Iyini inhliziyo? Ake sixoxe ngale njini encane ngokuningiliziwe!

Wake wazibuza ukuthi umsindo oqhubekayo 'wokugujwa' ovela ngaphakathi esifubeni sakho uvelaphi, futhi yini ebangela lokho? Yinhliziyo yethu, isitho esincane kodwa esinamandla kakhulu esifana nenjini esinika impilo emizimbeni yethu. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngalesi sitho esimangalisayo, ukuthi sisebenza kanjani, izifo esizibangelayo, nokuthi yini esingayenza ukuze sisigcine siphilile.

Iyini ngempela inhliziyo?

Kalula nje, inhliziyo yakho iyisitho esincane, kodwa esibaluleke kakhulu, esingangesibhakela sakho. Ifana nephampu yegazi eyinhloko emzimbeni wethu. Iphampa igazi kuwo wonke umzimba wethu. Lo mshini omangalisayo wenziwe ngemisipha nezicubu.

Inhliziyo yakho inamakamelo amane amakhulu, njengamakamelo asendlini. Igazi lingena kula makamelo bese lihlala lapho isikhashana ngaphambi kokuba likhishwe liye kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Inhliziyo ishaya ngemizwa kagesi. Lawa mamizwa ahambisa igazi kula makamelo. Ubuchopho bakho kanye nohlelo lwakho lwezinzwa kulawula ukusebenza kwenhliziyo.

Ngakho-ke, kwenzekani ngempela enhliziyweni?

Umsebenzi oyinhloko wenhliziyo ukupompa igazi emzimbeni wonke . Leli gazi linikeza wonke amangqamuzana emzimbeni wethu umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba azidingayo. Liphinde lithwale imfucuza, njenge-carbon dioxide, ekhiqizwa amangqamuzana bese iyiletha kwezinye izitho lapho ingasuswa khona.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, inhliziyo yakho yenza ezinye izinto:

• Ilawula izinga kanye nesigqi sokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho.
• Kusiza ukugcina umfutho wegazi lakho usezingeni elifanele.

Inhliziyo ayizenzi lezi zinto yodwa. Isebenza ngokubambisana nezinye izinhlelo:

• Isimiso Sezinzwa: Isimiso sezinzwa sisiza ukulawula izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho. Sithumela izimpawu zokunciphisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho uma ulele futhi sikusheshise uma ucindezelekile. Cabanga nje ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha kangakanani ngaphambi kokuba uhlolwe!
• Uhlelo lwe-Endocrine :Lolu hlelo lukhipha ama-hormone . Lawa ma-hormone atshela imithambo yegazi yakho ukuthi inciphe noma ivuleke. Lokhu kuthinta umfutho wegazi lakho. Isibonelo, ama-hormone avela endlaleni yakho ye-thyroid angathinta ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha noma kancane kangakanani.

Ziyini izingxenye zenhliziyo? Kufana nendlu!

Singacabanga ngezingxenye zenhliziyo njengezingxenye zendlu enkulu. Bheka le ncazelo:

• Izindonga: Njengezindonga zendlu.
• Amakamelo: Kungacatshangwa njengamakamelo.
• Amavalvu: Njengeminyango yamakamelo, angavuleka futhi avale.
• Imithambo yegazi : Njengesistimu yamapayipi amanzi endlini.
• Uhlelo lokuhambisa ugesi: Njengohlelo lwezintambo zikagesi oluhlinzeka ngogesi ekhaya.

Izindonga zenhliziyo

Izindonga zenhliziyo yakho zakhiwe yimisipha efinyela futhi ikhule ukuze isize ukupompa igazi emzimbeni wakho wonke. Izindonga zenhliziyo zihlukaniswe izinhlangothi zesokudla nesobunxele yizicubu zemisipha ezibizwa ngokuthi i-septum .

Kunezingqimba ezintathu odongeni lwenhliziyo:

• I-Endocardium: Ingqimba engaphakathi kakhulu.
• I-Myocardium: Ingqimba ephakathi yemisipha. Yilokhu okubangela kakhulu ukushaya kwenhliziyo.
• I-Epicardium: Ingqimba engaphandle evikelayo.

Le epicardium iwungqimba olulodwa lwe -pericardium yakho. I-pericardium iyisikhwama esivikelayo esizungeze inhliziyo yakho yonke. Ikhiqiza uketshezi lokugcoba inhliziyo futhi ivimbele ukuthi ingashayisani nezinye izitho zomzimba.

Amakamelo enhliziyo

Inhliziyo yakho inamakamelo amane ahlukene, njengamakamelo amane. Kunamakamelo amabili aphezulu (i-atria) namakamelo amabili aphansi (ama-ventricle), ngakwesokudla nakwesobunxele senhliziyo.

• I-atrium yangakwesokudla: Imithambo emibili emikhulu iletha igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo e-atrium yangakwesokudla. I-vena cava ephezulu iletha igazi elivela ezingxenyeni ezingaphezulu zomzimba. I-vena cava ephansiI-atrium yangakwesokudla bese ipompa leli gazi liye kwi-ventricle yangakwesokudla.
• I-ventricle yesokudla: Leli gumbi elingezansi kwesokudla lithumela igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo emaphashini nge -pulmonary artery . Amaphaphu abe esephinda afake umoya-mpilo egazini.
• I-atrium yangakwesobunxele: Ngemva kokuba igazi lifakwe umoya-mpilo ngamaphaphu, imithambo yamaphaphu iletha igazi elinomoya-mpilo e-atrium yangakwesobunxele. Leli gumbi eliphezulu lipompa igazi liye e-ventricle yangakwesobunxele.
• I-ventricle yesobunxele: I-ventricle yesobunxele inkulu kancane kune-ventricle yesokudla. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ipompa igazi elinomoya-mpilo emzimbeni wonke. Ngakho-ke idinga amandla engeziwe.

Ama-valve enhliziyo

Ama-valve enhliziyo yakho afana neminyango ephakathi kwamakamelo enhliziyo yakho. Ayavuleka futhi avaleke ukuze igazi ligeleze. Avimba futhi igazi lingagelezi ngendlela engafanele. Akumangalisi lokho?

Ama-valve e-Atrioventricular (AV)

Lawa ma-valve avuleka phakathi kwamakamelo aphezulu nangaphansi enhliziyo yakho. Lawa:

• I-valve ye-Tricuspid: Umnyango ophakathi kwe-atrium yakho yangakwesokudla ne-ventricle yangakwesokudla.
• I-valve ye-mitral: Umnyango ophakathi kwe-atrium yakho yesobunxele ne-ventricle yesobunxele.

Amavalvu e-Semilunar (SL)

Lawa ma-valve ayavuleka uma igazi liphuma emithanjeni yakho. Lawa:

• I-valve ye-aortic: Iyavuleka njengoba igazi ligeleza lisuka kwi-ventricle yakho yesobunxele liye kwi-aorta (umthambo oyinhloko othwala igazi elinomoya-mpilo liye emzimbeni).
• Ivalvu yamaphaphu: Ivuleka lapho igazi ligeleza lisuka kwi-ventricle yakho yesokudla liye emithanjeni yamaphaphu (uhlobo olulodwa kuphela lomthambo othwala igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo liye emaphashini).

Imithambo yegazi

Inhliziyo yakho ipompa igazi ngezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zemithambo yegazi:

• Imithambo yegazi: Le ithwala igazi elinomoya-mpilo lisuka enhliziyweni liye ezicutshini zomzimba. Kodwa-ke, imithambo yegazi yakho yamaphaphu ihlukile, ithwala igazi elinomoya-mpilo omncane liye emaphashini.
• Imithambo: Le mithambo ibuyisela igazi eliphelelwe umoya-mpilo enhliziyweni.
• Ama-capillary: Lawa yimithambo yegazi emincane kakhulu. Igazi elinomoya-mpilo omningi kanye nokushintshana kwegazi okungenawo umoya-mpilo ngalezi zinhlayiya.

Uhlelo lokuhambisa ugesi – 'ugesi' enhliziyweni

Uhlelo lokuhambisa umoya lwenhliziyo lufana nezintambo zikagesi endlini. Lulawula isigqi kanye nesivinini sokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho. Izimpawu ziqala phezulu kwenhliziyo bese zehla. Lolu hlelo lokuhambisa umoya luhlanganisa:

• I-node ye-Sinoatrial (SA):Izimpawu ezenza ukushaya kwenhliziyo zikhishwa lapha. Yingakho ibizwa ngokuthi 'i-pacemaker yemvelo' yenhliziyo.
• I-Atrioventricular (AV) node: Iqhuba izimpawu zikagesi ezivela emakamelweni aphezulu enhliziyo ziye emakamelweni aphansi.
• Inqwaba yamagatsha akhe, esobunxele nakwesokudla, kanye nemicu yePurkinje: Yilokhu okwenza amangqamuzana enhliziyo yakho afinyele futhi akhiphe igazi.

Yiziphi izifo ezivamile ezithinta inhliziyo?

Isifo senhliziyo singenye yezifo ezivame kakhulu. Eqinisweni, kwamanye amazwe, siyimbangela ehamba phambili yokufa.

Nazi ezinye izifo ezivamile ezingathinta inhliziyo yakho:

• I-Arrhythmia: Isilinganiso senhliziyo esisheshayo kakhulu, esihamba kancane kakhulu, noma esingajwayelekile.
• I-Cardiomyopathy : Ukuqina okungajwayelekile, ukukhulisa, noma ukuqina kwemisipha yenhliziyo.
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okubangelwa ukuminyana: Inhliziyo iba lukhuni noma ibe buthaka kangangokuthi ayikwazi ukupompa igazi kahle.
• Isifo semithambo yenhliziyo: Ukuqongelela kwamafutha (ukunqwabelana kwama-plaque) ngaphakathi kwemithambo yenhliziyo, okuyenza inciphe.
• Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo / Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo: Ukuvaleka kwemithambo yenhliziyo ngokuzumayo, okuphuca ingxenye yemisipha yenhliziyo umoya-mpilo.
• Isifo se-valve yenhliziyo: I-valve yenhliziyo engasebenzi kahle.
• Umfutho wegazi ophakeme: Igazi lakho lisunduza ngamandla ezindongeni zemithambo yakho yegazi.
• I-cholesterol ephezulu: Ukwanda kwenani lamafutha egazini lakho.

Ungayigcina kanjani inhliziyo yakho iphilile?

Uma unesifo esithinta inhliziyo yakho,Kubalulekile ukulandela uhlelo lokwelashwa lukadokotela wakho ngqo. Kukhona nezinguquko ezithile zendlela yokuphila ongazenza ukuze ugcine inhliziyo yakho iphilile.