Ingabe unekhanda elibuhlungu elihlala njalo elinzima kangangokuthi awukwazi ukulibekezelela? Noma ingabe uzizwa unesizungu ngokuzumayo bese ukhohlwa izinto? Ngezinye izikhathi sicabanga ukuthi lezi zinto ziwukukhathala okuvamile noma ukucindezeleka bese sizishaya indiva. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kwalokhu, kufanele siqaphele kakhudlwana, kungase kube nesifo esingavamile esifihliwe ngemuva kwazo. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesifo esinjalo. Leso yi-CNS Vasculitis.
Kalula nje, kuyini i-CNS Vasculitis?
Ake sithi umzimba wethu uyidolobha elikhulu. Khona-ke igumbi lokulawula eliyinhloko lalo muzi yiSistimu Yethu Yezinzwa Ephakathi (i-CNS) . Lokhu kufaka phakathi ubuchopho bethu nomgogodla . Konke esikwenzayo ngokuqaphela (njengokufunda lesi sihloko ngeminwe yethu) nakho konke esikwenzayo ngokungazi (njengokuphefumula, ukushaya kwenhliziyo) kulawulwa kusukela kuleli gumbi lokulawula.
Leli gumbi lokulawula lidinga ukuhlinzekwa kwegazi njalo ukuze lisebenze kahle. Leli gazi linikezwa yinethiwekhi yemithambo yegazi emihle kakhulu. I-CNS Vasculitis yisimo lapho imithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi ebuchosheni nasentanjeni yomgogodla ivuvukala, noma ivuvukale . Njengoba nje ipayipi lamanzi livaleka ngokugqwala bese livuvukala, livimba ukugeleza kwamanzi, lapho le mithambo yegazi ivuvukala, livimba ukugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni. Lokhu kungabangela umonakalo omkhulu ekusebenzeni kobuchopho.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-CNS Vasculitis:
Odokotela bahlukanisa lesi sifo sibe izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko. Ukuqonda lokho kuzokusiza ukuthi usiqonde kangcono lesi sifo.
| Uhlobo lwesifo | Kusho ukuthini lokhu? |
|---|---|
| I-CNS Vasculitis Eyinhloko | Kulesi simo, lesi sifo sikhula ngaphandle kwethonya lanoma yisiphi esinye isimo sezokwelapha, okungukuthi, ngokwaso. Akukatholakali sizathu esiqondile sokuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka. |
| I-Vasculitis yesibili ye-CNS | Kulesi simo, lesi sifo sikhula njengomphumela wesinye isifo emzimbeni wethu. Okusho ukuthi, siqala ngenxa yesinye isifo. Ngokuvamile, ezinye izifo ezizimele noma ezinye izifo zingabangela lokhu. |
Yiziphi izimpawu okufanele ukhathazeke ngazo?
Izimpawu zalesi sifo zingahluka kuye ngomuntu nomuntu. Futhi, njengoba lezi zimpawu zibonakala nakwezinye izifo, asikho isidingo sokwesaba uma uzibona. Kodwa-ke, uma lezi zimpawu ziqhubeka, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela nokufuna iseluleko.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ikhanda elibuhlungu elinzima nelihlala isikhathi eside | Lokhu akufani nekhanda elivamile. Kuyikhanda elibuhlungu elingapheli ngisho noma lisetshenziswa imithi yokwelapha izinhlungu, futhi lihlala izinsuku noma amasonto. |
| Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo nokudideka | Izinto ozikhumbula kahle ziyalibaleka ngokuzumayo. Awukwazi ukukhumbula ukuthi ukuphi, isikhathi sini, noma imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke. |
| Ukuba ndikindiki, imizwa engajwayelekile | Izingxenye zomzimba, njengezandla, izinyawo, nobuso, zingase zizwe zingakhululekile, noma zingase zizwe sengathi izintuthwane ziyagijima. Indlela ozizwa ngayo ngokuthinta ingashintsha. |
| Ubuthakathaka bomzimba | Ukuzwa sengathi uhlangothi olulodwa noma ingxenye yomzimba iyaphela. Ubunzima bokuhamba noma ukuphakamisa ingalo. |
| Izinkinga zokubona | Izinkinga ezifana nokungaboni kahle kanye nokubona kabili zingase zibe khona. |
| Ukuquleka | Ukulahlekelwa yingqondo ngokuzumayo, ukuxhuzula. |
| Ukuvuvukala kobuchopho (i-Encephalopathy) | Lokhu kungabangela izinguquko ekuziphatheni nasebuntwini. Ungase uthukuthele ngokuzumayo, ucasuke, noma ulahlekelwe ngisho nokuqwasha. |
Izinkinga ezingase zivele ngenxa yalesi sifo
Ku-CNS Vasculitis, sithi imithambo yegazi iyavuvukala futhi izindonga ziyaqina, okuvimbela ukuhamba kwegazi. Uma lesi simo singalawulwa, singabangela umonakalo omkhulu ebuchosheni nasemgogodleni, futhi kungavela ngisho nezinkinga ezisongela ukuphila.
- Isifo sohlangothi: Isifo sohlangothi senzeka lapho igazi eliya engxenyeni yobuchopho linqanyulwa ngokuphelele.
- Ukuhlaselwa Kwe-Ischemic Okwesikhashana (i-TIAs): Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi "ama-mini-stroke." Kuwukuphazamiseka kwesikhashana kokugeleza kwegazi, okubangela izimpawu zesifo sohlangothi ukuba zivele ziphele isikhashana. Kodwa-ke, zingaba yimbangela yesifo sohlangothi esikhulu.
- Ama-Aneurysms Obuchopho: Imithambo yegazi evuvukele iba buthakathaka, ivuvuke njengebhaluni, futhi ingaqhuma ngokuzumayo. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo nesisongela ukuphila.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Uma wena noma othile omaziyo ebonisa izimpawu zesifo sohlangothi (ukugoba kolunye uhlangothi lobuso, ukungakwazi ukuphakamisa ingalo, ubunzima bokukhuluma), ungalibali isikhashana. Myise eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha.
Kungani lolu hlobo lwesifo luvela? (Izimbangela)
I-CNS Vasculitis yisifo esibangelwa ukuzivikela komzimba . Ukuze siqonde lokhu, ake sithathe isibonelo esincane. Cabanga ukuthi kukhona ibutho lokuzivikela emzimbeni wethu. Leso yisimiso sethu somzimba sokuzivikela . Umsebenzi waleli butho ukulwa namagciwane (njengamagciwane namabhaktheriya) angena emzimbeni evela ngaphandle futhi asivikele ezifweni.
Kodwa-ke, esifweni sokuzivikela komzimba, ukuzivikela kwethu kuyaphazama bese kuqala ukuhlasela amangqamuzana ethu aphilile nezicubu esikhundleni sabahlaseli bangaphandle. Ku-CNS Vasculitis, lesi simiso sokuzivikela komzimba sihlasela imithambo yegazi ebuchosheni nasemgogodleni.
Izimbangela ze-CNS yesibili i-Vasculitis
Sithi uhlobo lwesibili lubangelwa esinye isimo sezokwelapha. Nazi ezinye zezimbangela ezingaba khona:
- Ezinye izifo zokuzivikela komzimba: Izifo ezifana ne-lupus, i-Sjögren's syndrome, i-Behçet's syndrome.
- Ukutheleleka ngegciwane: Izinto ezifana negciwane le-Epstein-Barr (EBV), igciwane le-Varicella-zoster, elibangela i-chickenpox.
- Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane: Ukutheleleka okufana nesifo sofuba kanye ne-syphilis.
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi sifo?
Ukuthola lesi sifo kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi kancane. Ngenxa yokuthi izimpawu zifana nezinye izifo ezivamile, udokotela wenza inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi "ukuxilongwa okuhlukile." Okusho ukuthi, uhlola futhi aqinisekise ukuthi akusona lesi sifo, ngasinye ngasinye, ngenxa yezinye izifo ezivamile ezingadala lezi zimpawu (isib. i-migraine, isithuthwane).
Udokotela wakho uzoqala akuhlole bese ekubuza umbuzo onemininingwane mayelana nezimpawu zakho. Kubalulekile ukucacisa ukuthi izimpawu zakho ziqale nini, ukuthi ziyafika futhi zidlule, nokuthi ziya ziba zimbi yini ngezikhathi ezithile zosuku.
Ngemuva kwalokho, ungaqondiswa ukuthi wenze ezinye izivivinyo ezifana nalezi:
- I-MRI kanye ne-CT scan: Thatha izithombe zobuchopho kanye nomgogodla ukuze ubone ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvuvukala, umonakalo, noma ukukhubazeka.
- I-Angiogram: Ukuhlolwa okuhilela ukufaka uketshezi olukhethekile emithanjeni yegazi nokuthatha izithombe ze-X-ray ukuze kubonakale ukuthi imithambo yegazi injani, ukuthi ivinjiwe noma ivuvukele.
- I-Biopsy: Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Kuthathwa isampula encane kakhulu yezicubu zobuchopho bese ihlolwa ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvuvukala emithanjeni yegazi.
- Ukubhoboza Kwethambo Lomgogodla/Umpompi Womgogodla: Isampula encane yoketshezi lomgogodla wobuchopho (CSF) oluzungeze intambo yomgogodla ithathwa emgogodleni bese ihlolwa ukuthi inamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi aphezulu yini kanye nezimpawu zokuvuvukala.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi: Hlola igazi ukuze uthole izimpawu zokuvuvukala emzimbeni (njenge-ESR, iphrotheni esabela ku-C).
Ungathunyelwa futhi kudokotela wamathambo .
Iphathwa kanjani?
Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelapha i-CNS vasculitis ukulawula ukuvuvukala emithanjeni yegazi nokuvimbela ukulimala kobuchopho kanye nomgogodla.
Ngokuvamile, izinhlobo ezingaphezu kweyodwa zemithi zisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa:
1. Ama-Corticosteroids: Lezi yizidakamizwa ezinamandla zokulwa nokuvuvukala. Zisiza ekulawuleni ngokushesha umsebenzi wesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela. Ungaqala ngomthamo ophezulu ekuqaleni.
2. Imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba:Le mithi isebenza ngokulawula amasosha omzimba asebenza ngokweqile futhi iwavimbele ekuhlaseleni umzimba ngokwawo.
Nakuba imithamo ephezulu yemithi ingase inikezwe ekuqaleni, ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa, lapho izimpawu sezilawulwa, udokotela uzonciphisa kancane kancane umthamo. Umgomo wokugcina wokwelashwa uwukuletha isifo esingcono . Okusho ukuthi, isikhathi eside lapho izimpawu zingasekho nhlobo noma zingabi zimbi kakhulu.
Uma unohlobo lwesibili, kuzodingeka futhi welaphe isifo esiyisisekelo esibangele lokhu (isib. i-lupus).
Ungaphila kanjani nalesi sifo?
Akukho ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo okwamanje. Kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi kufanele silahlekelwe yithemba. Ngokwelashwa okufanele, abantu abaningi bangahlala bengenazo izimpawu izinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka, bese bethola isiqabu.
I-CNS Vasculitis ayivamisile ukufinyeza isikhathi sokuphila. Kodwa-ke, uma kuvela izinkinga ezinkulu, njengokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi noma ukuqhekeka kwe-aneurysm, kungaba yingozi empilweni. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxilonga lesi sifo kusenesikhathi futhi uthole ukwelashwa okufanele.
Kuvamile ukuthi noma ubani esaba lapho ezwa ukuthi unesifo sobuchopho. Kodwa khumbula, ngesayensi yezokwelapha ethuthukisiwe yanamuhla, lesi simo singaphathwa kahle. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho. Mtshele konke onakho, ukukhathazeka kwakho, ukwesaba kwakho, kanye nezinguquko zakho ezimpawu. Ngemuva kwalokho angakha uhlelo lokwelashwa olufanele kakhulu kuwe.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-CNS Vasculitis yisimo esingavamile kodwa esibi lapho imithambo yegazi ebuchosheni nasemgogodleni ivuvukala futhi ivuvukale.
- Uma izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu bekhanda obungabekezeleleki, ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, kanye nobuthakathaka bomzimba ziqhubeka, funa iseluleko sikadokotela.
- Uma uzwa izimpawu zesifo sohlangothi (ukugoba kobuso, ukungazweli engalweni, ubunzima bokukhuluma), kuyisimo esiphuthumayo. Yiya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha.
- Lesi yisifo esibangelwa ukuzivikela komzimba; okungukuthi, uhlelo lokuzivikela lomzimba wethu lusihlasela ngephutha.
- Ngokwelashwa okufanele, lesi sifo singalawulwa futhi iziguli zingahlala zingenazo izimpawu (ukuthethelelwa) isikhathi eside .
- Ukuhlala uxhumana nodokotela wakho nokukhuluma ngokukhululekile ngezinto ezikukhathazayo kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuphatha lesi sifo.
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