kungaba yinto ezalwa kwabanye abantu, okungukuthi, `(Congenital Heart Defect)` . Abanye abantu bangase bangabi nazimpawu, kodwa kwabanye, lokhu kungaba kubi kakhulu.

Ake siqale sibone ukuthi igazi lihamba kanjani enhliziyweni?

Kalula nje, inhliziyo yethu ifana nendlu enamakamelo amane. Uhlangothi lwesokudla lwalokhu yilapho igazi elisetshenziswe ngumzimba wonke, elilahlekelwe umoya-mpilo, liqoqeka khona. Bese inhliziyo ithumela leli gazi emaphashini. Cabanga ngakho njengokulithumela esiteshini senkonzo. Kusemaphashini lapho kufakwa khona umoya-mpilo omusha kuleli gazi, njengokufaka uphethiloli emotweni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, igesi yekhabhoni dioksijini egazini iyasuswa . Manje leli gazi elihlanzekile, elicebile ngomoya-mpilo libuyela ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo. Ukusuka lapho, inhliziyo isabalalisa leli gazi kuwo wonke umzimba. Lokhu kusizwa umthambo omkhulu wegazi obizwa ngokuthi `(Aorta)` . Lena indlela igazi elivame ukuhamba ngayo:

Igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo liyageleza liye ohlangothini lwesokudla lwenhliziyo.
Inhliziyo ipompa lelo gazi liye emaphashini.
Amaphaphu agcwalisa igazi nge-oxygen futhi asuse i-carbon dioxide.
Igazi elicebile nge-oksijini livela emaphashini liye ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo.
Inhliziyo ipompa leli gazi emzimbeni wonke.

Manje, i- `(Cardiac Shunt)` isho ukuthi kukhona uhlobo oluthile lokungajwayelekile endleleni igazi eligeleza ngayo. Okusho ukuthi, igazi aligelezi lisuka kwenye indawo liye kwenye (umthambo wegazi noma igumbi lenhliziyo) ngendlela evamile, kodwa ngendlela ehlukile. Ngenxa yalokhu, igazi elinomoya-mpilo lingabuyela emaphashini, noma igazi elinomoya-mpilo lingaya ngqo emzimbeni ngaphandle kokuya emaphashini. Uyaqonda?

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-Cardiac Shunt?

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-`(Cardiac Shunt)`, ezihlukaniswa ngokuya kokugeleza kwegazi: 1. I-shunt esuka kwesobunxele iye kwesokudla (i-shunt esuka kwesobunxele iye kwesokudla / i-Acyanotic): Kulokhu, igazi elivele lithole umoya-mpilo, okungukuthi, igazi okufanele liye emzimbeni lisuka ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo, livuza libuyele ohlangothini lwesokudla liye emaphashini. Kulokhu , ngokuvamile akukho ukwehla kwamazinga omoya-mpilo (ubuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) ezigabeni zokuqala. Ezinye izibonelo yilezi:

I-Atrial Septal Defect (ASD): Imbobo ephakathi kwamakamelo amabili aphezulu (i-atria) yenhliziyo.
I-Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD): Imbobo ephakathi kwamakamelo amabili aphansi (amakamelo) enhliziyo.
I-Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA): Umthambo wegazi okhona esibelethweni futhi okufanele uvalwe ngemva kokuzalwa, uhlala uvulekile.
I-Atrioventricular Septal Defect: Iphutha eliyinkimbinkimbi ezindongeni eziphakathi kwe-atria nama-ventricle.
`(Ukubuya Kwemithambo Yemithambo Yephaphu Okuphelele/Okungaphelele - TAPVR/PAPVR)`:Ukuxhumana okungalungile komthambo wegazi (umthambo wamaphaphu) okuletha umoya-mpilo ovela emaphashini uye enhliziyweni.

2. I-shunt esuka kwesokudla iye kwesobunxele (i-Cyanotic): Lokhu kwenzeka lapho igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo emzimbeni lingayi emaphashini ukuyolanda umoya-mpilo, kodwa kunalokho liya ngqo ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo futhi lijikeleze umzimba wonke. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi izinga lomoya-mpilo egazini lehle, futhi isikhumba singase sibonakale siluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka . Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi `(i-Cyanosis)` . Ezinye izibonelo:

I-Tetralogy of Fallot: Lokhu kuyinhlanganisela yeziphambeko ezine zenhliziyo.
Ukuguqulwa Kwemithambo Emikhulu: Indawo yemithambo yegazi emibili eyinhloko ethwala igazi lisuka enhliziyweni liye emzimbeni nasemaphashini ishintshiwe.
I-Pulmonary Atresia: I-valve ethwala igazi emaphashini (i-pulmonary valve) ayakheki kahle.
I-Eisenmenger Syndrome: I-shunt eyayiqala kwesobunxele iye kwesokudla ekugcineni ijika isuka kwesokudla iye kwesobunxele.
I-Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome ( HLHS ): Uhlangothi lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo alukhuli kahle.
`(I-Double Outlet right Ventricle)`
`(Ukukhubazeka Kwemithambo Yemithambo Yephaphu)`
`(Truncus Arteriosus)`

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-circular shunt . Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu, esisongela ukuphila . Kulesi simo, igazi lijikeleza enhliziyweni, kodwa igazi elanele alimpontshelwa emzimbeni. Lokhu kuvame ukubonakala ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu zesimo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Ebstein's Anomaly - EA)` .

Zivame kangakanani lezi zimo (ze-Cardiac Shunt)?

Eqinisweni, le `(Cardiac Shunt)` uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwesifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso . Ngokwesilinganiso , cishe ingane eyodwa kweziyi-100 ingaba nohlobo oluthile lwesifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-(Cardiac Shunt)?

Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungabangelwa yisakhi sofuzo . Okusho ukuthi, kungabangelwa ushintsho (`(Mutation)`) ku-gene ethile. Isibonelo, cishe ingxenye yabantu abane -`(Down Syndrome)` banohlobo oluthile lwe-`(Cardiac Shunt)`. Futhi, izinto ezithile ezithinta umama ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa zingandisa ingozi yokuthi ingane ikhulele i-`(Cardiac Shunt)`.

Umama unesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa ( isifo sikashukela ) ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwe- " Ibuprofen " noma i-Vitamin A.
Umkhuhlane (umkhuhlane) .
Ukusetshenziswa kwensangu .
I-Rubella (Isimungumungwane saseJalimane)

Cabanga nje, uma umama evezwa into efana nale ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kungaba nomthelela omncane ekukhuleni kwenhliziyo yengane. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuqaphela kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Cardiac Shunt?

Izimpawu zingahluka kakhulu. Ama-shunt asuka kwesobunxele aye kwesokudla avame ukungatholakali kuze kube yilapho esemusha noma esemdala . Uma kuvela izimpawu, zingase zihlanganise:
Ubunzima bokuphefumula (i-Dyspnea) .
Ukuzizwa ukhathele ngokushesha, ungakwazi ukuzivocavoca.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, le shunt esuka kwesobunxele iye kwesokudla ingabangela umfutho wegazi ophezulu emaphashini (umfutho wegazi ophezulu emithanjeni yegazi yamaphaphu). Kuma -shunt asuka kwesobunxele aye kwesokudla , izimpawu zivame ukuqala ebuntwaneni .
Uphawu oluyinhloko umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka wesikhumba somntwana (i-cyanosis) .
Iminwe noma izinzipho eziboshwe ngenduku .
Ukukhwehlela igazi (i-Hemoptysis) .
Ingane ayikhuli kahle .
Ubunzima bokuphefumula (i-Dyspnea) .
Ukutheleleka okuvamile.
Cabanga ukuthi kungaba yinto esabekayo kangakanani kumama noma ubaba ukubona umntwana osanda kuzalwa ephenduka okwesibhakabhaka. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ezikhathini ezinjengalezi ukubona udokotela ngokushesha okukhulu.
Uthola kanjani ukuthi une-(Cardiac Shunt)?
Uma udokotela esola ukuthi i-cardiac shunt iyasebenza, angenza izivivinyo eziningana, njenge:
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi : Bheka izinguquko emangqamuzaneni abomvu egazi.
Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe: Thatha i -X-ray yesifuba noma i-CT scan ukuze ubheke izinguquko esimweni senhliziyo.
I-Echocardiogram: Lokhu kufana nokuskena kwenhliziyo nge-ultrasound. Kungabheka isakhiwo senhliziyo , ukuthi isebenza kanjani, ukuthi igeleza kanjani, nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini imigodi. Lokhu kuvame ukuba ukuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu.
I-Electrocardiogram - EKG: Ukuhlola ukusebenza kukagesi kwenhliziyo nokuthola izimo ezifana ne-Pulmonary Hypertension.
I-Catheterization Yenhliziyo: Lokhu kuhlolwa kulinganisa ingcindezi ngaphakathi kwegumbi ngalinye lenhliziyo. Kungasetshenziswa ukunquma ukuthi ukuhlinzwa kuyadingeka yini noma ukusiza ekunqumeni ukuthi ukuhlinzwa sekunconyiwe kakade.
Iphathwa kanjani i-Cardiac Shunt?
Ukwelashwa kuncike ezimpawini kanye nobunzima besimo. Amanye ama-shunt amancane angase aphole ngokwawo ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Kuma-shunt amakhulu, odokotela bangase benze ukuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe indlela yokopha . Ezinye izindlela zokuhlinzwa ezivamile zifaka:
`(Inqubo kaNorwood)`: Lokhu ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo okuvulekile okuvame ukwenziwa ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa. Lapha, odokotela abahlinzayo bakha i-`(Aorta)` enkulu futhi bashintshe indlela yokugeleza kwegazi. Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, i-ventricle yesokudla iyakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wayo wokupompa igazi liye emzimbeni.
`(Inqubo kaGlenn)`: Udokotela ohlinzayo ushintsha indlela yokugeleza kwegazi futhi aqondise igazi lisuka emzimbeni liye ngqo emaphashini.
`(Inqubo ye-Fontan)`: Kule nqubo, ukugeleza kwegazi kuyashintsha futhi igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo lithunyelwa ngqo emaphashini. Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, igazi elinomoya-mpilo liya ngqo kwelinye lamagumbi enhliziyo. Lokhu kuvimbela ukuxubana kwegazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo kanye negazi elinomoya-mpilo emagumbini enhliziyo.
Ukuzwa ngalezi zihlinzeko kungaba yinto eyesabekayo, kodwa kusindise izimpilo zezingane eziningi.
Ingabe i-Cardiac Shunt ingavinjelwa?
Ayikho indlela eqinisekile engu-100% yokuvimbela i-cardiac shunt. Kodwa-ke, uma ukhulelwe, ungalandela imikhuba enempilo ukuze wandise amathuba akho okuthola umntwana onempilo:
Gwema izinto eziyingozi: Gwema utshwala, ugwayi, izidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni, kanye ne-caffeine eningi ngokweqile.
Yidla ukudla okunomsoco: Gwema ukudla okungandisa ingozi yokutheleleka, njengenyama engaphekiwe kahle, izinhlobo ezithile zoshizi, kanye nemikhiqizo yezilwane engaphekiwe.
Vivinya umzimba njalo .
Thola yonke imijovo njengoba kunconywe udokotela wakho, okuhlanganisa nomjovo womkhuhlane.
Lala okungenani amahora ayisikhombisa kuya kwayisishiyagalombili ngobusuku. Zama ukulala ngohlangothi lwakho lwesobunxele ukuze uthuthukise ukujikeleza kwegazi.
Thatha amavithamini ngaphambi kokubeletha kanye nezinye izithako zokudla njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho.
Uyini umbono womuntu one-(Cardiac Shunt)?
Lokhu kuyahlukahluka kakhulu kuye ngohlobo kanye nobunzima be-`(Cardiac Shunt)`. `Enkulu noma enzima ye-`(Cardiac Shunt)` idinga ukwelashwa ukuvimbela izinkinga. Ezinye izinhlobo zingadinga ukwelashwa ngokuhlinzwa zingakapheli amasonto ambalwa kusukela ekuzalweni . Uma une-`(Pulmonary Hypertension)` enzima, kungenzeka ukuthi udinga ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo noma ube nezinkinga. Ezimweni eziningi, ama-shunt angathinti kakhulu izinga lomoya-mpilo egazini awabangeli izinkinga ezinkulu. Angase angakhombisi zimpawu noma adinge ukwelashwa.
Yini enye ofuna ukuyibuza udokotela wakho?
Uma wena noma ingane yakho nine-"Cardiac Shunt", kungumqondo omuhle ukubuza udokotela wakho ngalokhu okulandelayo:
Hlobo luni lwe-`(Cardiac Shunt)` olunalo ingane yami/yami?
Yiziphi izivivinyo mina/ingane yami okudingeka ngizihlole ukuze ngithole lokhu?
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezikhona?
Yini engingayenza ukuze nginciphise ingozi yezinkinga ezivela kulokhu (i-Cardiac Shunt)?
Angakanani amathuba okuba ingane yami elandelayo nayo ibe ne-`(Cardiac Shunt)`?
Yini esingayilindela esikhathini esizayo?
Ekugcineni, umyalezo okufanele uwuthathe uye ekhaya:
I-cardiac shunt iyisimo esingajwayelekile endleleni igazi eligeleza ngayo enhliziyweni yakho. Lokhu kuvame ukubangelwa izici zofuzo, kodwa ezinye zihlobene nezici ezithinta ukukhulelwa kwakho. Izimpawu ze-shunt ziyahlukahluka kakhulu. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-shunt zinezimpawu ezimbalwa kakhulu noma azinazo nhlobo. Ezinye zimbi kakhulu futhi zingaba yingozi empilweni uma zingelashwa. Uma i-cardiac shunt inzima, udokotela wakho angase enze ukuhlinzwa ukuze adale indlela entsha yokugeleza kwegazi.
Khumbula, uma wena noma ingane yakho ninezinye zalezi zimpawu, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngaphandle kokwesaba. Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa okufanele kungaholela emiphumeleni emihle kakhulu.
I - shunt yenhliziyo, i-shunt yenhliziyo, isifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso, ukujikeleza kwegazi, izimpawu zesifo senhliziyo, isifo senhliziyo sabantwana, ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

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Izifo NezimoJulayi 16, 2026
Ingabe kukhona ushintsho oluncane ekugelezeni kwegazi enhliziyweni yakho? Ake sixoxe nge-(Cardiac Shunt)!
Dr. Priya SammaniMedical Verification
⏱ 7 min read
📋Table of Contents
1. Ake siqale sibone ukuthi igazi lihamba kanjani enhliziyweni?
2. Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-Cardiac Shunt?
3. Zivame kangakanani lezi zimo (ze-Cardiac Shunt)?
4. Yiziphi izimbangela ze-(Cardiac Shunt)?
5. Ziyini izimpawu ze-Cardiac Shunt?
6. Uthola kanjani ukuthi une-(Cardiac Shunt)?
7. Iphathwa kanjani i-Cardiac Shunt?
8. Ingabe i-Cardiac Shunt ingavinjelwa?
9. Uyini umbono womuntu one-(Cardiac Shunt)?
10. Yini enye ofuna ukuyibuza udokotela wakho?
11. Ekugcineni, umyalezo okufanele uwuthathe uye ekhaya:
Inhliziyo yethu iyisitho esimangalisayo, akunjalo? Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nezinguquko ezincane noma ukuphazamiseka endleleni igazi eligeleza ngayo enhliziyweni. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esinjalo, okungukuthi, `(Cardiac Shunt)` . Lokhu kungaba yinto ezalwa kwabanye abantu, okungukuthi, `(Congenital Heart Defect)` . Abanye abantu bangase bangabi nazimpawu, kodwa kwabanye, lokhu kungaba kubi kakhulu.
Ake siqale sibone ukuthi igazi lihamba kanjani enhliziyweni?
Kalula nje, inhliziyo yethu ifana nendlu enamakamelo amane. Uhlangothi lwesokudla lwalokhu yilapho igazi elisetshenziswe ngumzimba wonke, elilahlekelwe umoya-mpilo, liqoqeka khona. Bese inhliziyo ithumela leli gazi emaphashini. Cabanga ngakho njengokulithumela esiteshini senkonzo. Kusemaphashini lapho kufakwa khona umoya-mpilo omusha kuleli gazi, njengokufaka uphethiloli emotweni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, igesi yekhabhoni dioksijini egazini iyasuswa . Manje leli gazi elihlanzekile, elicebile ngomoya-mpilo libuyela ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo. Ukusuka lapho, inhliziyo isabalalisa leli gazi kuwo wonke umzimba. Lokhu kusizwa umthambo omkhulu wegazi obizwa ngokuthi `(Aorta)` . Lena indlela igazi elivame ukuhamba ngayo:
Igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo liyageleza liye ohlangothini lwesokudla lwenhliziyo.
Inhliziyo ipompa lelo gazi liye emaphashini.
Amaphaphu agcwalisa igazi nge-oxygen futhi asuse i-carbon dioxide.
Igazi elicebile nge-oksijini livela emaphashini liye ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo.
Inhliziyo ipompa leli gazi emzimbeni wonke.
Manje, i- `(Cardiac Shunt)` isho ukuthi kukhona uhlobo oluthile lokungajwayelekile endleleni igazi eligeleza ngayo. Okusho ukuthi, igazi aligelezi lisuka kwenye indawo liye kwenye (umthambo wegazi noma igumbi lenhliziyo) ngendlela evamile, kodwa ngendlela ehlukile. Ngenxa yalokhu, igazi elinomoya-mpilo lingabuyela emaphashini, noma igazi elinomoya-mpilo lingaya ngqo emzimbeni ngaphandle kokuya emaphashini. Uyaqonda?
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-Cardiac Shunt?
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-`(Cardiac Shunt)`, ezihlukaniswa ngokuya kokugeleza kwegazi: 1. I-shunt esuka kwesobunxele iye kwesokudla (i-shunt esuka kwesobunxele iye kwesokudla / i-Acyanotic): Kulokhu, igazi elivele lithole umoya-mpilo, okungukuthi, igazi okufanele liye emzimbeni lisuka ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo, livuza libuyele ohlangothini lwesokudla liye emaphashini. Kulokhu , ngokuvamile akukho ukwehla kwamazinga omoya-mpilo (ubuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) ezigabeni zokuqala. Ezinye izibonelo yilezi:
I-Atrial Septal Defect (ASD): Imbobo ephakathi kwamakamelo amabili aphezulu (i-atria) yenhliziyo.
I-Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD): Imbobo ephakathi kwamakamelo amabili aphansi (amakamelo) enhliziyo.
I-Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA): Umthambo wegazi okhona esibelethweni futhi okufanele uvalwe ngemva kokuzalwa, uhlala uvulekile.
I-Atrioventricular Septal Defect: Iphutha eliyinkimbinkimbi ezindongeni eziphakathi kwe-atria nama-ventricle.
`(Ukubuya Kwemithambo Yemithambo Yephaphu Okuphelele/Okungaphelele - TAPVR/PAPVR)`:Ukuxhumana okungalungile komthambo wegazi (umthambo wamaphaphu) okuletha umoya-mpilo ovela emaphashini uye enhliziyweni.
2. I-shunt esuka kwesokudla iye kwesobunxele (i-Cyanotic): Lokhu kwenzeka lapho igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo emzimbeni lingayi emaphashini ukuyolanda umoya-mpilo, kodwa kunalokho liya ngqo ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo futhi lijikeleze umzimba wonke. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi izinga lomoya-mpilo egazini lehle, futhi isikhumba singase sibonakale siluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka . Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi `(i-Cyanosis)` . Ezinye izibonelo:
I-Tetralogy of Fallot: Lokhu kuyinhlanganisela yeziphambeko ezine zenhliziyo.
Ukuguqulwa Kwemithambo Emikhulu: Indawo yemithambo yegazi emibili eyinhloko ethwala igazi lisuka enhliziyweni liye emzimbeni nasemaphashini ishintshiwe.
I-Pulmonary Atresia: I-valve ethwala igazi emaphashini (i-pulmonary valve) ayakheki kahle.
I-Eisenmenger Syndrome: I-shunt eyayiqala kwesobunxele iye kwesokudla ekugcineni ijika isuka kwesokudla iye kwesobunxele.
I-Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome ( HLHS ): Uhlangothi lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo alukhuli kahle.
`(I-Double Outlet right Ventricle)`
`(Ukukhubazeka Kwemithambo Yemithambo Yephaphu)`
`(Truncus Arteriosus)`
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-circular shunt . Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu, esisongela ukuphila . Kulesi simo, igazi lijikeleza enhliziyweni, kodwa igazi elanele alimpontshelwa emzimbeni. Lokhu kuvame ukubonakala ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu zesimo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Ebstein's Anomaly - EA)` .
Zivame kangakanani lezi zimo (ze-Cardiac Shunt)?
Eqinisweni, le `(Cardiac Shunt)` uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwesifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso . Ngokwesilinganiso , cishe ingane eyodwa kweziyi-100 ingaba nohlobo oluthile lwesifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso.
Yiziphi izimbangela ze-(Cardiac Shunt)?
Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungabangelwa yisakhi sofuzo . Okusho ukuthi, kungabangelwa ushintsho (`(Mutation)`) ku-gene ethile. Isibonelo, cishe ingxenye yabantu abane -`(Down Syndrome)` banohlobo oluthile lwe-`(Cardiac Shunt)`. Futhi, izinto ezithile ezithinta umama ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa zingandisa ingozi yokuthi ingane ikhulele i-`(Cardiac Shunt)`.
Umama unesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa ( isifo sikashukela ) ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwe- " Ibuprofen " noma i-Vitamin A.
Umkhuhlane (umkhuhlane) .
Ukusetshenziswa kwensangu .
I-Rubella (Isimungumungwane saseJalimane)
Cabanga nje, uma umama evezwa into efana nale ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kungaba nomthelela omncane ekukhuleni kwenhliziyo yengane. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuqaphela kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-Cardiac Shunt?
Izimpawu zingahluka kakhulu. Ama-shunt asuka kwesobunxele aye kwesokudla avame ukungatholakali kuze kube yilapho esemusha noma esemdala . Uma kuvela izimpawu, zingase zihlanganise:
Ubunzima bokuphefumula (i-Dyspnea) .
Ukuzizwa ukhathele ngokushesha, ungakwazi ukuzivocavoca.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, le shunt esuka kwesobunxele iye kwesokudla ingabangela umfutho wegazi ophezulu emaphashini (umfutho wegazi ophezulu emithanjeni yegazi yamaphaphu). Kuma -shunt asuka kwesobunxele aye kwesokudla , izimpawu zivame ukuqala ebuntwaneni .
Uphawu oluyinhloko umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka wesikhumba somntwana (i-cyanosis) .
Iminwe noma izinzipho eziboshwe ngenduku .
Ukukhwehlela igazi (i-Hemoptysis) .
Ingane ayikhuli kahle .
Ubunzima bokuphefumula (i-Dyspnea) .
Ukutheleleka okuvamile.
Cabanga ukuthi kungaba yinto esabekayo kangakanani kumama noma ubaba ukubona umntwana osanda kuzalwa ephenduka okwesibhakabhaka. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ezikhathini ezinjengalezi ukubona udokotela ngokushesha okukhulu.
Uthola kanjani ukuthi une-(Cardiac Shunt)?
Uma udokotela esola ukuthi i-cardiac shunt iyasebenza, angenza izivivinyo eziningana, njenge:
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi : Bheka izinguquko emangqamuzaneni abomvu egazi.
Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe: Thatha i -X-ray yesifuba noma i-CT scan ukuze ubheke izinguquko esimweni senhliziyo.
I-Echocardiogram: Lokhu kufana nokuskena kwenhliziyo nge-ultrasound. Kungabheka isakhiwo senhliziyo , ukuthi isebenza kanjani, ukuthi igeleza kanjani, nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini imigodi. Lokhu kuvame ukuba ukuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu.
I-Electrocardiogram - EKG: Ukuhlola ukusebenza kukagesi kwenhliziyo nokuthola izimo ezifana ne-Pulmonary Hypertension.
I-Catheterization Yenhliziyo: Lokhu kuhlolwa kulinganisa ingcindezi ngaphakathi kwegumbi ngalinye lenhliziyo. Kungasetshenziswa ukunquma ukuthi ukuhlinzwa kuyadingeka yini noma ukusiza ekunqumeni ukuthi ukuhlinzwa sekunconyiwe kakade.
Iphathwa kanjani i-Cardiac Shunt?
Ukwelashwa kuncike ezimpawini kanye nobunzima besimo. Amanye ama-shunt amancane angase aphole ngokwawo ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Kuma-shunt amakhulu, odokotela bangase benze ukuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe indlela yokopha . Ezinye izindlela zokuhlinzwa ezivamile zifaka:
`(Inqubo kaNorwood)`: Lokhu ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo okuvulekile okuvame ukwenziwa ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa. Lapha, odokotela abahlinzayo bakha i-`(Aorta)` enkulu futhi bashintshe indlela yokugeleza kwegazi. Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, i-ventricle yesokudla iyakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wayo wokupompa igazi liye emzimbeni.
`(Inqubo kaGlenn)`: Udokotela ohlinzayo ushintsha indlela yokugeleza kwegazi futhi aqondise igazi lisuka emzimbeni liye ngqo emaphashini.
`(Inqubo ye-Fontan)`: Kule nqubo, ukugeleza kwegazi kuyashintsha futhi igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo lithunyelwa ngqo emaphashini. Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, igazi elinomoya-mpilo liya ngqo kwelinye lamagumbi enhliziyo. Lokhu kuvimbela ukuxubana kwegazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo kanye negazi elinomoya-mpilo emagumbini enhliziyo.
Ukuzwa ngalezi zihlinzeko kungaba yinto eyesabekayo, kodwa kusindise izimpilo zezingane eziningi.
Ingabe i-Cardiac Shunt ingavinjelwa?
Ayikho indlela eqinisekile engu-100% yokuvimbela i-cardiac shunt. Kodwa-ke, uma ukhulelwe, ungalandela imikhuba enempilo ukuze wandise amathuba akho okuthola umntwana onempilo:
Gwema izinto eziyingozi: Gwema utshwala, ugwayi, izidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni, kanye ne-caffeine eningi ngokweqile.
Yidla ukudla okunomsoco: Gwema ukudla okungandisa ingozi yokutheleleka, njengenyama engaphekiwe kahle, izinhlobo ezithile zoshizi, kanye nemikhiqizo yezilwane engaphekiwe.
Vivinya umzimba njalo .
Thola yonke imijovo njengoba kunconywe udokotela wakho, okuhlanganisa nomjovo womkhuhlane.
Lala okungenani amahora ayisikhombisa kuya kwayisishiyagalombili ngobusuku. Zama ukulala ngohlangothi lwakho lwesobunxele ukuze uthuthukise ukujikeleza kwegazi.
Thatha amavithamini ngaphambi kokubeletha kanye nezinye izithako zokudla njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho.
Uyini umbono womuntu one-(Cardiac Shunt)?
Lokhu kuyahlukahluka kakhulu kuye ngohlobo kanye nobunzima be-`(Cardiac Shunt)`. `Enkulu noma enzima ye-`(Cardiac Shunt)` idinga ukwelashwa ukuvimbela izinkinga. Ezinye izinhlobo zingadinga ukwelashwa ngokuhlinzwa zingakapheli amasonto ambalwa kusukela ekuzalweni . Uma une-`(Pulmonary Hypertension)` enzima, kungenzeka ukuthi udinga ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo noma ube nezinkinga. Ezimweni eziningi, ama-shunt angathinti kakhulu izinga lomoya-mpilo egazini awabangeli izinkinga ezinkulu. Angase angakhombisi zimpawu noma adinge ukwelashwa.
Yini enye ofuna ukuyibuza udokotela wakho?
Uma wena noma ingane yakho nine-"Cardiac Shunt", kungumqondo omuhle ukubuza udokotela wakho ngalokhu okulandelayo:
Hlobo luni lwe-`(Cardiac Shunt)` olunalo ingane yami/yami?
Yiziphi izivivinyo mina/ingane yami okudingeka ngizihlole ukuze ngithole lokhu?
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezikhona?
Yini engingayenza ukuze nginciphise ingozi yezinkinga ezivela kulokhu (i-Cardiac Shunt)?
Angakanani amathuba okuba ingane yami elandelayo nayo ibe ne-`(Cardiac Shunt)`?
Yini esingayilindela esikhathini esizayo?
Ekugcineni, umyalezo okufanele uwuthathe uye ekhaya:
I-cardiac shunt iyisimo esingajwayelekile endleleni igazi eligeleza ngayo enhliziyweni yakho. Lokhu kuvame ukubangelwa izici zofuzo, kodwa ezinye zihlobene nezici ezithinta ukukhulelwa kwakho. Izimpawu ze-shunt ziyahlukahluka kakhulu. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-shunt zinezimpawu ezimbalwa kakhulu noma azinazo nhlobo. Ezinye zimbi kakhulu futhi zingaba yingozi empilweni uma zingelashwa. Uma i-cardiac shunt inzima, udokotela wakho angase enze ukuhlinzwa ukuze adale indlela entsha yokugeleza kwegazi.
Khumbula, uma wena noma ingane yakho ninezinye zalezi zimpawu, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngaphandle kokwesaba. Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa okufanele kungaholela emiphumeleni emihle kakhulu.
I - shunt yenhliziyo, i-shunt yenhliziyo, isifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso, ukujikeleza kwegazi, izimpawu zesifo senhliziyo, isifo senhliziyo sabantwana, ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo
⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.
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