Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wabona noma wezwa ngabantu esibhedlela abathola 'i-saline drip'. Kuhilela i-cannula ebekwe emthanjeni, exhunywe esikhwameni soketshezi olulenga esitezi eside. Abantu abaningi bazizwa bekhathazekile ngalokhu, noma bacabanga ukuthi kusetshenziselwa izifo ezingathi sína kuphela. Ngakho-ke, ziyini ngempela i-IV fluids, ezaziwa ngokuthi i-saline? Zidingeka nini ngempela? Ake sikuchaze kalula nangokucacile nge-Nirogi Lanka.
Kungani udinga uketshezi lwe-IV?
Kalula nje, uketshezi lwe-IV (olungena emthanjeni) luketshezi olukhethekile olulethwa ngqo egazini lakho ngomthambo. Isizathu esiyinhloko sokusetshenziswa kwalo ukuvimbela noma ukwelapha ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni—isimo lapho amanzi omzimba wakho kanye namazinga e-electrolyte abalulekile efinyelela amazinga aphansi ngendlela eyingozi.
Cishe u-60% womzimba wakho wenziwe ngamanzi. Cabanga nje ukuthi kwenzekani lapho leli zinga lehla kakhulu. Wonke amaseli nezitho zomzimba wakho zithembele emanzini ukuze zisebenze. Uma ungakwazi ukugcina amanzi anele ngokuphuza uketshezi ngokwakho, ukwelashwa nge-IV kuba yinto ebalulekile.
| Izimo Ezivamile Ezidinga Uketshezi Lwe-IV | |
|---|---|
| Ukugula Okubi Kakhulu | Uma uhlushwa ukuhlanza okukhulu kanye nesifo sohudo , umzimba wakho ulahlekelwa uketshezi oluningi ngokushesha. Ezimweni ezinjalo, uhlelo lwakho lokugaya ukudla lungase lungakwazi ukumunca lokho okuphuzayo. |
| Ukuzivocavoca Nokuchayeka Ekushiseni | Ukuvivinya umzimba kakhulu noma ukuchayeka isikhathi eside ekushiseni okukhulu kungabangela ukulahlekelwa amanzi okukhulu ngenxa yokujuluka. |
| Ukulimala Okukhulu Noma Ukusha | Ukulimala okukhulu noma ukusha okukhulu kungaholela ekuncipheni ngokushesha koketshezi lomzimba. |
| Ukuhlinzwa | Ngesikhathi sezinqubo ezidinga i-anesthesia, awukwazi ukudla noma ukuphuza, futhi umzimba wakho udinga ukwesekwa okwengeziwe koketshezi ngesikhathi nangemva kokuhlinzwa. |
Umphumela Wokuphelelwa Amanzi Emzimbeni
Uma umzimba wakho uphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, lokhu kuthinta izinhlelo eziningi:
- Ukuphazamiseka kwebhalansi yakho ye-electrolyte .
- Ukukhubazeka kwengqondo kanye nezinkinga zememori.
- Ukulahlekelwa amandla nokukhathala okuqhubekayo.
- Ukugaya ukudla okungajwayelekile kanye nokusebenza kwamathumbu ngendlela engafanele.
- Ubuhlungu bekhanda obuhlala bukhona futhi obunamandla.
- Ukulimala kwezitho ezibalulekile , njengezinso, inhliziyo , nobuchopho.
- Ukusebenza ngokomzimba okunciphile.
- Ukuwohloka kwempilo yesikhumba.
Lezi yizimpawu ezivamile zokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni okukhulu. Uma uhlangabezana nenye noma ngaphezulu kwalezi, sicela ufune iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha. Uma kuyisimo esiphuthumayo, shayela u-911 noma uvakashele isibhedlela esiseduze nawe.
| Isibonakaliso | Lokho ongase ukuqaphele |
|---|---|
| Isiyezi | Ukuzizwa unekhanda elithambile lapho usukuma noma uhamba. |
| Amehlo Omile | Amehlo azizwa omile, noma ngabe uzama ukukhiqiza izinyembezi. |
| Umlomo/Izindebe Ezomile | Ukuntuleka kwamathe, izindebe eziqhekekile, nolimi olomile. |
| Isikhumba esomile | Isikhumba sibonakala somile, sishwabene, noma siveza amabala. |
| Ukukhathala Okukhulu | Ukuzizwa ukhathele ngisho noma ungenawo amandla okusebenza ngokomzimba. |
| Ukuphefumula Okusheshayo | Ukuphefumula ngokushesha kunezinga lakho lokuphumula elijwayelekile. |
| Izinkinga Ezibandayo | Izandla nezinyawo zizizwa zibanda uma uzithinta. |
| Ukuchama Okuncishisiwe | Ukuchama okungaphansi kwezikhathi ezine ngosuku, nomchamo omnyama. |
Izinhlobo ze-IV Fluids
Udokotela wakho uzonquma uhlobo olufanele loketshezi lwe-IV ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile. Kunezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko:
Izixazululo ze-Crystalloid
Lezi yizinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu. Ziqukethe izinhlayiya ezincane ezidlula kalula emithanjeni yegazi yakho ziye emangqamuzaneni akho.
- Usawoti Ojwayelekile : Lona 'usawoti' wonke umuntu awujwayele. Empeleni uyingxube yamanzi kanye ne -sodium chloride (usawoti).
- I-D5W: Lokhu kuqukethe i-dextrose (uhlobo lukashukela) oluxutshwe namanzi.
- I-Lactated Ringer's: Lokhu kuhlanganisa i-sodium, i-chloride, i-potassium, i-calcium, kanye ne-lactate. Ivame ukusetshenziswa uma kudingeka umthamo omkhulu woketshezi ngokushesha.
Izixazululo ze-Colloid
Lezi ziqukethe ama-molecule amakhulu angadluli kalula ezindongeni zamaseli, ngokuvamile ahlala egazini ukuze alondoloze ivolumu. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi i-Albumin ne-Hetastarch.
Kwenzekani uma uthola i-IV?
Le nqubo yenziwa udokotela noma umhlengikazi oqeqeshiwe ngendlela ehlelekile neyobungcweti.
1. Okokuqala, udokotela wakho uzonquma uhlobo kanye nenani loketshezi lwe-IV oludingayo ngokusekelwe esisindweni sakho, ubudala, kanye nesimo sakho sezokwelapha samanje.
2. Okulandelayo, indawo yokufaka (ngokuvamile ingqiniba yangaphakathi noma ingxenye ephezulu yesandla sakho) ihlanzwa kahle ngesisombululo se-antiseptic .
3. I-tourniquet iboshwe ingalo yakho engenhla ukuze umthambo ubonakale kakhudlwana.
4. Ngemva kokukhetha umthambo ofanele, kufakwa i-cannula ehlanziwe ngamagciwane (ipayipi elincane lepulasitiki eliqukethe inaliti). Ungase uzwe ukubhoboka okuncane, kodwa kuhlala umzuzwana nje.
5. Uma i-cannula isifakwe ngempumelelo emthanjeni, i-tourniquet iyasuswa.
6. I-cannula iboshwe engalweni yakho ngetheyiphu yezokwelapha ukuvimbela noma yikuphi ukunyakaza ngengozi.
7. Ipayipi elixhunywe esikhwameni sakho soketshezi lwe-IV libe selinamathiselwa ku-cannula.
8. Isikhwama se-IV silenga esitendini se-IV, futhi uketshezi lulethwa ngesivinini esilawulwayo ngepompo yokufaka noma amandla adonsela phansi, okuqinisekisa ukuphathwa okunembile.
9. Abasebenzi bethu bezokwelapha bazoqapha yonke inqubo njalo ukuze uphephe.
Ngesikhathi une-IV, uma ubona izinga lokuconsa libonakala lishesha kakhulu noma lihamba kancane, uma uzwa ubuhlungu endaweni, uma i-cannula izwakala ikhululekile, noma uma uzwa ikhanda noma ubunzima bokuphefumula, yazisa udokotela noma umhlengikazi wakho ngokushesha.
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi?
Ukubuyisela amanzi emzimbeni nge-IV kuyindlela yezokwelapha evamile kakhulu, elula, futhi ephephile. Inikeza impumuzo esheshayo futhi, ezigulini ezigula kakhulu, ingasindisa impilo.
Nakuba izinkinga zingavamile kakhulu, kuhle ukwaziswa ngazo ukuze wazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyiqaphele.
| Inkinga | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukumbozwa Komoya | Umoya ungena emthanjeni ngepayipi. Lokhu akuvamile kakhulu kodwa kudinga usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. |
| Umthambo Ogoqekile | Umthambo ungase uqhekeke ngesikhathi sokufakwa noma ngemva kokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, abasebenzi bazomane basebenzise enye indawo. |
| Ukulayisha Okungaphezu Koketshezi | Uma uketshezi lunikezwa ngokushesha kakhulu, lungabangela ikhanda elibuhlungu, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula. Ukulungisa izinga lokugeleza kwegazi kuxazulula lokhu. |
| I-Hematoma | Igazi livuza ezicutshini ezizungezile. Libukeka njengenxeba futhi livame ukuphola phakathi namasonto ambalwa. |
| Ukutheleleka | Kwenzeka uma indawo yokufaka ingagcinwa ihlanzekile. Lokhu kungelashwa ngempumelelo ngama-antibiotic. |
| Ukungena ngaphakathi | Uketshezi oluvuza ezicutshini ezizungezile uma i-cannula ishintsha. Kungabangela ubuhlungu/ukuvuvukala okuncane, kodwa kulula ukukulawula. |
| I-Phlebitis | Ukuvuvukala komthambo. Kuvamile impela; kwelashwa ngokususa i-cannula nokusebenzisa ama-compress afudumele. |
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Uketshezi lwe-IV, noma 'usawoti,' lusetshenziswa kakhulu ukwelapha ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni nokubuyisela ibhalansi ye-electrolyte.
- Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni akufanele kuthathwe kalula; uma ubonisa izimpawu ezinzima, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha noma uxhumane nezinsizakalo eziphuthumayo.
- Ukwelashwa nge-IV kuyindlela ejwayelekile nephephile kakhulu eyenziwa ezibhedlela nsuku zonke. Sicela ungakhathazeki ngakho.
- Uhlobo oluthile kanye nenani loketshezi olutholayo kunqunywa udokotela wakho ngokusekelwe ekuhlolweni kwakho kwempilo.
- Uma uzizwa ungakhululekile ngesikhathi i-IV isendaweni, hlala utshela umhlengikazi noma udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Uketshezi lwe-IV, usawoti, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, i-cannula, ukwelashwa ngemithambo yegazi, i-Nirogi Lanka
