Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa ubuhlungu esifubeni, ukuphelelwa umoya, noma umuzwa wokusinda lapho uhamba? Uma uya kudokotela wakho, angakutshela ukuthi udinga ukwenza isivivinyo esikhethekile ukuze ubone ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi enikeza igazi enhliziyweni yakho (esikubiza ngokuthi imithambo yegazi yenhliziyo). Esinye sezivivinyo ezibaluleke kakhulu ezenziwa ngalezo zikhathi yi-'coronary angiogram'. Abanye abantu bazizwa besaba futhi besaba kancane lapho bezwa leli gama. "O, ingabe lokhu kuwukuhlinzwa okukhulu?", "Ingabe kuzolimaza kakhulu?" "Ingabe kukhona izingozi?" Imibuzo eminingi ifika engqondweni. Ngakho-ke, kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngqo ngokuthi lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-angiogram kuyini, kwenziwa kanjani, ukuthi ungakulungiselela kanjani, nakho konke okudingeka ukwazi ngakho.
Iyini ngempela i-angiogram yenhliziyo?
Kalula nje, i-coronary angiogram iyisivivinyo se-X-ray esikhethekile esihlola ukuthi igazi ligeleza kahle kangakanani emithanjeni yenhliziyo yakho, imithambo yegazi eyinhloko ethwala igazi iye emisipheni yenhliziyo yakho. Njengokuhlola ithrafikhi emgwaqweni wedolobha ukuze ubone ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvinjwa, ukuvinjwa, noma ukuvaleka, ihlola noma yikuphi ukuvinjwa noma ukuvaleka emithanjeni yegazi yenhliziyo yakho.
Phakathi nalolu vivinyo, kufakwa udayi okhethekile, noma i-pigment, emithanjeni yegazi bese kuthathwa uchungechunge lwezithombe ze-X-ray. Lo dayi uvumela ingaphakathi lemithambo yegazi ukuthi libonakale kahle ku-X-ray. Kufana nokukhanyisa ithoshi ekamelweni elimnyama bese ubona umgwaqo. Lokhu kuvumela udokotela ukuthi abone ukuthi kukhona yini ukunqwabelana kwe-cholesterol emithanjeni yakho (okubizwa ngokuthi i-atherosclerosis ) okunciphise noma okuvimbele ukugeleza kwegazi. Lolu hlobo lokuvaleka luyimbangela eyinhloko yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kamuva.
Kungaphansi kwaziphi izimo udokotela angakucela ukuthi wenze lokhu kuhlolwa?
Udokotela wakho cishe uzoncoma lolu vivinyo uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu kwalezi zizathu ezilandelayo. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.
| Isizathu | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Imibiko yokuhlolwa okungavamile | Uma uke waba nemiphumela engavamile evela ekuhlolweni kokucindezeleka kwangaphambilini noma i-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram). |
| Isifo senhliziyo esivele sikhona | Uma unesifo se-valve yenhliziyo, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, noma ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo. |
| Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa | Uma uhlelelwe ukwenza okunye ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo, hlola isimo semithambo yegazi yenhliziyo ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke. |
| Ubuhlungu besifuba (i-Angina) | Uma unezinhlungu zesifuba ezintsha, noma uma uhlobo lobuhlungu selushintshile. |
| Izimpawu ezingachazeki | Uma unezinkinga zesifuba ezingavamile noma ubunzima bokuphefumula okungekho okunye ukuhlolwa okungathola imbangela yako. |
Udokotela uzokuchazela ukuthi kungani ucelwa ukuba wenze lokhu kuhlolwa. Buza noma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho ngakho ngokushesha.
Kufanele uzilungiselele kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlolwa?
Nakuba lokhu kungekona okukhulu njengokuhlinzwa, kudinga ukulungiselela okuncane. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela lokhu ngokuningiliziwe. Lezi yizinto ovame ukucelwa ukuba uzenze:
- Ukudla Nokuphuza: Uzocelwa ukuthi ungadli noma uphuze lutho ngaphandle kwamanzi cishe amahora angu-8 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
- Imithi: Uma uthatha noma yimiphi imithi efana nemithi yokunciphisa igazi, imithi yesifo sikashukela, imithi yokukhipha isisu, noma i-sildenafil, udokotela wakho uzobuza ukuthi udinga ukuyeka yini ukuyithatha noma ukulungisa umthamo ezinsukwini ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Kubalulekile ukwazisa udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo.
- Ukungezwani komzimba: Uma wake waba nokungezwani komzimba nohlobo lwedayi yokuhlukanisa umbala noma umuthi wokubulala izinzwa, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho ngakho.
- Ukukhulelwa: Kufanele futhi utshele udokotela wakho uma ukhulelwe noma uhlela ukukhulelwa.
- Ezokuthutha: Ngeke uvunyelwe ukushayela ngosuku olufanayo ngemva kokuhlolwa. Ngakho-ke, uma uya ekhaya ngalolo suku, kubalulekile ukuhlela ukuba othile akushayele.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi se-angiogram?
Lona umbuzo omkhulu kunayo yonke umuntu anayo. "Kwenzekani ngaphakathi?" Cabanga nje, lokhu kuyinto ehlelwe kahle futhi eyenziwe ngokucophelela. Ake sibone ukuthi kwenzekani isinyathelo ngesinyathelo.
1. Ukulungiselela: Okokuqala, uzonikezwa ingubo yasesibhedlela bese ucelwa ukuthi ulale embhedeni okhethekile egumbini lokuhlolwa.
2. Ukupholisa: Bese kufakwa ipayipi le-IV (i-cannula) emthanjeni ongalweni yakho, bese kunikezwa umuthi wokuthoba ngawo. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi uphumule futhi kususe ukwesaba nokukhathazeka kwakho. Kodwa ngeke ulahlekelwe ingqondo, uzobe uphapheme ngokwanele ukulalela okushiwo odokotela, ukhwehlele kancane lapho bekutshela, futhi ubambe umoya wakho.
3. Ukuqapha inhliziyo: Izitikha ze-ECG zifakwa esifubeni sakho futhi izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho liqashwe phakathi nokuhlolwa.
4. Ukuba ndikindiki: Okulandelayo, udokotela uzokhetha ukufaka ipayipi elincane emthanjeni wegazi embotsheni noma esihlakaleni sakho. Indawo izovalwa indikindiki ngomuthi wokubulala izinzwa wendawo. Ngakho ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu. Kodwa-ke, ungase uzwe umuzwa omncane wokudabuka njengoba udokotela esebenza.
5. Ukufakwa kwe-catheter: Ngemva kokubulala izinzwa, kufakwa ipayipi elincane kakhulu neliguquguqukayo, elibizwa ngokuthi i-catheter , ngemithambo yegazi ekhethiwe.
6. Uhambo oluya enhliziyweni: Udokotela wenhliziyo ube esebheka isikrini se-X-ray bese eqondisa le catheter ngokucophelela ngemithambo yegazi yakho iye emithanjeni yenhliziyo esenhliziyweni yakho.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ngeke uyizwe le catheter idlula emzimbeni wakho nhlobo, ngoba azikho izinzwa ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi ezingase zizwe ubuhlungu.
7. I-X-ray kanye nedayi: Uma i-catheter isikhona, kufakwa idayi ekhethekile emthanjeni nge-catheter. Uma idayi ifakwa, ungase uzizwe ufudumele noma umuzwa oshisayo imizuzwana embalwa. Lokhu kuvamile futhi akufanele ukhathazeke. Njengoba idayi idlula emthanjeni, umshini we-X-ray (obizwa ngokuthi i-fluoroscopy ) uzojikeleza uzungeze wena futhi uthathe izithombe.
8. Ukuhlonza ukuvinjelwa: Ngenxa yokuthi udayi wenza ingaphakathi lemithambo yegazi libonakale ngokucacile ku-X-ray, udokotela angabona kahle ukuthi imithambo ivalekile, inciphile, noma ivimbela ukugeleza kwegazi ngenxa yezinto ezifana ne-cholesterol namafutha.
Ngokuvamile, yonke le nqubo ingathatha imizuzu engama-30 kuya kwengama-50.
Ngingayithola yini imithi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa?
Yebo. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma udokotela ebona ukuvaleka, angayilapha ngokushesha. Ibhaluni lithunyelwa ekuvalekeni bese lifuthwa ukuze kwandiswe umthambo ( i-angioplasty ). Bese kufakwa idivayisi encane efana ne-mesh ( i-stent ) endaweni ukuze kuvinjwe umthambo ukuthi ungaphinde uvaleke. Kodwa lokhu akwenziwa njalo. Ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela angase anqume ukuthi kungcono ukwenza olunye ukwelashwa ngosuku olulandelayo.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlolwa?
Uma ukuhlolwa sekuqediwe, udokotela uzokhipha i-catheter. Bese, ukuze ayeke ukopha, bazofaka ingcindezi kanye nebhandishi endaweni lapho i-catheter ifakwe khona. Iningi labantu lingaya ekhaya zingakapheli amahora ambalwa kusukela ekuhlolweni, ngisho nangosuku olufanayo. Kodwa-ke, uma ukuhlolwa kuyinkimbinkimbi noma uma kwenziwa emini, kungadingeka uhlale esibhedlela ngalobo busuku.
Ungase uzizwe ukhathele kancane ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya. Indawo lapho kufakwe khona i-catheter ingaba buhlungu futhi ivuvukele cishe isonto lonke. Udokotela wakho uzokweluleka ukuthi uphumule futhi ugweme ukwenza umsebenzi onzima izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu.
Ingabe kukhona izingozi ezihilelekile kulokhu?
Njenganoma iyiphi inqubo yezokwelapha, kunengozi encane. Kodwa khumbula, izinkinga ezinkulu azivamile. Ikakhulukazi uma ukuhlolwa kwenziwa esibhedlela nodokotela abanolwazi abenza lokhu kuhlolwa njalo.
| Izingozi ezingaba khona (kodwa ezingavamile kakhulu) | |
|---|---|
| Ukungezwani nodayi noma umuthi wokubulala izinzwa | Ukulimala emthanjeni wegazi |
| Ukopha, ukutheleleka okuvela endaweni yokufaka i-catheter | Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (i-arrhythmia) |
| Amahlule egazi | Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi |
| Ukulimala kwezinso (ikakhulukazi kubantu asebenesifo sezinso kakade) | Ukwakheka koketshezi oluzungeze inhliziyo (i-cardiac tamponade) |
Ubani ongase abe sengozini eyanda kancane?
- Kulabo abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65 ubudala
- Kulabo abanesifo sikashukela
- Kulabo abanesifo sezinso
Uma unemibuzo mayelana nalezi zingozi, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuhlolwa futhi uthole ulwazi oluphelele.
Ngingazi kanjani imiphumela yokuhlolwa?
Ezimweni eziningi, udokotela wakho uzokutshela imiphumela ngokushesha nje lapho ukuhlolwa sekuqediwe.
- Umphumela Ojwayelekile: Lokhu kusho ukuthi azikho izithiyo emithanjeni yakho yenhliziyo nokuthi ukugeleza kwegazi kuhle. Uma kunjalo, imbangela yezimpawu zakho ingaba yinto ehlukile.
- Umphumela Ongajwayelekile: Lokhu kusho ukuthi kukhona ukuvaleka noma ukuncipha komunye noma ngaphezulu kwemithambo. Udokotela uzokuchazela kahle ukuthi yimuphi umthambo ovalekile, ukuthi ukuphi, nokuthi ukuvaleka kukhulu kangakanani. Kungachazwa njengephesenti (isibonelo, u-70% uvalekile).
Uma imiphumela ingajwayelekile, yini oyenzayo ngokulandelayo?
Uma kukhona ukuvaleka, udokotela wakho uzokuchazela indlela engcono kakhulu yokwenza. Lokhu kungafaka:
- I-Angioplasty kanye ne-stenting
- Ukuqala imithi
- Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila, njengokushintsha ukudla kwakho nokuzivocavoca umzimba
- Ukuhlinzwa kwe-bypass (Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Coronary Artery Bypass - CABG)
Ufuna ukubona udokotela futhi ngasiphi isikhathi?
Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya, qaphela ukuthi i-catheter ifakwe kuphi. Uma unezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Uma kukhona ukopha okukhulu kuleyo ndawo
- Uma ukuvuvukala kukhuphuka
- Uma ubona izimpawu zokutheleleka, njengokushintsha kombala wesikhumba noma ubomvu
- Uma uzizwa unenkinga yokujikeleza kwegazi ezingalweni noma emilenzeni yakho
I-angiogram akuyona inqubo ebuhlungu kakhulu. Uzozwa ubuhlungu obuncane kuphela uma kufakwa i-IV futhi kunikezwa umuthi wokwenza kube nezinzwa. Ngeke uzwe i-catheter ifakwa noma ithuthwa emzimbeni wakho. Uma uzwa ubuhlungu obungabekezeleleki ngesikhathi senqubo, tshela udokotela noma umhlengikazi ngokushesha.
Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba uma utshelwa ukuthi udinga i-angiogram. Kodwa khumbula, ulwazi oluvela kulolu vivinyo luzosiza udokotela wakho ukuthi anqume isimo senhliziyo yakho ngqo futhi ahlele ukwelashwa okufanele wena. Ngakho-ke khuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho ngalokhu. Bakhona ukukusiza.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-angiogram yenhliziyo iyindlela evamile kakhulu futhi ephephile yokuhlola ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi yenhliziyo.
- Ngokusekelwe kolwazi olunikeziwe, udokotela anganquma ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe.
- Lena akuyona inqubo ebuhlungu kakhulu. Uzozizwa ungakhululekile kancane ngenxa yokuzwa ukuqaqamba.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela (ukuzila ukudla, imithi) ngaphambi nje kokuhlolwa.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho ngaphambi kokuhlolwa ukuze uqede noma yikuphi ukungabaza.
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