Ingabe amehlo akho avuvukele ngokuzumayo futhi umbono wakho ufiphele? Ake sifunde ngalokhu (ama-Corneal Hydrops)?

Cabanga uvuka ekuseni bese kuthi ngokuzumayo elinye lamehlo akho libe libomvu, livuvukele, futhi awukwazi ukubona kahle. Noma, kuthiwani uma kuvela into efana nebala elimhlophe ngaphakathi kweso lakho? Yebo, uma kwenzeka into efana nale, kuyinto eyesabekayo kakhulu futhi ekhathazayo. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesifo esingathinta amehlo. Leso yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Corneal Hydrops)`. Ungakhathazeki, sizokhuluma ngalokhu kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.

Kuyini `(Corneal Hydrops)`? Kungani lokhu kwenzeka?

Kalula nje, i-`(Corneal Hydrops)` yingxenye ecacile, efana nengilazi yewashi yeso lethu ngaphezu kwendandatho emnyama (okungukuthi ingxenye enombala yeso), esiyibiza ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi `(cornea)`, ngoba leyo `(cornea)` iyavuvukala. Ivuvukala njengengilazi egcwele amanzi. Manje ake sibone ukuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka. I-`(cornea)` yethu inezendlalelo eziningana. Kukhona ulwelwesi oluthambile kakhulu noluthambile olucishe lungaphakathi kwalokhu, olubizwa ngokuthi `(Descemet's membrane)`. Uma ngesizathu esithile kukhona ukuqhekeka okuncane kule `(Descemet's membrane)`, njengokudabuka okuncane endwangwini, uketshezi olungaphakathi kweso lethu (aqueous humor) luvuza ngaleli qhekeko luye ku-`(stroma)`, okuyingqimba ephakathi ye-`(cornea)`. Cabanga ngakho njengesiponji esimunca amanzi. Yilapho ingxenye ye-`(stroma)` igcwala khona uketshezi futhi ivuvukala. Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi `(Corneal Hydrops)`. Ngaphezu kwalokhu kuvuvukala, kungase kube nokuvuvukala ngaphakathi kweso, njengokubomvu nobuhlungu. Bese kuthi, kuvele into efana nendawo emhlophe, efana nobisi ku-'(cornea)' yakho. Lokhu kungabangela nokuthi umbono wakho ocacile ube mfushane . Lesi simo se-'(Corneal Hydrops)' sivame ukwenzeka ngokuzumayo, ngokuzumayo. Ungase ube ngcono namuhla futhi uma usibheka ngakusasa ekuseni, iso lakho lingase livuvuke futhi umbono wakho ungase ushintshe. Yingakho odokotela besebenzisa igama elithi `(acute)` ukusho ukuthi 'ngokuzumayo'. Yingakho ungase uzwe futhi elithi `(Acute Corneal Hydrops)` ngakho. Kusho into efanayo, kwenzeke ngokuzumayo. Lesi simo singaba yinkinga kubantu abanezifo ezishintsha isimo se-cornea, njenge-`(Keratoconus)`. Sibiza leli qembu lezifo ezishintsha isimo se-cornea ngokuthi `(cornea)` `(corneal ectasias)`. Ngezinye izikhathi `(Corneal Hydrops)` ingaba ngcono ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, ungalokothi uzame ukwenza izinqumo wedwa . Uma unalezi zimpawu, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho wamehlo, uchwepheshe wamehlo. Angahlonza ukuthi lokhu ku-`(Corneal Hydrops)` noma okunye, futhi anganquma nokwelashwa okufanele kakhulu kuwe.

Ivame kangakanani i-Corneal Hydrops?

Ngokusho kocwaningo, phakathi kuka-0.2% no-2.8% wabantu abaneKeratoconus bahlakulela iCorneal Hydrops. E-United States, ukusabalala kulinganiselwa ukuthi kungabantu abangu-55 kwabayi-100,000. Lokhu kusho ukuthi iCorneal Hydrops ayivamile, kodwa kubalulekile ukuthi labo abaneKeratoconus bayiqaphele. Lesi simo sivame kakhulu kwabesilisa kunabesifazane . Ngokuvamile sithinta intsha eneminyaka engu-20 no-30.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-`(Corneal Hydrops)`?

Abanye abantu bangase bangakhombisi zimpawu noma ngabe banazo `(Corneal Hydrops)`. Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi baba nezimpawu. Nakhu ukuthi ziyini:

• Ukulahlekelwa umbono ngokuzumayo: Iso elalinombono omuhle ngaphambili liba lufifi ngokuzumayo futhi lingakwazi ukubona kahle.
• Indawo emhlophe, efana nobisi ngaphakathi kweso: Indawo lapho uketshezi luqoqana khona e-cornea iba mhlophe.
• Ubuhlungu bamehlo : Abanye abantu bangase babe nobuhlungu obukhulu.
• Ukwesaba ukukhanya: Amehlo aba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kangangokuthi awakwazi ukubheka ukukhanya futhi azizwe ebuhlungu.
• Ububomvu bamehlo: Amehlo angase abe bomvu.
• Amehlo anamanzi: Kungase kuzwakale sengathi izinyembezi ziyaphuma.
• Ubunzima bokufaka ama-contact lens: Uma ugqoka ama-contact lens, ungase ukuthole kunzima ukuwafaka, noma ungase uzizwe ungakhululekile ukuwafaka.

Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, iseluleko esingcono kakhulu engingakunika sona ukubona udokotela wamehlo ngaphandle kokuchitha isikhathi .

Kungani lokhu `(Corneal Hydrops)` kwenzeka? Ziyini izimbangela?

Ama-Corneal Hydrops akuyona into engasakazeka kusuka kumuntu iye komunye njengomkhuhlane. Odokotela bakholelwa ukuthi kunezimbangela eziningana eziyinhloko zalokhu:

• Ukuncipha kwe-cornea yakho: Lapho i-cornea iba ncane futhi ibuthakathaka, kunethuba elikhulu lokuthi kuzovela ukudabuka elweleni likaDescemet.
• I-Corneal ectasia : Izifo ezifana ne -Keratoconus zibangela ukuthi i-cornea ilahlekelwe yisimo sayo esijwayelekile esiyindilinga bese iba yi-conical. Lokhu kuguquka kungalimaza ne-membrane ye-Descemet.
• Ukuhlikihla amehlo njalo:Abanye abantu bavame ukuhlikihla noma ukufinya amehlo abo. Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu emehlweni. Ukwenza lokhu kungacindezela i-`(cornea)` futhi kubangele ukudabuka kwe-`(ulwelwesi lukaDescemet)`.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola i-`(Corneal Hydrops)`?

Abanye abantu banamathuba amaningi okuthola lesi simo kunabanye. Ake sibheke ukuthi bangobani:

• Abantu abanezifo esigabeni se-`(Corneal ectasia)`: Ikakhulukazi labo abane-`(Keratoconus)` basengozini enkulu.
• Abantu abane-atopic dermatitis: I-Atopy yisimo lapho amasosha omzimba esabela ngokweqile, noma ethambekele ekuguleni. Abantu abanalesi simo bangase babe sengozini enkulu ngoba bavame ukuhlikihla amehlo abo njalo ngenxa yezinto ezinjengamehlo alumayo .
• Abantu abane -Down syndrome : Abantu abane-Down syndrome nabo basengozini yokuthola i-Corneal Hydrops kanye nezimo ezifana ne-Keratoconus.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ze-Corneal Hydrops?

Ngesikhathi se-`(Corneal Hydrops)`, umbono wakho uzophazamiseka nakanjani. Futhi, uma lokhu kuvuvukala (i-corneal edema) kuhlala isikhathi eside, okungukuthi, uma kungelashwa kahle, imithambo yegazi emisha ingakheka ngaphakathi kweso (i-neovascularization) . Le mithambo yegazi akuyona into okufanele ibe yiyo ngokuvamile ku-`(cornea)`, futhi ingaphazamisa kakhulu umbono. Futhi, isibazi singakheka ku-`(cornea)`.

I-Corneal Hydrops ihlolwa kanjani?

Uma uvakashela udokotela wamehlo, uzoqala ngokukubuza ngezimpawu zakho kanye nomlando wezokwelapha. Ngemuva kwalokho, uzokwenza ukuhlolwa kwamehlo okuphelele. Phakathi nalokhu kuhlolwa, udokotela uvame ukukwazi ukuthola i-Corneal Hydrops.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo ngalokhu?

Ngezinye izikhathi, uma udokotela edinga ukwazi ulwazi olwengeziwe, angase ancome ezinye izivivinyo ezengeziwe.

• I-Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT): Lokhu kufana nokuskena ingaphakathi leso. Kungahlonza ngokunembile ama-hydrops e-cornea, kuhlole izinga lokuvuvukala, futhi kuqaphe inqubekela phambili yokuphulukiswa.
• I-Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM): Lokhu kufana nokuskena kwe-ultrasound. Kuyasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi kukhona yini ukudabuka elweleni le-Descemet.
• I-Tomography: Lokhu kuhlolwa kungathola isithombe esicacile ngesimo kanye nobukhulu be-cornea yakho.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Seidel: Lokhu kuhlolwa kuhlola ukuthi uketshezi olungaphakathi kweso luyavuza yini luphuma ku-cornea.

Zonke lezi zivivinyo azibuhlungu, ngakho-ke akukho okufanele ukwesabe. Udokotela uzochaza konke kuwe.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha `(Corneal Hydrops)`?

I-Corneal Hydrops yelashwa ngemithi futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngokuhlinzwa. Kungadingeka futhi ukwelapha isimo esiyisisekelo esibangele i-Corneal Hydrops (njenge-Keratoconus).

Ukwelashwa ngemithi

Uma ukudabuka kolwelwesi lukaDescemet kuncane futhi ukuvuvukala kuncane, odokotela bavame ukuncoma imithi yokwelapha ebizwa ngokuthi amaconsi amehlo.

• Isixazululo se-Hypertonic saline : Lesi yisisombululo esinosawoti omningi. Uma sisetshenziswa esweni, sikhipha uketshezi oluningi oluvela ku-stroma futhi sisize ekunciphiseni ukuvuvukala.
• Amaconsi aqukethe ama-steroid: Lawa anciphisa ukuvuvukala ngaphakathi kweso.
• Ukwehlisa umfutho wamehlo `(amaconsi)`: Ngezinye izikhathi ukucindezeleka kwamehlo kungaba phezulu. Uma lokho kwenzeka, lawa `(amaconsi)` anikezwa ukuze akulawule.
• Ama-antibiotic (amaconsi): Lawa anikezwa uma kudingeka ukuvimbela amathuba okutheleleka.
• Ukunwebeka (amaconsi eso): Lokhu kusiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu.

Ngokusho kukadokotela, kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa lawa maconsi ngesikhathi esifanele.

Kunini lapho kudingeka khona ukuhlinzwa?

Uma ukudabuka kolwelwesi lwe-Descemet kukhulu, ukuvuvukala kukhulu, noma kunengozi yokubhoboka kwe-cornea, odokotela bangase batuse ukuhlinzwa. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuhilela ukuvala ukudabuka nokuvimba uketshezi ukuthi lungaphumi. Ngezinye izikhathi kufakwa ibhamuza legesi ku-cornea ukuze kuncishiswe ukuvuvukala ngokushesha. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, uma kungelashwanga kahle, ama-hydrops e-cornea angabangela ukwakheka kwemithambo yegazi engavamile ngaphakathi kweso. Uma lokho kwenzeka, kuzodingeka futhi kwelashwe.

Ingabe ama-Corneal Hydrops angavinjelwa?

Uma unesimo esifana ne-(Keratoconus)`, khuluma nodokotela wakho wamehlo mayelana nokwelashwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-`(Crosslinking)`. Lokhu kwelashwa kwe-`(Crosslinking)` kungamisa isifo se-`(Keratoconus)` ukuthi singabi sibi kakhulu, futhi kunganciphisa nengozi yezinkinga ezifana ne-`(Corneal Hydrops)`. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, i-`(Acute Corneal Hydrops`, eba yinkinga ye-`(Keratoconus)` nezinye izifo ze-`(corneal)`, ingase ingavinjelwa ngokuphelele. Uma une-allergies yesizini noma ezinye izimo ezibangela ukulunywa kwamehlo, zama ukunciphisa ukuhlikihla nokuklwebha amehlo akho ngangokunokwenzeka . Lokhu kuzosiza ekuvimbeleni hhayi kuphela i-`(Corneal Hydrops)`, kodwa nezinye izinkinga eziningi zamehlo.

Kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama ku-`(Corneal Hydrops)`? Iyini inhloso?

Udokotela wakho angelapha ama-hydrops e-cornea acute. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungashiya isibazi ku-cornea. Lesi sibazi singaba nemiphumela ehlala njalo ekuboneni kwakho. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, isibazi singadinga ukwelashwa okwengeziwe, mhlawumbe ngisho nokuhlinzwa (njengokufakelwa i-cornea). Kubalulekile ukugcina ama-aphoyintimenti okulandelela njalo ngesikhathi nangemva kokululama kwakho, njengoba udokotela wakho engase akuncome. Lokhu kuzosiza ekunqumeni uhlelo lokwelashwa olungcono kakhulu kuwe. Isikhathi sokululama singasukela emavikini ambalwa kuya ezinyangeni ezimbalwa. Lokhu kuncike ekutheni ukuvuvukala kungakanani, uhlobo lokudabuka, kanye nendlela umzimba wakho osabela ngayo.

Ngingawanakekela kanjani amehlo ami?

• Gwema ukuhlikihla amehlo akho ngangokunokwenzeka. Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Uma unamehlo alumayo, sebenzisa amaconsi amehlo njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho.
• Ungaphuthelwa izinsuku zokuhlolwa kwamehlo ezinikezwe udokotela wakho. Hamba uyohlolwa amehlo akho ngesikhathi.
• Uma unesifo esifana ne-`(Keratoconus)`, landela ukwelashwa okunqunyiwe kahle.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela? Kunini lapho kudingeka khona ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo?

Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi kufanele umvakashele nini noma uye nini egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo. Ngokuvamile, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha uma kwenzeka noma yikuphi kwalokhu okulandelayo:

• Uma umbono wakho unyamalala ngokuzumayo noma uncipha kakhulu.
• Uma uzwa ubuhlungu bamehlo obungabekezeleleki ngokuzumayo.
• Uma kuvela izimpawu zokutheleleka okufana nomkhuhlane.
• Uma kukhona ukuphuma okungalindelekile esweni.

Ezimweni ezinjengalezi, kungcono ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha ngaphandle kokulibala.

Ngingawasebenzisa yini ama-contact lens uma ngine-Corneal Hydrops?

Uma une-`(Corneal Hydrops)`, ukugqoka ama-contact lens kungaba yinto engakhululekile futhi ebuhlungu . Uma usuwazi ukuthi unalesi simo, cishe kuzodingeka uyeke ukugqoka ama-contact lens. Ngemva kokwelashwa, ungase ukwazi ukugqoka ama-contact lens futhi ngemvume kadokotela wakho. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu bese unquma.

Kujwayelekile ukuthi noma ubani esaba lapho umbono wakhe uncipha ngokuzumayo futhi amehlo akhe ebuhlungu. Ngezinye izikhathi, lezi zimpawu zingaba izimpawu zesimo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Corneal Hydrops)`. Ngakho-ke, uma unalezi zimpawu, bheka udokotela wamehlo ngokushesha. Uzokwazi ukuthola imbangela yokuvuvukala kwe-`(cornea)` yakho futhi ancome ukwelashwa okudingekayo.

Ekugcineni, umyalezo okufanele uwuthathe uye nawo ekhaya

Kulungile, sesikhulume kakhulu nge-`(Corneal Hydrops)` manje, akunjalo? Khumbula la maphuzu:

• I-Corneal Hydrops ukuvuvukala okungazelelwe kwe-cornea. Imbangela eyinhloko yalokhu ukudabuka kolwelwesi oluthambile lwe-cornea (ulwelwesi lukaDescemet) okubangela ukuthi uketshezi luvuzele esweni.
• Ukubona okufiphele ngokuzumayo, indawo emhlophe endaweni emhlophe yeso, ubuhlungu bamehlo, kanye nokuzwela ukukhanya yizimpawu eziyinhloko.
• Abantu abanezifo ezifana ne-"Keratoconus" kanye nalabo abahlikihla amehlo njalo basengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi simo.
• Uma unezimpawu ezinjengalezi, ungenzi izinqumo wedwa bese ubona udokotela wamehlo ngokushesha.
• Ukwelashwa kungafaka phakathi amaconsi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa.
• Ukugwema ukuhlikihla amehlo akho nokulandela iseluleko sezokwelapha kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze ululame ngokushesha futhi uvimbele izimo ezifanayo esikhathini esizayo.

Khumbula, amehlo akho ayigugu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke wanakekele kahle. Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalokhu, ungangabazi ukubuza udokotela wakho.